| Native Name: | Августовская губерния |
| Conventional Long Name: | Augustów Governorate |
| Common Name: | Augustów |
| Subdivision: | Governorate |
| Nation: | Congress Poland |
| Year Start: | 1837 |
| Year End: | 1867 |
| P1: | Augustów Voivodeship |
| Flag P1: | Military ensign of Vistula Flotilla of Congress Poland.svg |
| S1: | Łomża Governorate |
| Flag S1: | Flag of the Russian Empire (black-yellow-white).svg |
| S2: | Suwałki Governorate |
| Flag S2: | Flag of the Russian Empire (black-yellow-white).svg |
| Capital: | Suwałki |
| Today: | Poland Lithuania Belarus¹ |
| Footnotes: | ¹ Sopoćkinie area |
Augustów Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of Congress Poland of the Russian Empire.
It was created in 1837 from the Augustów Voivodship, and had the same borders and capital (Suwałki) as the voivodship. In 1867 territories of the Augustów Governorate and the Płock Governorate were divided into a smaller Płock Governorate, Suwałki Governorate (consisting mostly of the Augustów Governorate territories) and recreated Łomża Governorate.
It was divided into 7 powiats:
After 1918, the southern one-third of the governorate was included in Poland, the rest falling to Lithuania.