Arentius and Arentia explained
Arentius (Portuguese: Arâncio) and Arentia (Portuguese: Arância) are considered to be a pair of indigenous deities that belong to the Lusitanian pantheon,[1] [2] and attested mainly in epigraphy.
Epigraphy
Scholars report at least 13 epigraphies (14 inscriptions, as of 2022)[3] attesting either Arentius or Arentia, mostly located in central-eastern Lusitania,[4] and, according to scholar Juan Olivares Pedreño, "well represented" in Egitania.[5]
Both deities are attested either in isolation, or, rarely, as a pair.[6] Olivares Pedreño suggested that their attestation as a pair seems to hark back to similar votive altars of a male and female divine couple in Celtic areas.[7] [8]
The pair is also alternatively attested as Arantius and Arantia, although this occurrence is rare.[9]
In two inscriptions from Beira Baixa, Arentius is attested as Arantio Tanginiciaeco and as Arentio Cronisensi.[10]
Etymology
Francisco Marco Simón suggested that the pair were aquatic deities, following Hans Krahe's study on Old European hydronymy that associates the stem *ar- with the names of bodies of water.[11]
Spanish historian seems to support this interpretation.[12] Also, according to Blazquez, Blanca María Prósper believes that Arantio (another attested name for Arentius) refers to a river deity.[13]
See also
Bibliography
Notes and References
- Marco Simón . Francisco . Divinidades indígenas en la Hispania indoeuropea . Veleia . 16 . 40 . 1999. 10810/35975 . .
- Olivares Pedreño . José Carlos . Teónimos y fronteras étnicas: los Lusitani . Lucentum . 0213-2338 . 19-20 . 2000–2001 . 19–20 . 245–256 . 10.14198/LVCENTVM2000-2001.19-20.16. 2024-02-01 . free . 10045/1208 . free . .
- Olivares Pedreño . Juan Carlos . 2022 . Una paradoja de la teonimia y la antroponimia lusitano-galaica: ¿Migraciones hacia el sur del Sistema Central y el valle del Tajo? . Complutum . 33 . 1 . 234, 235 (distribution map) . 10.5209/cmpl.80893. 10045/123692 . 248955728 . free . .
- Olivares Pedreño . Juan Carlos . Ramajo Correa . Luis María . Un altar votivo procedente de Cilleros dedicado a los dioses lusitanos "Arentia" y "Arentius" y precisiones sobre otra inscripción votiva de Villamiel (Cáceres) . Veleia . 30 . 201 . 2013 . 10810/37246 . .
- Juan Carlos . Olivares Pedreño . Aportaciones al estudio de Arentius, Arentia y las divinidades indígenas masculinas de la religión de Egitania . Ilu. Revista de ciencias de las religiones . 1135-4712 . 4 . 1999 . 139. .
- Juan Carlos . Olivares Pedreño . Aportaciones al estudio de Arentius, Arentia y las divinidades indígenas masculinas de la religión de Egitania . Ilu. Revista de ciencias de las religiones . 1135-4712 . 4 . 1999 . 141–143. .
- Juan Carlos . Olivares Pedreño . Aportaciones al estudio de Arentius, Arentia y las divinidades indígenas masculinas de la religión de Egitania . Ilu. Revista de ciencias de las religiones . 1135-4712 . 4 . 1999 . 145, 152. .
- Celtic Gods of the Iberian Peninsula. Pedreño. Juan Carlos Olivares. E-Keltoi. E-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies. 6. Guimarães, Portugal. 11 November 2005. 630–631, 635 . 1540-4889.
- Salvado . Pedro . Guerra . Amílcar . Mendes Rosa . João . 2004 . Um monumento votivo a Arância e Arâncio, proveniente de Castelejo (concelho do Fundão) . Revista portuguesa de Arqueologia . 7 . 2 . 239–240 . .
- Anderson . James M. . Preroman indo-european languages of the hispanic peninsula . Revue des Études Anciennes . 87 . 1985 . 3–4 . 321 . 10.3406/rea.1985.4212. .
- Marco Simón . Francisco . Divinidades indígenas en la Hispania indoeuropea . Veleia . 16 . 40 . 1999. 10810/35975 .
- "El mismo caracter acuático tendrían Arentius y Arentia en la Beira Baja ..." Blazquez, José Mª. "La religión celta en Hispania". In: Celtas y Vettones: Torreon de los Guzmanes, Iglesia de Santo Tome el Viejo. Avila, Septiembre-Diciembre 2001. Avila; Diputacion Provincial de Avila, 2001. p. 175. .
- Blázquez, José Mª. Arte Y Religión En El Mediterráneo Antiguo. Ediciones Cátedra, 2008. p. 129.