Armigatus Explained

Armigatus is an extinct genus of marine clupeomorph fishes belonging to the order Ellimmichthyiformes.^[1] These fishes lived in the Cretaceous (Albian to Campanian, about 103-72 million years ago); their fossil remains have been found in Mexico, Europe, the Middle East and North Africa, suggesting the genus ranged across the Tethys Sea.

Etymology

The Latin generic epithet Armigatus, means bearer of armor. The specific epithet brevissimus signifies "shortest, smallest".

Description

Armigatus has an osteoglossid-like tooth patch, a large foramen in the anterior ceratohyal and a series of subtriangular dorsal scutes, giving rise to their scientific name.^[2]

Species

• †A. brevissimus (Blainville, 1818),^[3] the type species, from the Cenomanian of Lebanon (Hakel and Hajula in the Sannine Formation), Italy (Sicily), Slovenia (Komen), and Germany (Hesseltal Formation).^[4]
• †A. elatus (Costa, 1850) from the Albian Pietraroja Plattenkalk of Italy (=Histiurus elatus Costa, 1850)^[5]
• †A. namourensis Forey et al., 2003^[6] from Namoura, of the Sannine Formation in Lebanon.
• †A. alticorpus Forey et al., 2003 from Namoura and Hakel, of the Sannine Formation in Lebanon.
• †A. oligodentatus Vernygora and Murray, 2016^[7] from the Cenomanian/early Turonian Akrabou Formation of Morocco.
• †A. dalmaticus Murray et al., 2016 from the Campanian deposits of Dalmatia, Croatia.^[8]
• †A. carrenoae Alvarado-Ortega et al., 2020 from the Albian Tlayua Formation of Mexico.^[9]
• †A. felixi Than-Marchese et al., 2022 from the Albian Tlayua Formation of Mexico.
• †A. plinii Marramà & Carnevale, 2023 from the Albian Pietraroja Plattenkalk of Italy

Notes and References

1. Web site: PBDB Taxon . 2024-05-19 . paleobiodb.org.
2. Grande, L., 1982: A revision of the fossil genus †Diplomystus, with comments on the interrelationships of clupeomorph fishes. American Museum Novitiates 2728: 1–34.
3. Than-Marchese . Bruno Andrés . Alvarado-Ortega . Jesús . 2022-10-01 . Armigatus felixi sp. nov. An Albian double armored herring (Clupeomorpha, Ellimmichthyiformes) from the Tlayúa lagerstätte, Mexico . Journal of South American Earth Sciences . en . 118 . 103905 . 10.1016/j.jsames.2022.103905 . 2022JSAES.11803905T . 0895-9811.
4. Amalfitano . Jacopo . Giusberti . Luca . Fornaciari . Eliana . Carnevale . Giorgio . 2020-04-03 . UPPER CENOMANIAN FISHES FROM THE BONARELLI LEVEL (OAE2) OF NORTHEASTERN ITALY . Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia . en . 126 . 2 . 10.13130/2039-4942/13224 . 2039-4942.
5. Marramà . Giuseppe . Carnevale . Giorgio . 2023 . Double-armoured herrings (Clupeomorpha: Ellimmichthyiformes) from the Lower Cretaceous of Pietraroja (Southern Italy) . Journal of Systematic Palaeontology . en . 21 . 1 . 10.1080/14772019.2023.2181109 . 1477-2019.
6. Forey, Peter L.; Yi, Lu; Patterson, Colin; Davies, Cliff E. (2003-01). "Fossil fishes from the Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous) of Namoura, Lebanon". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 1 (4): 227–330. doi:10.1017/s147720190300107x. ISSN 1477-2019.
7. VERNYGORA . OKSANA . MURRAY . ALISON M. . A New Species of Armigatus (Clupeomorpha, Ellimmichthyiformes) from the Late Cretaceous of Morocco, and ITS Phylogenetic Relationships . January 2016 . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology . 36 . 1 . e1031342 . 10.1080/02724634.2015.1031342 . 24740222 . 86230107 . 0272-4634.
8. Murray . Alison M. . Vernygora . Oksana . Japundžić . Sanja . Radovčić . Jakov . Wilson . Mark V. H. . Bardack . David . Grande . Terry . 2016-11-01 . Relationships of the species of Armigatus (Clupeomorpha, Ellimmichthyiformes) and the description of a new species from the Cretaceous of Dalmatia, Croatia . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology . 36 . 6 . e1226851 . 10.1080/02724634.2017.1226851 . 89072541 . 0272-4634.
9. Alvarado-Ortega . Jesús . Than-Marchese . Bruno Andrés . Melgarejo-Damián . María del Pilar . 2020 . On the Albian occurrence of Armigatus (Teleostei, Clupeomorpha) in America, a new species from the Tlayúa Lagerstätte, Mexico . Palaeontologia Electronica . 10.26879/1107 . 1935-3952. free .