| Archduchess Maria Amalia | |
| Full Name: | Maria Amalia Josephe Johanna Katharina Theresia |
| House: | Habsburg-Lorraine |
| Father: | Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor |
| Mother: | Infanta Maria Luisa of Spain |
| Birth Date: | 17 October 1780 |
| Birth Place: | Florence, Grand Duchy of Tuscany |
| Death Date: | 25 December 1798 (aged 18) |
| Death Place: | Vienna, Archduchy of Austria, Holy Roman Empire |
| Burial Place: | Imperial Crypt, Vienna |
Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria (Maria Amalia Josephe Johanna Katharina Theresia; 15 October 1780 – 25 December 1798) was an Archduchess of Austria by birth.
Maria Amalia was a daughter of Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor (1747–1792) and his wife Maria Luisa of Spain (1745–1792). Maria Amalia was born in Florence, the then-capital of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, where her father reigned as Grand Duke from 1765 to 1790. Her father was a son of Empress Maria Theresa and her mother a daughter of Charles III of Spain. Her godparents were her mother's first cousin, Ferdinand, Duke of Parma, and his wife, Maria Amalia, her father's sister.
She had a happy childhood surrounded by her many siblings. As her siblings, Maria Amalia was given a somewhat different upbringing than was usual for royal children at the time: they were actually raised by their parents rather than a retinue of servants, were largely kept apart from any ceremonial court life and were taught to live simply, naturally and modestly.[1] In 1790, her father became emperor and the family moved to Vienna. She died unmarried at the age of only 18 years in Vienna.