Arzacq-Arraziguet Explained

Arzacq-Arraziguet
Commune Status:	Commune
Image Coat Of Arms:	Blason ville fr Arzacq-Arraziguet (Pyrénées-Atlantiques).svg
Arrondissement:	Pau
Canton:	Artix et Pays de Soubestre
Insee:	64063
Postal Code:	64410
Mayor:	Jean-Pierre Crabos^[1]
Term:	2020 - 2026
Intercommunality:	CC Luys Béarn
Coordinates:	43.5367°N -0.4114°W
Elevation M:	224
Elevation Min M:	95
Elevation Max M:	238
Area Km2:	15.26

Arzacq-Arraziguet (in French pronounced as /aʁzak aʁaziɡɛ/; Occitan (post 1500);: Arsac) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of south-western France.

Geography

Arzacq-Arraziguet is located in the north-east of the department and of Béarn, 30 km north of Pau and 40 km south of Mont-de-Marsan. The northern and north-eastern border of the commune is the border between the departments of Pyrénées-Atlantiques and Landes. Access to the commune is by the D944 road from Méracq in the south passing through the town and continuing north to Samadet. The D946 road comes from Morlanne in the west passing through the length of the commune and the town and continuing east to join the D834 just south of Garlin. The D246 branches off the D946 in the centre of the commune and goes north-west to join the D45 north of Piets-Plasence-Moustrou. The commune is mostly farmland but with many forests mainly towards the west.^[2]

The Louts river passes through the commune from south-east to north-west where it continues north-west to eventually join the Adour on the border of the commune of Préchacq-les-Bains. The Arriou river rises in the south of the commune and flows north-west parallel to the Louts joining it north of the commune. The Luy de France forms the south-western border of the commune as it flows north-west to eventually join the Luy north of Castel-Sarrazin.^[2]

Places and Hamlets

• L'Abattoir
• Barot
• Borde
• La Borde
• Brioulou
• Castéra
• Castetber
• Chatou
• Collongues
• Couillet
• Coutet
• Cruhot
• Cussou
• Gaillat
• Gariman
• Gibardéou
• Glesia
• Gouaillard
• Higuères
• Hournas
• Jouanlanne
• Labère
• Labus
• Lacoste
• Lafitte (two places)
• Lafounta
• Lafume
• Lahon
• Lanot
• Larribaou
• Lasterrières
• Laulhé
• Lhamounet
• Licorne
• Loué
• Loustalet
• Massou
• Millet
• Nabailh
• Naude
• Ninot
• Piarrot
• Pifre
• Pigat
• Pountet
• Pouy
• Rouquet
• Roux
• Salles
• Sicut
• Sobole
• Ten
• Tristan
• Vialé^[3]

^[4]

Neighbouring communes and villages

^[2]

Toponymy

The name Arraziguet appears in the form:

• Raviguet (1793 or Year II) and was not shown on the Cassini Map of 1750.^[5]

Michel Grosclaude^[5] indicated that the origin of the name is arrasic ("root" in Gascon), with the collective suffix -etum added giving "cluster of roots or stumps".

The name Arzacq appears in the forms:

• Arsac (1385,^[5] Census of Béarn^[6]),

Lo marcat d'Arsac (1542,^[7] Reformation of Béarn B. 736^[8]), at which time it came to Soule and Lower Navarre,

• Arzac (1620,^[5] related to a journey by Louis XIII to Pau), and
• Arzac on the Cassini Map in 1750^{[5] [9]}

Its name in béarnais is Arsac. The name is of Gallo-Roman origin - the name of a former owner ("Domain of Arsius").^{[5] [10]}

Cherre was a hamlet in Arzacq, mentioned by the dictionary of 1863.^[11]

The name Vialé appears in the form Le Vialé in the 1863 dictionary.^[12]

History

On 14 and 15 October 1620, Louis XIII stopped in Arzacq on his way to Pau. The two aldermen of the town were then Pierre Dubern and Dominique de Meylon. In 1790 the Canton of Arzacq comprised the same communes as today except the village of Riumayou, but including the commune of Momas.

Arraziguet was merged with Arzacq on 7 September 1845.^[13]

Heraldry

Administration

List of Successive Mayors^[14]

From	To	Name
1995	2020	Henri Fam
2020	2026	Jean-Pierre Crabos

Inter-communality

The commune is part of three inter-communal structures:^[15]

• the Communauté de communes des Luys en Béarn;
• the AEP association of Arzacq;
• the Energy association of Pyrénées-Atlantiques;

Twinning

Arzacq-Arraziguet has twinning associations with:^[16]

• Schwarzach (Germany) since 1995.
• Luna (Spain) since 2004.

Demography

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Arzacquois or Arzacquoises in French.^[17]

Culture and Heritage

Civil heritage

The Gallo-Roman period in the commune was the subject of a study by the Ministry of Culture.^[3]

There are many buildings in Arzacq-Arraziguet of many types which are registered as historical monuments. These are:

• Lavoir or Public laundry at Labère (19th century)^[18] One of the first requirements at any Bastide was an ample supply of water. The Lavoir or Public laundry at Labère is oddly located several miles from the town in the open countryside. ^[19]
• Presbytery House at Place du Marcadieu (19th century)^[20]
• Mimbielle House at Place du Marcadieu (18th century)^[21]
• Post Office at Place du Marcadieu (19th century)^[22]
• House at Place du Marcadieu (18th century)^[23]
• Butchery at Place de la République (15th, 16th, & 20th centuries)^[24]
• House at Place de la République (15th, 16th, & 19th centuries)^[25]
• Cafe at Place de la République (15th, 16th, 18th, & 19th centuries)^[26]
• War Memorial (First World War)^[27]
• House at Place de la République (18th & 19th centuries)^[28]
• House at Place de la République (19th century)^[29]
• Houses and Farms^[30]
• Motte la Tourette Fortified complex (10th-14th centuries).^[31] It includes a church, an outer courtyard, a mound, a moat, and an outer wall.
• Farms dating to the 19th century:
  • Farm at Castetber,^[32]
  • Farm at Gibardéou,^[33]
  • Farm at Cruhot,^[34]
  • Farm at Salles,^[35]
  • Farm at Tristan.^[36]

The Town Hall has a painting by Paul Mirat depicting the arrival of Louis XIII at Arzacq on 14 October 1620 which is registered as an historical object.^[37]

There is a Museum of Ham in Arzacq which traces the history of Bayonne ham.

Religious heritage

The Church of Saint-Pierre (19th century)^[38] is registered as a historical monument.

The church contains many items which are registered as historical objects. These are:

• Cross: Christ on the Cross (16th century)^{[39] [40]}
• Statue: Virgin and child (16th century)^[41]
• 23 Stained glass windows (19th century)^[42]
• Choir enclosure (19th century)^[43]
• Altar, Altar seating, Tabernacle (19th century)^[44]
• Group Sculpture: Virgin and child surrounded by angels (15th century)^[45]
• Baptismal fonts (18th century)^[46]
• Stoup (16th century)^[47]
• Furniture in the Church^[48]
• Furniture in the Church (Supplementary list)^[49]

Arzacq-Arraziguet is a stage on the via Podiensis (or Way of Puy), one of the modern paths on the Way of St. James from Puy-en-Velay and continues to the Roncesvalles Pass and from there to Santiago de Compostela. This is why the blazon of the town has three escallops.

Environmental heritage

The town has a lake and two marked trails, one of which is labelled sentiers d'Émilie.^[50]

Facilities

EducationThe commune has an elementary school^[51] and a college.^[52] Arzacq also has a training establishment and a maternal assistance clinic.

Notable people linked to the commune

• Damien Catalogne, born at Arzacq in 1856 and died at Arzacq in 1934, was a French politician.
• Georges Visat, born on 2 January 1910, at Foce Di Mela (Corsica) and died on 2 February 2001 at Arzacq-Arraziguet, was an engraver, art editor, and French painter.

See also

• Communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department

External links

• Official commune website
• La bastide
• Arzacq-Arraziguet on Géoportail, National Geographic Institute (IGN) website
• Arzac on the 1750 Cassini Map

Notes and References

1. Web site: Répertoire national des élus: les maires. data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 2 December 2020. fr.
2. https://www.google.com/maps/place/Arzacq-Arraziguet/@43.5362206,-0.4156918,6617m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m2!3m1!1s0xd5668c05d9cd351:0x40665174813abd0?hl=en Google Maps
3. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
4. http://www.geoportail.gouv.fr/accueil?c=-0.4114,43.5367&z=7.92265E-5&l=GEOGRAPHICALGRIDSYSTEMS.MAPS.3D$GEOPORTAIL:OGC:WMTS@aggregate(1)&l=ADMINISTRATIVEUNITS.BOUNDARIES$GEOPORTAIL:OGC:WMTS(1)&permalink=yes Géoportail
5. [Michel Grosclaude]
6. Manuscript from the 14th century - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques
7. https://books.google.com/books?id=2TCHmbiipFIC Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees
8. Manuscript from the 16th to 18th centuries - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques
9. http://rumsey.geogarage.com/maps/cassinige.html?lat=43.5367&lon=-0.4114&zoom=13 Cassini Map 1750 - Arzac
10. http://www.arzacq-arraziguet.fr/tourisme/le-village/histoire.html History page on the Town Hall website
11. https://books.google.com/books?id=2TCHmbiipFIC Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees
12. https://books.google.com/books?id=2TCHmbiipFIC Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees
13. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
14. http://www.francegenweb.org/mairesgenweb/resultcommune.php?id=22169 List of Mayors of France
15. https://archive.today/20121218090203/http://comdpt.pyrenees-atlantiques.pref.gouv.fr/ComDpt64/ComGrp.php?siren=216400630&licom=Arzacq-Arraziguet Intercommunality of Pyrénées-Atlantiques
16. https://pastel.diplomatie.gouv.fr/cncdext/dyn/public/atlas/rechercheAtlasFrance.html National Commission for Decentralised cooperation
17. https://www.habitants.fr/pyrenees-atlantiques-64 Pyrénées-Atlantiques
18. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
19. Web site: Location: Arzacq-Arrasiguet - John Reps Bastides Collection Search Results. bastides.library.cornell.edu. 2016-05-09.
20. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
21. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
22. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
23. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
24. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
25. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
26. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
27. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
28. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
29. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
30. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
31. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
32. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
33. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
34. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
35. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
36. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
37. Ministry of Culture, Palissy
38. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
39. Ministry of Culture, Palissy
40. Ministry of Culture, Palissy
41. Ministry of Culture, Palissy
42. Ministry of Culture, Palissy
43. Ministry of Culture, Palissy
44. Ministry of Culture, Palissy
45. Ministry of Culture, Palissy
46. Ministry of Culture, Palissy
47. Ministry of Culture, Palissy
48. Ministry of Culture, Palissy
49. Ministry of Culture, Palissy
50. http://www.arzacq-arraziguet.fr/tourisme/a-visiter.html Tourism page on the commune website
51. http://www.arzacq-arraziguet.fr/education/etablissements/ecole-elementaire.html Elementary School on the commune website
52. http://www.arzacq-arraziguet.fr/education/etablissements/college.html College of Arzacq on the commune website