| Arctowski Station | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Official Name: | Henryk Arctowski Polish Antarctic Station | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Native Name: | Polska Stacja Antarktyczna im. Henryka Arctowskiego | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Settlement Type: | Antarctic base | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Flag Size: | 110px | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Flag Border: | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pushpin Map: | Antarctica | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pushpin Map Alt: | Location of Arctowski Station in Antarctica | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location of Arctowski Station in Antarctica | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pushpin Mapsize: | 270 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pushpin Relief: | yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Coordinates: | -62.1601°N -58.4732°W | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subdivision Type: | Country | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subdivision Name: |  | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subdivision Type1: | Location in Antarctica | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subdivision Name1: | King George Island | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subdivision Type3: | Administered by | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subdivision Name3: | Polish Academy of Sciences | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Established Title: | Established | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Elevation M: | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Population As Of: | 2017 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Population Footnotes: | [1] | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Population Blank1 Title: | Summer | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Population Blank1: | 40 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Population Blank2 Title: | Winter | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Population Blank2: | 16 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Blank Name Sec1: | Type | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Blank Info Sec1: | All-year round | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Blank1 Name Sec1: | Period | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Blank1 Info Sec1: | Annual | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Blank2 Name Sec1: | Status | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Blank2 Info Sec1: | Operational | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Blank Name Sec2: | Activities | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Code1 Name: | UN/LOCODE | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Code1 Info: | AQ ARC | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Website: | Arctowski | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Module: |
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Henryk Arctowski Polish Antarctic Station (Polish: Polska Stacja Antarktyczna im. Henryka Arctowskiego) is a Polish research station on King George Island, off the coast of Antarctica.
The station is named for Henryk Arctowski (1871–1958), who as meteorologist had accompanied the Belgian explorer Baron Adrien de Gerlache on the Belgian Antarctic Expedition "Belgica", 1897–1899. This was the first expedition to overwinter in Antarctica. He proposed the original notion of a wind chill factor, arguing that wind could be as damaging to human flesh as cold in harsh climates.
Established on 26 February 1977, the station is managed by the Polish Academy of Sciences; its main research areas include marine biology, oceanography, geology, geomorphology, glaciology, meteorology, climatology, seismology, magnetism and ecology.
Because it is readily accessible, [3] it is one of the most-visited scientific stations in Antarctica. The beaches near the station have numerous whale bones, relics of the time when the site was used to process whales killed nearby.
The station is near colonies of three different types of Pygoscelis penguins (Adelies, chinstraps, and gentoos), and has been designated a site of Special Scientific Interest (SSI) as provided by the Antarctic Treaty.
The grave of Polish wildlife photographer Włodzimierz Puchalski, surmounted by an iron cross, stands on a hill to the south of the station. Puchalski died on 19 January 1979 in the course of filming a nature documentary in the vicinity of the station. The location of the grave and cross has been designated a Historic Site or Monument (HSM 51), following a proposal by Poland to the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting.[4]