Arthabaska County is an historical county founded in 1855[1] in central Quebec, Canada. Its county seat was Arthabaska and the main city was Victoriaville. It was bounded on the northeast by Mégantic County on the southeast Wolfe County, on the southwest by Drummond County and Richmond County and on the northwest by Nicolet County.It was formed from the townships of Warwick, Standold, Arthabaska, Chester-Est, Chester-Ouest and Tingwick, as well as part of the townships of Maddington, Blandford, Horton, Bulstrode, Simpson, and Aston.
In the early 1980s Quebec's counties were abolished and most of Arthabaska County became the Arthabaska Regional County Municipality. The northeastern part of the county was transferred to L'Érable Regional County Municipality.
The name of the county comes from the name of the township of Arthabaska, itself originating from the Cree language, in which it means "where there are reeds".[2]