| Archon | |
| Commune Status: | Commune |
| Arrondissement: | Vervins |
| Canton: | Vervins |
| Insee: | 02021 |
| Postal Code: | 02360 |
| Mayor: | Nicolas Dufourg[1] |
| Term: | 2020 - 2026 |
| Intercommunality: | Portes de la Thiérache |
| Coordinates: | 49.7422°N 4.1192°W |
| Elevation M: | 180 |
| Elevation Min M: | 146 |
| Elevation Max M: | 225 |
| Area Km2: | 6.37 |
Archon (in French pronounced as /aʁʃɔ̃/) is a commune in the department of Aisne in the Hauts-de-France region of northern France.
Archon is located some 60 km east by southeast of Saint-Quentin and 40 km west of Charleville-Mézières. It can be accessed by road D744 from Cuiry-les-Iviers in the north which passes through the heart of the commune and the village then continues south to Rozoy-sur-Serre. The D520 road starts from the village and continues east to Parfondeval. The commune consists entirely of farmland, and there are no other villages or hamlets.[2]
A stream rises in the commune and flows south joining other tributaries and feeding the Serre river.[2]
In Greek Archon (ἄρχων, pl. Ἄρχοντες) means chief or lord.
Archon was known as Archium in 1124. It has been found in Mousterian flint carvings and Roman pottery. In the 13th century, the lordship was given to the Abbey Saint-Remi of Reims and Saint Vincent of Laon and to the Rozoy Chapter.
The village has beautiful old houses and barns built of Wattle and daub. Archon has a restored private castle – the Ogny Castle – built in the 16th/17th centuries. It is a square building flanked by two towers at opposite corners, a square gate, and two square towers. Former mill at Ogny is now a farm. The church of Saint Martin is fortified. The front is protected by two round towers on each side of the door and connected by a bridge with loopholes and a gatehouse.
Archon was the homeland for:
Starting from 1668 there were marriages. The first is cited on 3 July 1668 – the marriage of Michel Dugard and Marguerite Lengrene, widower and widow, witnessed by Jean Lengrene and Claude Chollet, labourers, and Louis de Labarre.
The last burial was in January 1669. Antoinette Bouche was buried on 23 January but the precise date of death and age are not known. The witnesses were her children Jacques and François Jumelet which signifies that Antoinette was an adult and the wife of a Jumelet.
Death certificates and marriage are sometimes more informative and go back to the beginning of the 17th century and the late 16th century. Thus on 20 February 1670 Jean Robinet aged about 85 years was buried who must have been born around 1585 in the reign of Henry III.
The study of these documents helps to better trace the history of the population of Archon over 400 years and to better understand the economic and demographic changes in the village. This study is ongoing and relies on the analysis of the following data:
a) The evolution of births, marriages and deaths from 1660 to 2010 (there was a very strong population growth in the First Empire then a very sharp drop from 1850 to 1900)
b) The appearance and disappearance of surnames: Grimpret, Cury, Menu, Marchand, Lefevre were present since at least the middle of the 17th century and Vilain since the beginning of the 18th century until today. Lengrene, Mennesson, Foulon, Taute and others have not been seen in Archon for a long time.
c) Appearances and disappearances of activities (e.g. weaver, farmer, blacksmith, schoolmaster, baker)
Acts found in late 2010: 1789–1791 acts, 1793 births, Year II, Year III Deaths, Births in Year V, Year VIII Deaths, Year X Births, 2 births in 1807, 1808, 2 deaths in 1819, year 1835.
Population, social economics, Census statistics: Year IV (men over 12 years) from 1836 to 1906, 1926, 1931, 1936, 1954, 1962.
List of Successive Mayors of Archon[3]
| From | To | Name | Party | Position | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1790 | 1792 | Gilles Bailliet | |||
| 1792 | 1800 | Nicolas Leroy | |||
| 1800 | 1814 | Jean Louis Mathieu | |||
| 1814 | 1816 | Jacques Bailliet | |||
| 1816 | 1821 | Louis Duguet | |||
| 1821 | 1826 | Pierre Quaniaux | |||
| 1826 | 1835 | Robert Fleury | |||
| 1835 | 1839 | Pierre Antoine Leroy | |||
| 1839 | 1840 | Alexandre Marchand | Interim Mayor | ||
| 1840 | 1848 | Antoine Quaniaux | |||
| 1848 | 1871 | Jean-Louis Napoléon Hennequin | |||
| 1871 | 1881 | Jules Jean-Louis Quaniaux | |||
| 1881 | 1895 | Eugène Carlier | |||
| 1895 | 1900 | Bailliet | |||
| 1900 | 1906 | Eugène Gosset | |||
| 1906 | 1915 | Philidor Villain | |||
| 1915 | 1921 | Marchand | |||
| 1921 | 1930 | Eugène Catrin | |||
| 1930 | 1931 | Jules Férez | |||
| 1931 | 1941 | Paul Vasseur |
| From | To | Name | Party | Position | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1941 | 1944 | Roger Fleury | Named President of the Special Delegation | ||
| 1944 | 1946 | Paul Vasseur | Elected President of the municipal delegation | ||
| 1946 | 1953 | Roger Fleury | |||
| 1953 | 1965 | Michel Dufourg | |||
| 1965 | 1983 | Roger Fleury | |||
| 1983 | 1989 | Michel Dufourg | |||
| 1989 | 2008 | Alain Dufourg | |||
| 2008 | 2020 | Jean-Luc Villain | |||
| 2020 | Present | Nicolas Dufourg |