Symphyotrichum laeve explained

Symphyotrichum laeve (formerly Aster laevis) is a flowering plant native to Canada, the United States, and Coahuila (Mexico). It has the common names of smooth blue aster, smooth aster, smooth-leaved aster, glaucous Michaelmas-daisy and glaucous aster.

Description

Smooth aster is 20to tall. Its leaves are arranged alternately on the stems, and their shape varies among lanceolate, oblong-ovate, oblong-obovate, and ovate. They measure from 3to long and from 1to wide. They are usually hairless, and the leaf edges are entire or bluntly or sharply toothed (crenate or serrate), sometimes with smaller teeth (serrulate).

The flower heads are arranged in clusters (panicles). Each flower head has 13 to 23 ray florets with pale to dark blue or purple petals (laminae), and 19 to 33 disc florets that start out yellow and eventually turn purplish-red. The whole flowerhead measures NaNto across.

The seeds are cypselae with pappi (bristles at their tips). Like the hairs on dandelion seeds, the pappi allow the seeds to be spread by the wind.

Taxonomy

There are four varieties: Symphyotrichum laeve var. laeve, S. laeve var. geyeri (Geyer's aster), S. laeve var. concinnum, and S. laeve var. purpuratum.

Hybrids with this species and others of the genus have been reported, including three named as follows:

Symphyotrichum × gravesii between S. laeve var. laeve and S. dumosum;
Symphyotrichum × versicolor between S. laeve var. laeve and S. novi-belgii var. novi-belgii; and,
Symphyotrichum × woldenii between S. laeve var. laeve and S. praealtum, which instead may be between S. oolentangiense and S. praealtum.

Distribution and habitat

Symphyotrichum laeve varieties are native to Canada, the United States, and Coahuila (Mexico). The species is introduced in Québec and New Brunswick.

S. laeve grows in fields, open woods, and along roadsides in rocky or dry soil and full sun.

Ecology

Symphyotrichum laeve blooms in late summer and early fall. It is pollinated by many native bees and attracts butterflies. It is a larval host for the pearl crescent butterfly (Phyciodes tharos).

References

Web site: Brouillet . L. . Luc Brouillet. Desmet . P. . Coursol . F. . Meades . S.J. . Favreau . M. . Anions . M. . Bélisle . P. . Gendreau . C. . Shorthouse . D. . 4 September 2020 . Symphyotrichum laeve (Linnaeus) Á. Löve & D. Löve . data.canadensys.net. Database of Vascular Plants of Canada (VASCAN). en. 14 September 2021.
20. Astereae. 2006. Brouillet . L. . Luc Brouillet. Semple . J.C. . John C. Semple. Allen . G.A. . Geraldine A. Allen. Chambers . K.L. . Kenton Lee Chambers. Sundberg . S.D. . Scott D. Sundberg. en. 14 September 2021.
BSBI. 2007. 17 October 2014.
Web site: Evergreen. 2014. Plant Detail: Symphyotrichum laeve (smooth blue aster, smooth aster). Native Plant Database (nativeplants.evergreen.ca). Evergreen. Toronto, Ontario. https://web.archive.org/web/20170202054041/https://nativeplants.evergreen.ca/search/view-plant.php?ID=00125 . 2 February 2017. en. 27 January 2017.
2016. J.. . Illinois Wildflowers (www.illinoiswildflowers.info). 30 September 2016.
Web site: Missouri Botanical Garden . Missouri Botanical Garden. n.d.. Symphyotrichum laeve - Missouri Botanical Garden Plant Finder. www.missouribotanicalgarden.org. St. Louis. en. 27 January 2017.
Web site: NatureServe . NatureServe. 2 July 2021. Symphyotrichum laeve Smooth Blue Aster . explorer.natureserve.org. Arlington, Virginia. en. 17 July 2021.
Web site: POWO . Plants of the World Online. 2019. Symphyotrichum laeve (L.) Á.Löve & D.Löve. powo.science.kew.org. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. en. 17 July 2021.
Web site: TWC Staff. 2017. Symphyotrichum laeve. Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center (www.wildflower.org). University of Texas at Austin. en. 27 January 2017.
. 2014. SYLA3. Symphyotrichum laeve. en. 6 December 2015.