| Honorific-Prefix: | The Right Honourable |
| The Lord Stanmore | |
| Order: | 9th |
| Office: | Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick |
| Term Start: | 26 October 1861 |
| Term End: | 30 September 1866 |
| Predecessor: | John Manners Sutton |
| Successor: | Charles Hastings Doyle |
| Order2: | 19th |
| Office2: | Governor of Trinidad |
| Term Start2: | 7 November 1866 |
| Term End2: | 1870 |
| Monarch2: | Victoria |
| Predecessor2: | E. E. Bushworth |
| Successor2: | James Robert Longden |
| Order3: | 11th |
| Office3: | Governor of British Mauritius |
| Term Start3: | 21 February 1871 |
| Term End3: | 18 August 1874 |
| Monarch3: | Victoria |
| Predecessor3: | Sir Henry Barkly |
| Successor3: | Sir Arthur Phayre |
| Order4: | 1st |
| Office4: | High Commissioner for the Western Pacific |
| Term Start4: | June 1875 |
| Term End4: | January 1880 |
| Monarch4: | Victoria |
| Predecessor4: | Sir Hercules Robinson |
| Successor4: | Sir William Des Vœux |
| Order5: | 2nd |
| Office5: | Governor of Fiji |
| Term Start5: | June 1875 |
| Term End5: | January 1880 |
| Monarch5: | Victoria |
| Predecessor5: | Sir Hercules Robinson |
| Successor5: | Sir William Des Vœux |
| Order6: | 9th |
| Office6: | Governor of New Zealand |
| Term Start6: | 29 November 1880 |
| Term End6: | 24 June 1882 |
| Monarch6: | Victoria |
| Predecessor6: | Sir Hercules Robinson |
| Successor6: | Sir William Jervois |
| Order7: | 16th |
| Office7: | Governor of British Ceylon |
| Term Start7: | 3 December 1883 |
| Term End7: | 28 May 1890 |
| Predecessor7: | John Douglas |
| Successor7: | Arthur Havelock (Acting governor) |
| Monarch7: | Victoria |
| Birth Date: | 26 November 1829 |
| Birth Place: | London, England |
| Alma Mater: | Trinity College, Cambridge |
| Father: | George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen |
Arthur Charles Hamilton-Gordon, 1st Baron Stanmore (26 November 1829 – 30 January 1912) was a Scottish Liberal Party politician and colonial administrator. He had extensive contact with Prime Minister William Ewart Gladstone.
Gordon was born at Argyll House,[1] his family's townhouse in London, in 1829. He was the youngest son of George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen and his second wife, Harriet Douglas. His mother was the widow of Viscount Hamilton.
Gordon was educated privately and then at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he was President of the Cambridge Union Society in 1849.
After graduating in 1851, he worked as Assistant Private Secretary to the British Prime Minister (his father) between 1852 and 1855, and was a Member of Parliament (MP) for Beverley from 1854 to 1857. In 1875, the Fiji Islands were created a separate Colony, and Sir Arthur Gordon was appointed the first Governor and Commander-in-Chief of Fiji, until 1880. In connection with this he also received the appointment of Consul-General, and High Commissioner of the Western Pacific, but that gave little additional power. He held a number of colonial governorships:
He was appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG) in 1871, and a Knight Grand Cross of the same Order in 1878. He was created Baron Stanmore, of Great Stanmore, in the County of Middlesex on 21 August 1893.
In 1897, Lord Stanmore became the chairman of the Pacific Islands Company Ltd ('PIC'). Formed by John T. Arundel, PIC was based in London with its trading activities in the Pacific that involved mining phosphate rock on Banaba (then known as Ocean Island) and Nauru.[5] John T. Arundel and Lord Stanmore were responsible for financing the new opportunities and negotiating with the German company that controlled the licences to mine in Nauru. In 1902, the interests of PIC were merged with Jaluit Gesellschaft of Hamburg, to form the Pacific Phosphate Company, ('PPC') to engage in phosphate mining in Banaba and Nauru.[6]
Gordon's ethnographic collection from Fiji, which was assembled during his Governorship, was donated to the British Museum in 1878.[7]
He was appointed a member of the Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts in March 1900.
On 20 September 1865, Arthur Hamilton-Gordon, wed Rachel Emily Shaw Lefevre in London. The couple had a daughter and a son.
He was appointed a Deputy Lieutenant of Aberdeenshire in 1861.
Arthur Hamilton-Gordon, 1st Baron Stanmore died on 30 January 1912 in Chelsea, London.