| Arthur Peters | |
| Order: | 9th |
| Office: | Premier of Prince Edward Island |
| Predecessor: | Donald Farquharson |
| Successor: | Francis Haszard |
| Lieutenant Governor: | Peter Adolphus McIntyre Donald Alexander MacKinnon |
| Term Start: | December 29, 1901 |
| Term End: | January 29, 1908 |
| Office1: | Leader of the Prince Edward Island Liberal Party |
| Predecessor1: | Donald Farquharson |
| Successor1: | Francis Haszard |
| Term Start1: | December 29, 1901 |
| Term End1: | January 29, 1908 |
| Office2: | MLA (Assemblyman) for 2nd Kings |
| Predecessor2: | John P. Sullivan J.C. Underhay |
| Successor2: | Robert Cox |
| Term Start2: | December 13, 1893 |
| Term End2: | January 29, 1908 |
| Birth Date: | 29 August 1854 |
| Birth Place: | Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island |
| Death Place: | Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island |
| Nationality: | Canadian |
| Party: | Liberal |
| Relations: | Frederick Peters (brother) |
| Children: | 4 |
| Alma Mater: | Prince of Wales College King's College |
| Occupation: | lawyer |
| Profession: | Politician |
| Cabinet: | Attorney General (1900–1901) |
Arthur Peters (August 29, 1854 – January 29, 1908) was the ninth premier of Prince Edward Island.
Arthur Peters and his brother Frederick Peters (also destined to enter political office) were born in Charlottetown.
Arthur Peters was first elected to the province's legislative assembly in 1893 as a Liberal. He became Attorney-General in 1900 and was asked by the lieutenant governor to become premier of the province on December 29, 1901, after his predecessor had resigned to enter federal politics.
Peters attempted to renegotiate the rules governing the island's representation in the House of Commons of Canada as the island was losing parliamentary seats as a result of successive censuses. Peters argued the province's case before the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in London (though the matter was not resolved during his lifetime) and he also negotiated an increased federal subsidy to the province. Peters died in office on January 29, 1908, at the age of 53.