Argumentum ad baculum explained

Argumentum ad baculum (Latin for "argument to the cudgel" or "appeal to the stick") is the fallacy committed when one makes an appeal to force[1] to bring about the acceptance of a conclusion.[2] [3] One participates in argumentum ad baculum when one emphasizes the negative consequences of holding the contrary position, regardless of the contrary position's truth value—particularly when the argument-maker himself causes (or threatens to cause) those negative consequences. It is a special case of the appeal to consequences.

Examples

The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy gives this example of argumentum ad baculum:

If you don't join our demonstration against the expansion of the park, we will evict you from your apartment;

So, you should join our demonstration against the expansion of the park.[4]

The phrase has also been used to describe the 1856 caning of Charles Sumner, an abolitionist Senator, by one of his pro-slavery opponents, Preston Brooks, on the floor of the United States Senate.[5]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Curtis . Gary N. . 2018 . Logical Fallacy: Appeal to Force . The Fallacy Files . 2021-06-24.
  2. Web site: Argumentum ad Baculum . philosophy.lander.edu . . 2022-07-23.
  3. Woods . John . John Woods (logician) . November 1998 . Argumentum ad baculum . Argumentation . 12 . 4 . 493–504 . 10.1023/A:1007779930624 . 143386357 . 2023-05-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161124025000/http://logic.sysu.edu.cn/Soft/UploadSoft/200712/20071221103721774.pdf . 2016-11-24 . dead.
  4. Encyclopedia: Hansen . Hans . 2020 . Zalta . Edward N. . Edward N. Zalta . Fallacies . . Summer 2020 . 2023-05-16.
  5. 1877-12-29 . American Notes . . LXXI . 2009 . 622 . 2021-06-24 . ...that uncompromising Sumner whose eloquence exasperated a fiery Southerner into the employment of the argumentum ad baculum....