The montane water vole (Arvicola scherman) is a species of vole found throughout Europe, from the mountains of northern Spain through central Europe and eastwards through to central Romania. Initially regarded as a species, it was reassigned as a subspecies of terrestris before being again designated as a species by Panteleyev in 2000. The American Society of Mammalogists treats it as a synonym of Arvicola amphibius.