Aurivillius phases explained

Aurivillius phases are a form of perovskite represented by the general formulae is (Bi₂O₂)(A_n−1B_nO_3n+1) (where A is a large 12 co-ordinate cation, and B is a small 6 co-ordinate cation).^[1]

Basically, their structure is built by alternating layers of [Bi₂O₂]²⁺ and pseudo-perovskite blocks, with perovskite layers that are n octahedral layers in thickness.^{[2] [3]} This crystal structure was first described in 1949 by Swedish chemist Bengt Aurivillius.^[4] The first interest in Aurivillius phases arose from the observation of ferroelectricity even for the simplest member, Bi₂WO₆ (n=1) of this crystallographic family.^[5] The Mo-homologous Aurivillius phase Bi₂MoO₆ was recently investigated as a potential LTCC material. Their oxide ion-conducting properties of Aurivillius phases were first discovered in the 1970s by Takahashi et al., and they have been used too for this purpose ever since.^[6]

Aurivillius phase oxide materials are a class of lead-free ceramics.^{[7] [8]}

See also

• Ruddlesden-Popper phase

Notes and References

1. Frit . B. . Mercurio . J. P. . 1992-10-19 . The crystal chemistry and dielectric properties of the Aurivillius family of complex bismuth oxides with perovskite-like layered structures . Journal of Alloys and Compounds . en . 188 . 27–35 . 10.1016/0925-8388(92)90639-Q . 0925-8388.
2. Web site: Aurivillius phases . Moscow State University website . 14 November 2013.
3. Schaak . Raymond E. . Mallouk . Thomas E. . 2002-04-01 . Perovskites by Design: A Toolbox of Solid-State Reactions . Chemistry of Materials . en . 14 . 4 . 1455–1471 . 10.1021/cm010689m . 0897-4756.
4. Aurivillius B., Ark. Kemi., 1949, p. 463
5. Withers . R. L. . Thompson . J. G. . Rae . A. D. . 1991-10-01 . The crystal chemistry underlying ferroelectricity in Bi4Ti3O12, Bi3TiNbO9, and Bi2WO6 . Journal of Solid State Chemistry . en . 94 . 2 . 404–417 . 10.1016/0022-4596(91)90207-X . 1991JSSCh..94..404W . 0022-4596.
6. Kendall . K. R. . Navas . C. . Thomas . J. K. . Zur Loye . H. C. . Recent Developments in Oxide Ion Conductors: Aurivillius Phases . 10.1021/cm9503083 . Chemistry of Materials . 8 . 3 . 642 . 1996 .
7. Moure . Alberto . Castro . Alicia . Pardo . Lorena . 2009-01-01 . Aurivillius-type ceramics, a class of high temperature piezoelectric materials: Drawbacks, advantages and trends . Progress in Solid State Chemistry . en . 37 . 1 . 15–39 . 10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2009.06.001 . 0079-6786.
8. Book: Subohi, Oroosa . Aurivillius phase materials : exploring lead-free ferroelectrics . 2021 . Rajnish Kurchania . 978-0-7503-3419-8 . Bristol . 1291620491.