Five Articles of Perth explained

The Five Articles of Perth was an attempt by King James VI of Scotland to impose practices on the Church of Scotland in an attempt to integrate it with those of the Church of England.^[1] This move was unpopular with those Scots who held Reformed views on worship, and with those who supported presbyterian church governance.

Summary

The articles required

• kneeling during communion
• private baptism
• private communion for the sick or infirm
• confirmation by a bishop
• the observance of Holy Days "enjoined the ministers to celebrate the festivals of Christmas and Easter" (see Christmas in Scotland)^[2]

Reception

The articles met with a mixed reception.^[3] The Secession historian Thomas M'Crie tries to hint at the leading objections against them.^[4] Others like Robert Baillie accepted the liturgical changes even elaborating an exhaustive defence of kneeling at communion in protracted correspondence with David Dickson, the minister for the parish of Irvine.The articles were reluctantly accepted by the General Assembly of the Church at Perth in 1618, and were not ratified by the Scottish Parliament until July 1621; it was known by some as Black Saturday and was accompanied by a thunderstorm.^[5] The approving Act was repealed by the Confession of Faith Ratification Act 1690.In 1619 the Pilgrims who were in exile in Leiden published a critical tract about the Five Articles, entitled the Perth Assembly, which nearly led to William Brewster's arrest.^[6]

See also

• Bishops' Wars
• Episcopalianism in the Church of Scotland

External links

• Schaff-Herzog article

Further reading

• Alan R.MacDonald, "James VI and I, the Church of Scotland, and British Ecclesiastical Convergence," Historical Journal, 48 (2005), 885–903.
• Laura A.M.Stewart, "'Brothers in treuth': Propaganda, Public Opinion and the Perth Articles Debate in Scotland," in Ralph Houlbrooke, ed. James VI and I: Ideas, Authority and Government (Ashgate: Aldershot, 2006), 151–68.
• Jenny Wormald, "The Headaches of Monarchy: Kingship and the Kirk in the Early Seventeenth Century" in Julian Goodare and Alasdair A.MacDonald, eds., Sixteenth Century Scotland: Essays in Honour of Michael Lynch (Brill: Leiden, 2008), 367–93.

Notes and References

1. Book: Kishlansky. Mark. A monarchy transformed : Britain 1603-1714. 1997. Penguin Books. London. 978-0-14-014827-5. 130. registration.
2. Web site: The Five Articles of Perth (1618). The Reformed Presbyterian Church. Reformation History. 2010. 9 August 2021.
3. Book: Mackay . P. H. R. . The reception given to the Five Articles of Perth . 1977 . Scottish Church History Society . Edinburgh .
4. Book: M'Crie . Thomas . The story of the Scottish church : from the Reformation to the Disruption . 1875 . Blackie & Son . London . 113-117. Thomas M'Crie the younger.
5. Stewart. Laura A. M.. The Political Repercussions of the Five Articles of Perth: A Reassessment of James VI and I's Religious Policies in Scotland. The Sixteenth Century Journal. 2007. 38. 4. 1013–1036. 10.2307/20478626 . 20478626 .
6. Vol.43 No.4, Autumn 2009, pg 4 https://soulekindred.org/resources/Documents/Newsletters/PDF-Newsletters/Vol.-43-No.-4-Autumn-2009.pdf