August 12 Explained
Events
Pre-1600
1601–1900
1901–present
- 1914 - World War I: The United Kingdom and the British Empire declare war on Austria-Hungary.
- 1914 - World War I: The Battle of Halen a.k.a. Battle of the Silver Helmets a clash between large Belgian and German cavalry formations at Halen, Belgium.
- 1944 - Waffen-SS troops massacre 560 people in Sant'Anna di Stazzema.
- 1944 - Nazi German troops end the week-long Wola massacre, during which time at least 40,000 people are killed indiscriminately or in mass executions.
- 1944 - Alençon is liberated by General Philippe Leclerc de Hauteclocque, the first city in France to be liberated from the Nazis by French forces.
- 1948 - Between 15 and 150 unarmed members of the Khudai Khidmatgar movement are killed by Pakistani police.
- 1950 - Korean War: Bloody Gulch massacre: Seventy-five American POWs are massacred by the North Korean Army.
- 1952 - The Night of the Murdered Poets: Thirteen prominent Jewish intellectuals are murdered in Moscow, Russia, Soviet Union.
- 1953 - First thermonuclear bomb test: The Soviet atomic bomb project continues with the detonation of "RDS-6s" (Joe 4) using a "layered" scheme.
- 1953 - The 7.2 Ionian earthquake shakes the southern Ionian Islands with a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (Extreme). Between 445 and 800 people are killed.
- 1960 - Echo 1A, NASA's first successful communications satellite, is launched.[6]
- 1964 - South Africa is banned from the Olympic Games due to the country's racist policies.
- 1969 - Violence erupts after the Apprentice Boys of Derry march in Derry, Northern Ireland, resulting in a three-day communal riot known as the Battle of the Bogside.
- 1976 - Between 1,000 and 3,500 Palestinians are killed in the Tel al-Zaatar massacre, one of the bloodiest events of the Lebanese Civil War.
- 1977 - The first free flight of the .
- 1977 - The Sri Lanka Riots: Targeting the minority Sri Lankan Tamils, begin, less than a month after the United National Party came to power. Over 300 Tamils are killed.
- 1981 - The IBM Personal Computer is released.
- 1984 - An infamous brawl takes place at the Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium between the Atlanta Braves and San Diego Padres.[7]
- 1985 - Japan Air Lines Flight 123 crashes into Osutaka ridge in Gunma Prefecture, Japan, killing 520, to become the worst single-plane air disaster.
- 1990 - Sue, the largest and most complete Tyrannosaurus rex skeleton found to date, is discovered by Sue Hendrickson in South Dakota.
- 1992 - Canada, Mexico and the United States announce completion of negotiations for the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
- 1994 - Major League Baseball players go on strike, eventually forcing the cancellation of the 1994 World Series.
- 2000 - The Russian Navy submarine explodes and sinks in the Barents Sea during a military exercise, killing her entire 118-man crew.
- 2015 - At least two massive explosions kill 173 people and injure nearly 800 more in Tianjin, China.
- 2016 - Syrian civil war: The Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) capture the city of Manbij from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL).[8] [9] [10] [11]
- 2017 - The Unite the Right rally occurs in Charlottesville, Virginia, leading to the deaths of 3 and injuring nearly 50 more.[12]
- 2018 - Thirty-nine civilians, including a dozen children, are killed in an explosion at a weapons depot in Sarmada, Syria.[13]
- 2021 - Six people, five victims and the perpetrator are killed in Keyham, Plymouth in the worst mass shooting in the UK since 2010.[14]
Births
Pre-1600
1601–1900
- 1604 - Tokugawa Iemitsu, Japanese shōgun (d. 1651)
- 1626 - Giovanni Legrenzi, Italian composer (d. 1690)
- 1629 - Archduchess Isabella Clara of Austria, Austrian archduchess (d. 1685)
- 1644 - Heinrich Ignaz Franz Biber, Bohemian-Austrian violinist and composer (d. 1704)
- 1686 - John Balguy, English philosopher and author (d. 1748)
- 1696 - Maurice Greene, English organist and composer (d. 1755)
- 1762 - George IV of the United Kingdom (d. 1830)
- 1773 - Karl Faber, Prussian historian and academic (d. 1853)
- 1774 - Robert Southey, English poet and author (d. 1843)
- 1831 - Helena Blavatsky, Russian theosophist and scholar (d. 1891)
- 1852 - Michael J. McGivney, American priest and founder of the Knights of Columbus (d. 1890)
- 1856 - Diamond Jim Brady, American businessman and philanthropist (d. 1917)
- 1857 - Ernestine von Kirchsberg, Austrian painter and educator (d. 1924)
- 1859 - Katharine Lee Bates, American poet and author (d. 1929)[15]
- 1860 - Klara Hitler, Austrian mother of Adolf Hitler (d. 1907)
- 1866 - Jacinto Benavente, Spanish playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1954)
- 1866 - Henrik Sillem, Dutch target shooter, mountaineer, and jurist (d. 1907)
- 1867 - Edith Hamilton, German-American author and educator (d. 1963)
- 1870 - Henry Reuterdahl, Swedish-American artist (d. 1925)
- 1871 - Gustavs Zemgals, Latvian politician, 2nd President of Latvia (d. 1939)
- 1876 - Mary Roberts Rinehart, American author and playwright (d. 1958)
- 1877 - Albert Bartha, Hungarian general and politician, Hungarian Minister of Defence (d. 1960)
- 1880 - Radclyffe Hall, English poet, author, and activist (d. 1943)
- 1880 - Christy Mathewson, American baseball player and manager (d. 1925)
- 1881 - Cecil B. DeMille, American director and producer (d. 1959)
- 1883 - Martha Hedman, Swedish-American actress and playwright (d. 1974)
- 1883 - Marion Lorne, American actress (d. 1968)
- 1885 - Jean Cabannes, French physicist and academic (d. 1959)
- 1885 - Keith Murdoch, Australian journalist (d. 1952)
- 1885 - Juhan Simm, Estonian composer and conductor (d. 1959)
- 1887 - Erwin Schrödinger, Austrian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1961)
- 1889 - Zerna Sharp, American author and educator (d. 1981)
- 1891 - C. E. M. Joad, English philosopher and academic (d. 1953)
- 1891 - John McDermott, American golfer (d. 1971)
- 1892 - Alfred Lunt, American actor and director (d. 1977)
- 1897 - Maurice Fernandes, Guyanese cricketer (d. 1981)
- 1899 - Ben Sealey, Trinidadian cricketer (d. 1963)
1901–present
- 1902 - Mohammad Hatta, Indonesian statesman, 1st Vice President of Indonesia (d. 1980)
- 1904 - Idel Jakobson, Latvian-Estonian NKVD officer (d. 1997)
- 1904 - Tamás Lossonczy, Hungarian painter (d. 2009)
- 1904 - Alexei Nikolaevich, Tsarevich of Russia (d. 1918)
- 1906 - Harry Hopman, Australian tennis player and coach (d. 1985)
- 1906 - Tedd Pierce, American animator, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1972)
- 1907 - Gladys Bentley, American blues singer (d. 1960)
- 1907 - Joe Besser, American actor (d. 1988)
- 1907 - Boy Charlton, Australian swimmer (d. 1975)
- 1907 - Benjamin Sheares, Singaporean physician and politician, 2nd President of Singapore (d. 1981)
- 1909 - Bruce Matthews, Canadian general and businessman (d. 1991)
- 1910 - Yusof bin Ishak, Singaporean journalist and politician, 1st President of Singapore (d. 1970)[16]
- 1910 - Jane Wyatt, American actress (d. 2006)
- 1911 - Cantinflas, Mexican actor, screenwriter, and producer (d. 1993)
- 1912 - Samuel Fuller, American actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1997)
- 1913 - Richard L. Bare, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2015)
- 1914 - Gerd Buchdahl, German-English philosopher and author (d. 2001)
- 1914 - Ruth Lowe, Canadian pianist and songwriter (d. 1981)
- 1915 - Michael Kidd, American dancer and choreographer (d. 2007)
- 1916 - Ioan Dicezare, Romanian general and pilot (d. 2012)
- 1916 - Edward Pinkowski, American writer, journalist and Polonia historian (d. 2020)
- 1917 - Oliver Crawford, American screenwriter and author (d. 2008)
- 1917 - Ebba Haslund, Norwegian writer (d. 2009)[17]
- 1918 - Sid Bernstein, American record producer (d. 2013)
- 1918 - Guy Gibson, Anglo-Indian commander and pilot, Victoria Cross recipient (d. 1944)
- 1919 - Margaret Burbidge, English-American astrophysicist and academic (d. 2020)
- 1919 - Vikram Sarabhai, Indian physicist and academic (d. 1971)
- 1920 - Charles Gibson, American ethnohistorian (d. 1985)
- 1920 - Percy Mayfield, American R&B singer-songwriter (d. 1984)[18]
- 1922 - Fulton Mackay, Scottish actor and playwright (d. 1987)
- 1922 - Miloš Jakeš, Czech communist politician (d. 2020)
- 1923 - John Holt, Jamaican cricketer (d. 1997)
- 1924 - Derek Shackleton, English cricketer, coach, and umpire (d. 2007)
- 1924 - Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, Pakistani general and politician, 6th President of Pakistan (d. 1988)
- 1925 - Dale Bumpers, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 38th Governor of Arkansas (d. 2016)
- 1925 - Guillermo Cano Isaza, Colombian journalist (d. 1986)
- 1925 - Donald Justice, American poet and writing teacher (d. 2004)
- 1925 - Norris McWhirter, Scottish publisher and activist co-founded the Guinness World Records (d. 2004)
- 1925 - Ross McWhirter, Scottish publisher and activist, co-founded the Guinness World Records (d. 1975)
- 1925 - George Wetherill, American physicist and academic (d. 2006)
- 1926 - Douglas Croft, American child actor (d. 1963)[19]
- 1926 - John Derek, American actor, director, and cinematographer (d. 1998)
- 1926 - Joe Jones, American R&B singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2005)
- 1927 - Porter Wagoner, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2007)
- 1928 - Charles Blackman, Australian painter and illustrator (d. 2018)
- 1928 - Bob Buhl, American baseball player (d. 2001)
- 1928 - Dan Curtis, American director and producer (d. 2006)
- 1929 - Buck Owens, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2006)
- 1930 - George Soros, Hungarian-American businessman and investor, founded the Soros Fund Management
- 1930 - Kanagaratnam Sriskandan, Sri Lankan engineer and civil servant (d. 2010)
- 1930 - Jacques Tits, Belgian-French mathematician and academic (d. 2021)
- 1931 - William Goldman, American author, playwright, and screenwriter (d. 2018)
- 1932 - Dallin H. Oaks, American lawyer, jurist, and religious leader
- 1932 - Charlie O'Donnell, American radio and television announcer (d. 2010)
- 1932 - Sirikit, Queen mother of Thailand
- 1933 - Parnelli Jones, American race car driver and businessman (d. 2024)[20]
- 1933 - Frederic Lindsay, Scottish author and educator (d. 2013)
- 1934 - Robin Nicholson, English metallurgist and academic
- 1935 - John Cazale, American actor (d. 1978)
- 1936 - Kjell Grede, Swedish director and screenwriter (d. 2017)
- 1937 - Walter Dean Myers, American author and poet (d. 2014)
- 1938 - Jean-Paul L'Allier, Canadian journalist and politician, 38th Mayor of Quebec City (d. 2016)
- 1939 - George Hamilton, American actor
- 1939 - David Jacobs, American television writer and producer (d. 2023)[21]
- 1939 - S. Jayakumar, Singaporean politician, 4th Senior Minister of Singapore[22]
- 1939 - Pam Kilborn, Australian track and field athlete
- 1939 - David King, South African chemist and academic
- 1939 - Sushil Koirala, Nepalese politician, 37th Prime Minister of Nepal (d. 2016)
- 1939 - Roy Romanow, Canadian lawyer and politician, 12th Premier of Saskatchewan
- 1940 - Eddie Barlow, South African cricketer and coach (d. 2005)
- 1940 - John Waller, English historical European martial arts (HEMA) revival pioneer and fight director (d. 2018)[23]
- 1941 - L. M. Kit Carson, American actor, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2014)
- 1941 - Réjean Ducharme, Canadian author and playwright (d. 2017)
- 1941 - Dana Ivey, American actress
- 1942 - Hans-Wilhelm Müller-Wohlfahrt, German physician and author
- 1943 - Javeed Alam, Indian academician[24] (d. 2016)
- 1945 - Dorothy E. Denning, American computer scientist and academic
- 1945 - Ron Mael, American keyboard player and songwriter
- 1946 - Terry Nutkins, English television host and author (d. 2012)
- 1947 - John Nathan-Turner, English author and television director, producer, and writer (d. 2002)[25]
- 1948 - Siddaramaiah, Indian lawyer and politician, 22nd Chief Minister of Karnataka
- 1948 - Graham J. Zellick, English academic and jurist
- 1949 - Panagiotis Chinofotis, Greek admiral and politician
- 1949 - Mark Knopfler, Scottish-English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
- 1949 - Lou Martin, Northern Irish pianist, songwriter, and producer (d. 2012)
- 1949 - Alex Naumik, Lithuanian-Norwegian singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2013)
- 1949 - Rick Ridgeway, American mountaineer and photographer
- 1950 - Jim Beaver, American actor, director, and screenwriter
- 1950 - August "Kid Creole" Darnell, American musician, bandleader, singer-songwriter, and record producer
- 1950 - George McGinnis, American basketball player (d. 2023)[26]
- 1951 - Klaus Toppmöller, German football manager and former player
- 1952 - Daniel Biles, American associate justice of the Kansas Supreme Court
- 1952 - Sitaram Yechury, Indian politician and leader of CPI(M)[27] (d. 2024)[28]
- 1954 - Ibolya Dávid, Hungarian lawyer and politician, Minister of Justice of Hungary
- 1954 - François Hollande, French lawyer and politician, 24th President of France
- 1954 - Sam J. Jones, American actor[29]
- 1954 - Pat Metheny, American jazz guitarist and composer
- 1956 - Lee Freedman, Australian horse trainer
- 1956 - Bruce Greenwood, Canadian actor and producer
- 1956 - Sidath Wettimuny, Sri Lankan cricketer
- 1957 - Friedhelm Schütte, German footballer
- 1957 - Amanda Redman, English actress
- 1958 - Jürgen Dehmel, German bass player and songwriter
- 1959 - Kerry Boustead, Australian rugby league player
- 1960 - Laurent Fignon, French cyclist and sportscaster (d. 2010)
- 1960 - Greg Thomas, Welsh-English cricketer
- 1961 - Roy Hay, English guitarist, keyboard player, and composer
- 1961 - Mark Priest, New Zealand cricketer
- 1963 - Kōji Kitao, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 60th Yokozuna (d. 2019)
- 1963 - Campbell Newman, Australian politician, 38th Premier of Queensland
- 1963 - Sir Mix-a-Lot, American rapper, producer, and actor
- 1964 - Txiki Begiristain, Spanish footballer
- 1964 - Michael Hagan, Australian rugby league player and coach
- 1965 - Peter Krause, American actor
- 1966 - Tobias Ellwood, American-English captain and politician
- 1967 - Andy Hui, Hong Kong singer-songwriter and actor
- 1967 - Andrey Plotnikov, Russian race walker
- 1967 - Regilio Tuur, Dutch boxer
- 1968 - Thorsten Boer, German footballer and manager
- 1969 - Aga Muhlach, Filipino actor and politician
- 1969 - Stuart Williams, Nevisian cricketer
- 1969 - Tanita Tikaram, British pop/folk singer-songwriter[30]
- 1970 - Aleksandar Đurić, Bosnian footballer
- 1970 - Charles Mesure, English-Australian actor and screenwriter
- 1970 - Toby Perkins, English businessman and politician
- 1970 - Jim Schlossnagle, American baseball player and coach
- 1970 - Anthony Swofford, American soldier and author
- 1971 - Michael Ian Black, American comedian, actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
- 1971 - Yvette Nicole Brown, American actress, comedian, and talk show host[31]
- 1971 - Rebecca Gayheart, American actress
- 1971 - Pete Sampras, American tennis player
- 1972 - Demir Demirkan, Turkish singer-songwriter and producer
- 1972 - Mark Kinsella, Irish footballer and manager
- 1972 - Takanohana Kōji, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 65th Yokozuna
- 1972 - Gyanendra Pandey, Indian cricketer
- 1972 - Del the Funky Homosapien, American rapper [32]
- 1973 - Jonathan Coachman, American sportscaster and wrestler
- 1973 - Mark Iuliano, Italian footballer and manager
- 1973 - Todd Marchant, American ice hockey player and coach
- 1974 - Matt Clement, American baseball player and coach
- 1974 - Karl Stefanovic, Australian television host
- 1975 - Casey Affleck, American actor
- 1976 - Pedro Collins, Barbadian cricketer
- 1976 - Mikko Lindström, Finnish guitarist
- 1976 - Henry Tuilagi, Samoan rugby player
- 1976 - Antoine Walker, American basketball player
- 1977 - Plaxico Burress, American football player
- 1977 - Jesper Grønkjær, Danish footballer
- 1977 - Park Yong-ha, South Korean actor (d. 2010)
- 1978 - Chris Chambers, American football player
- 1978 - Hayley Wickenheiser, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1979 - D. J. Houlton, American baseball player
- 1979 - Ian Hutchinson, English motorcycle racer
- 1979 - Cindy Klassen, Canadian speed skater
- 1979 - Austra Skujytė, Lithuanian pentathlete
- 1980 - Javier Chevantón, Uruguayan footballer
- 1980 - Maggie Lawson, American actress
- 1980 - Dominique Swain, American actress
- 1980 - Matt Thiessen, Canadian-American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1981 - Tony Capaldi, Norwegian–Northern Irish footballer
- 1981 - Djibril Cissé, French footballer
- 1982 - Boban Grnčarov, Macedonian footballer
- 1982 - Alexandros Tzorvas, Greek footballer
- 1983 - Klaas-Jan Huntelaar, Dutch footballer
- 1983 - Kléber Giacomance de Souza Freitas, Brazilian footballer
- 1983 - Manoa Vosawai, Italian rugby player
- 1984 - Bryan Pata, American football player (d. 2006)
- 1985 - Danny Graham, English footballer
- 1985 - Franck Moutsinga, German rugby player
- 1986 - Andrei Agius, Maltese footballer
- 1986 - Kyle Arrington, American football player
- 1987 - Vanessa Watts, West Indian cricketer
- 1988 - Tyson Fury, English boxer
- 1988 - Matt Gillett, Australian rugby league player
- 1989 - Tom Cleverley, English footballer
- 1989 - Hong Jeong-ho, South Korean footballer
- 1989 - Sunye, South Korean singer[33]
- 1990 - Mario Balotelli, Italian footballer
- 1990 - Marvin Zeegelaar, Dutch footballer
- 1990 - Martin Zurawsky, German footballer
- 1991 - Jesinta Campbell, Australian model
- 1991 - Sam Hoare, Australian rugby league player
- 1991 - Khris Middleton, American basketball player[34]
- 1991 - LaKeith Stanfield, American actor and musician
- 1992 - Cara Delevingne, English model and actress[35]
- 1992 - Jacob Loko, Australian rugby player
- 1992 - Teo Gheorghiu, Swiss pianist and actor
- 1993 - Ewa Farna, Czech singer-songwriter
- 1993 - Luna, South Korean singer, actress and presenter[36]
- 1994 - Ian Happ, American baseball player[37]
- 1996 - Choi Yu-jin, South Korean singer and actress[38]
- 1996 - Julio Urías, Mexican baseball player
- 1996 - Arthur Melo, Brazilian footballer[39]
- 1996 - Samuel Moutoussamy, Congolese footballer[40]
- 1998 - Stefanos Tsitsipas, Greek tennis player
- 1999 - Matthijs de Ligt, Dutch footballer
- 1999 - Dream, American YouTuber[41]
- 1999 - Jule Niemeier, German tennis player[42]
- 2000 - Tristan Charpentier, French racing driver[43]
- 2001 - Dixie D'Amelio, American social media personality and singer[44]
Deaths
Pre-1600
- 30 BC - Cleopatra, Egyptian queen (b. 69 BC)
- 792 - Jænberht, archbishop of Canterbury
- 875 - Louis II, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 825)
- 960 - Li Gu, chancellor of Later Zhou (b. 903)
- 961 - Yuan Zong, emperor of Southern Tang (b. 916)
- 1222 - Vladislaus III, duke of Bohemia
- 1295 - Charles Martel, king of Hungary (b. 1271)
- 1319 - Rudolf I, duke of Bavaria (b. 1274)
- 1315 - Guy de Beauchamp, 10th Earl of Warwick, English nobleman
- 1335 - Prince Moriyoshi, Japanese shōgun (b. 1308)
- 1399 - Demetrius I Starshy, Prince of Trubczewsk (in battle) (b. 1327)
- 1424 - Yongle, emperor of the Ming Empire (b. 1360)
- 1484 - Sixtus IV, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 1414)[45]
- 1546 - Francisco de Vitoria, Spanish theologian (b. 1492)
- 1577 - Thomas Smith, English scholar and diplomat (b. 1513)
- 1588 - Alfonso Ferrabosco the elder, Italian-English composer (b. 1543)
1601–1900
- 1602 - Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak, Mughal vizier and historian (b. 1551)
- 1612 - Giovanni Gabrieli, Italian organist and composer (b. 1557)
- 1638 - Johannes Althusius, German jurist and philosopher (b. 1557)
- 1674 - Philippe de Champaigne, Belgian-French painter and educator (b. 1602)
- 1689 - Pope Innocent XI (b. 1611)
- 1778 - Peregrine Bertie, 3rd Duke of Ancaster and Kesteven, English general and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Lincolnshire (b. 1714)
- 1809 - Mikhail Kamensky, Russian field marshal (b. 1738)
- 1810 - Étienne Louis Geoffroy, French pharmacist and entomologist (b. 1725)
- 1822 - Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh, Irish-English politician, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (b. 1769)
- 1827 - William Blake, English poet and painter (b. 1757)[46]
- 1829 - Charles Sapinaud de La Rairie, French general (b. 1760)
- 1848 - George Stephenson, English engineer and academic (b. 1781)
- 1849 - Albert Gallatin, Swiss-American ethnologist, linguist, and politician, 4th United States Secretary of the Treasury (b. 1761)
- 1861 - Eliphalet Remington, American inventor and businessman, founded Remington Arms (b. 1793)
- 1864 - Sakuma Shōzan, Japanese scholar and politician (b. 1811)
- 1865 - William Jackson Hooker, English botanist and academic (b. 1785)
- 1891 - James Russell Lowell, American poet and critic (b. 1819)
- 1896 - Thomas Chamberlain, American colonel (b. 1841)
- 1900 - Wilhelm Steinitz, Austrian chess player and theoretician (b. 1836)
1901–present
- 1901 - Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld, Finnish-Swedish botanist, geologist, mineralogist, and explorer (b. 1832)
- 1904 - William Renshaw, English tennis player (b. 1861)
- 1914 - John Philip Holland, Irish engineer, designed (b. 1840)
- 1918 - William Thompson, American archer (b. 1848)
- 1921 - Pyotr Boborykin, Russian playwright and journalist (b. 1836)
- 1922 - Arthur Griffith, Irish journalist and politician, 3rd President of Dáil Éireann (b. 1871)
- 1924 - Sándor Bródy, Hungarian journalist and author (b. 1863)
- 1928 - Leoš Janáček, Czech composer and educator (b. 1854)
- 1934 - Hendrik Petrus Berlage, Dutch architect, designed the Beurs van Berlage (b. 1856)
- 1935 - Friedrich Schottky, German mathematician and academic (b. 1851)
- 1940 - Nikolai Triik, Estonian painter, illustrator, and academic (b. 1884)
- 1941 - Freeman Freeman-Thomas, 1st Marquess of Willingdon, English soldier and politician, 56th Governor General of Canada (b. 1866)
- 1941 - Bobby Peel, English cricketer and umpire (b. 1857)
- 1943 - Vittorio Sella, Italian photographer and mountaineer (b. 1859)
- 1944 - Joseph P. Kennedy Jr., American lieutenant and pilot (b. 1915)
- 1944 - Jacques Pellegrin, French zoologist (b. 1873)[47]
- 1952 - David Bergelson, Ukrainian author and playwright (b. 1884)
- 1955 - Thomas Mann, German author and critic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1875)
- 1955 - James B. Sumner, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1887)
- 1959 - Mike O'Neill, Irish-American baseball player and manager (b. 1877)
- 1964 - Ian Fleming, English spy, journalist, and author (b. 1908)[48]
- 1966 - Artur Alliksaar, Estonian poet and author (b. 1923)
- 1967 - Esther Forbes, American historian and author (b. 1891)[49]
- 1973 - Walter Rudolf Hess, Swiss physiologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1881)
- 1973 - Karl Ziegler, German chemist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1898)
- 1976 - Tom Driberg, British politician/journalist (b. 1905)[50]
- 1978 - John Williams, English motorcycle racer (b. 1946)
- 1979 - Ernst Boris Chain, German-Irish biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1906)
- 1982 - Henry Fonda, American actor (b. 1905)
- 1982 - Salvador Sánchez, Mexican boxer (b. 1959)
- 1983 - Theodor Burchardi, German admiral (b. 1892)
- 1984 - Ladi Kwali, Nigerian potter (b. 1925)[51]
- 1985 - Kyu Sakamoto, Japanese singer-songwriter (b. 1941)
- 1985 - Manfred Winkelhock, German race car driver (b. 1951)
- 1986 - Evaline Ness, American author and illustrator (b. 1911)
- 1988 - Jean-Michel Basquiat, American painter (b. 1960)
- 1989 - Aimo Koivunen, Finnish soldier and corporal (b. 1917)[52]
- 1989 - William Shockley, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1910)
- 1990 - Dorothy Mackaill, English-American actress (b. 1903)
- 1992 - John Cage, American composer and theorist (b. 1912)
- 1996 - Victor Ambartsumian, Georgian-Armenian astrophysicist and academic (b. 1908)
- 1996 - Mark Gruenwald, American author and illustrator (b. 1953)
- 1997 - Jack Delano, American photographer and composer (b. 1914)
- 1999 - Jean Drapeau, Canadian lawyer and politician, 37th Mayor of Montreal (b. 1916)
- 2000 - Gennady Lyachin, Russian captain (b. 1955)
- 2000 - Loretta Young, American actress (b. 1913)[53]
- 2002 - Enos Slaughter, American baseball player and manager (b. 1916)
- 2004 - Godfrey Hounsfield, English biophysicist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1919)
- 2005 - John Loder, English sound engineer and producer, founded Southern Studios (b. 1946)
- 2006 - Victoria Gray Adams, American civil rights activist (b. 1926)
- 2007 - Merv Griffin, American actor, singer, and producer, created Jeopardy! and Wheel of Fortune (b. 1925)
- 2007 - Mike Wieringo, American author and illustrator (b. 1963)
- 2008 - Christie Allen, English-Australian singer (b. 1954)
- 2008 - Helge Hagerup, Norwegian playwright, poet and novelist (b. 1933)
- 2009 - Les Paul, American guitarist and songwriter (b. 1915)
- 2010 - Isaac Bonewits, American Druid, author, and activist; founded Ár nDraíocht Féin (b. 1949)
- 2010 - Guido de Marco, Maltese lawyer and politician, 6th President of Malta (b. 1931)
- 2010 - Richie Hayward, American drummer and songwriter (b. 1946)
- 2010 - André Kim, South Korean fashion designer (b. 1935)
- 2011 - Robert Robinson, English journalist and author (b. 1927)
- 2012 - Jimmy Carr, American football player and coach (b. 1933)
- 2012 - Jerry Grant, American race car driver (b. 1935)
- 2012 - Joe Kubert, Polish-American illustrator, founded The Kubert School (b. 1926)
- 2012 - Édgar Morales Pérez, Mexican engineer and politician
- 2012 - Alf Morris, English politician and activist (b. 1928)[54]
- 2013 - Tereza de Arriaga, Portuguese painter (b. 1915)
- 2013 - Hans-Ekkehard Bob, German soldier and pilot (b. 1917)
- 2013 - Pauline Maier, American historian and academic (b. 1938)
- 2013 - David McLetchie, Scottish lawyer and politician (b. 1952)
- 2013 - Vasiliy Mihaylovich Peskov, Russian ecologist and journalist (b. 1930)
- 2014 - Lauren Bacall, American model, actress, and singer (b. 1924)
- 2014 - Futatsuryū Jun'ichi, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1950)
- 2014 - Kongō Masahiro, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1948)
- 2015 - Jaakko Hintikka, Finnish philosopher and academic (b. 1929)
- 2015 - Stephen Lewis, English actor and screenwriter (b. 1926)
- 2015 - Meshulim Feish Lowy, Hungarian-Canadian rabbi and author (b. 1921)
- 2015 - John Scott, English organist and conductor (b. 1956)
- 2016 - Juan Pedro de Miguel, Spanish handball player (b. 1958)
- 2017 - Bryan Murray, Canadian ice hockey coach (b. 1942)
- 2019 - DJ Arafat, Ivorian DJ and singer (b. 1986)
- 2020 - Bill Yeoman, American college football player and coach (b. 1927)[55]
- 2021 - Una Stubbs, English actress, TV personality, and dancer (b. 1937)[56]
- 2024 – Kim Kahana, American actor and stunt performer (b. 1929)[57]
Holidays and observances
External links
Notes and References
- Book: John France. Victory in the East: A Military History of the First Crusade. 1994. Cambridge University Press. 978-0-521-58987-1. 362.
- Book: R. C. Smail. Crusading Warfare 1097–1193. 1956. CUP Archive. 978-0-521-09730-7. 183.
- Book: Eric Christiansen. The Northern Crusades. 1997. Penguin Books Limited. 978-0-14-193736-6. 159–.
- http://www.anjala-seura.info/anjalan_liitto/Untitled-1.htm Anjalan liitto – Anjala-seura
- The Invention That Spawned a Fashion Revolution . Time . 26 June 2020.
- Web site: Echo satellite . Encyclopedia Britannica . 26 June 2020 . en.
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