| Native Name: | Ahaba |
| Settlement Type: | City |
| Nickname: | Ani Mmili |
| Pushpin Map: | Nigeria |
| Pushpin Relief: | 1 |
| Coordinates: | 6.1833°N 50°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | Nigeria |
| Subdivision Type1: | State |
| Subdivision Name1: | Delta State |
| Subdivision Type2: | LGA |
| Subdivision Name2: | Oshimili South |
| Founder: | Nnebisi |
| Parts Type: | Quarters |
| Leader Title: | Asagba (Ceremonial) |
| Leader Name: | Prof. Chike Edozien |
| Area Total Km2: | 268 |
| Elevation Min Point: | Niger River |
| Elevation Min M: | 40 |
| Elevation M: | 55 |
| Population Footnotes: | [1] |
| Elevation Max M: | 201 |
| Population Total: | 149603 |
| Population As Of: | 2006 census |
| Population Est: | 176,060[2] |
| Pop Est As Of: | 2011 |
| Population Urban: | 500000 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Population Demonym: | Asaban |
| Timezone: | West Africa Time |
| Utc Offset: | +1 |
| Blank Name: | Climate |
| Blank Info: | Aw |
| Asaba | |
Asaba[3] (Igbo: Ahaba) is the capital of Delta State, Nigeria. A rapidly growing city, it is located at the western bank of the Niger River, in the Oshimili South Local Government Area.[4] [5] Asaba had a population of 149,603 as at the 2006 census,[1] and a fast growing metropolitan population of over half a million people.[6]
In some respects, Asaba and neighboring Onitsha in Anambra form a continuous metropolitan area. The First and Second Niger bridges form the boundary between Delta and Anambra, the Niger’s relatively centralized location in this region recognizes it as the geopolitical border between Eastern and Western Nigeria.
In October 2023, Asaba joined the UNESCO Creative Cities Network and was named a UNESCO City of Film.[7]
Originally, Asaba consisted of nine Igbo quarters but due to internal strife, wars with other communities and slave trade that followed, these quarters were reduced to only 5. https://www.ibusa.net/asaba-delta%20state.htmThe Igbo quarters are:
The city of Asaba was once the colonial capital of the Southern Nigeria Protectorate.[8] It was founded in 1884.[9] Between 1886 and 1900, it hosted the Royal Niger Company, which the British authorities set up to stimulate trade and the exportation of goods to England.
Owing to Asaba's influential history and geography, and current strategic political and economic influence in Nigeria, Asaba is generally known as the regional capital of the Anioma area and its peoples.[10] The clamor for creation of Anioma state has been going on for decades. Today, the Asaba area is the ancestral homelands for various Anioma peoples.
Asaba is from the exclamation Ahabam, meaning "I have chosen well", a quote from the Nnebisi, the founding father of Asaba.[11] [4]
Asaba is situated on a terrace of the lower Niger River, overlooking the point where the Anambra River flows into it. Beyond the river banks, on the high plains which are far more extensive than the river basins, secondary forest vegetation flourishes.[4] Although the current city lies just north of a marshy floodplain, expansive swaths of undulating, hilly terrain rises west and east of the main city with heights of up to 200m above sea level. The historic Niger River is a trans-African link beginning from West Africa and down into the Atlantic Ocean. Asaba forms a connector between western, eastern and northern Nigeria through the Niger River from the north and via the Asaba Niger Bridge, an east–west link and a Nigerian landmark.
Asaba lies approximately 6 degrees north of the equator and about the same distance east of the meridian; about 100miles north of where the River Niger flows into the Atlantic Ocean.[4] The greater Asaba metro occupies an area of about 300 square kilometers. while the area is noticeably drier than the southern areas, the city and the communities of Oshimili South in inclusion maintain an average tropical temperature of 32 °C during the dry season and an average fertile rainfall of 106inches during the rainy season.
Greater Asaba incorporates some of the other neighboring towns and communities such as Igbuzor, Okpanam, Anwai, Iyiba, Oko, Okwe and Ugbolu on the western section of the Niger River. Notable flora of the city the surrounding regions would be the Sapele tree.
A city with a storied past, Asaba culture is heavily influenced by the neighboring Igbo, Igala and Bini peoples. Asaba is culturally led by the revered Asagba of Asaba, to whom the leaders (individually referred to as the “Diokpa”) of each of the five settlement quarters report directly on matters affecting the community.[4] [12] The Asagba is assisted by the Iyasele of Asaba [Iyase] who is the customary Prime Minister as well as a council of chiefs and elders [Olinzele, Otu Ihaza, Oloto etc.]
Popular native greetings in Asaba are:
The mean yearly temperature that is recorded in Asaba is about 26.8 °C | 80.2 °F. About 1331 mm | 52.4 inch of precipitation falls annually in asaba[13]
Asaba's climate change is causing a colder climate with a positive temperature trend, while horizontal trends indicate a decreasing trend.[14]
In Asaba, the wet season is warm, oppressive, and overcast and the dry season is hot, muggy, and partly cloudy. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 67°F to 89°F and is rarely below 60°F or above 92°F. Based on the beach/pool score, the best time of year to visit Asaba for hot-weather activities is from late November to late January.[15] [16] [17]
The average hourly wind speed in Asaba experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.The windier part of the year lasts for 3.9 months, from May 31 to September 27, with average wind speeds of more than 5.8 miles per hour. The windiest month of the year in Asaba is August, with an average hourly wind speed of 7.3 miles per hour. The calmer time of year lasts for 8.1 months, from September 27 to May 31. The calmest month of the year in Asaba is November, with an average hourly wind speed of 4.2 miles per hour.[18] [19]
In Asaba, the average percentage of the sky covered by clouds experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year. The clearer part of the year in Asaba begins around mid November and lasts for 3 months on average, ending around mid February. The clearest month of the year in Asaba is December, during which on average the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 46% of the time. The cloudier part of the year begins around mid February as a result of the ITCZ system. and lasts for an average of 9 months, ending around mid November. The cloudiest month of the year in Asaba is May, during which on average the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy 85% of the time.[20] Due to the Harmattan, the dry season is accompanied with a lot of dust which impedes visibility mid December-February.
Asaba experiences extreme seasonal variation in the perceived humidity. The more humid period of the year lasts during the duration of the rainy season, from March to October. This a result of the ITCZ system pushing on humid south western trade winds. The month with the lowest humid days in Asaba is January.[21]
The Anioma people are the native population of Asaba. However, the city also houses a number of other ethnicities including the neighboring Igbo people from the East and people from other ethnic groups native to and surrounding Delta State.
Since becoming the administrative capital of Delta State, Asaba has grown in population to over half a million people. Today, it maintains a cosmopolitan population representative of the diverse cultures in Delta State and across Nigeria.[12]
Asaba is an administrative area and seat of government established during the time of the Royal Niger Company (now UACN), and is the administrative capital of Delta state. Thus civil service leads the economy and economic activities of the city's inhabitants. The Nigerian government through the administration of Samuel Ogbemudia established the Asaba Textile Mills[22] and a power substation at Asaba. The city of Asaba hosts some pharmaceutical companies that manufacture medicines and there is also a steel mill within the city. Tourism also attracts revenue into the city, which has resulted to a booming hospitality business. In 2023, the Film Village was opened officially in hopes of boosting the already growing Nollywood entertainment industry in the city. The city is linked by the A232 to Benin city and South-West and Northern regions. Currently, the city is working on the construction of the Second Niger Bridge, linking it to the South-East and reducing commuting times between itself and neighboring towns in the west and across the Niger.
There are three major markets in Asaba: Ogbe-Ogonogo Market, Cable Point Market, Infant Jesus Market, Iyanga Market and Wazobia Commodity Market
The Stephen Keshi Stadium at Asaba, which has undergone recent renovations, has hosted several international competitions and soccer events since it was upgraded by the administration of Senator Dr. Ifeanyi Arthur Okowa and commissioned by Nigeria's former president Olusegun Obasanjo.[23] The stadium is the home of Delta Force FC.
The city of Asaba and neighboring cities are accessible by air through the Asaba International Airport located just outside of the main city on the A232.[24] [25]
Asaba International Airport was commissioned in 2011 by Delta State Government.https://hotels.ng/places/airport/538-asaba-international-airport
The A232, more known as the Asaba-Benin Expressway is an important roadway which connects parts of eastern Nigeria with western Nigeria. The Ogwashi Uku-Ughelli road which has undergone extensive expansion also connects areas of Asaba with the Ndokwa country, Ughelli and the southern part of the state, while the Asaba-Ebu road historically connects the city with northern Nigeria. Construction has been undertaken south of Oko to build an expressway linking the city to the Second Niger Bridge which has already been completed. The bridge serves to reduce traffic congestion along the First Niger Bridge and the A232.
Asaba is served by water transportation available through the Niger River, which surrounds the easternmost stretches of the city. Until the commissioning of the First Niger bridge, the main transportation means across the Niger were ferry services were provided across to Onitsha via Cable point. The city is also planned to be serviced by the neighboring Onitsha port located south of the city.