List of Aramean kings explained

List of Aramean kings should not be confused with Armenian kings.

Aramean kings were kings of the ancient Arameans, and rulers of various Aramean states that existed throughout the Levant and Mesopotamia during the 14th and 13th centuries BC, before being absorbed by various other empires such as the Neo-Assyrian Empire, Neo-Babylonian Empire and the Achaemenid Empire.

Kings

Aramean kings are known from various inscriptions, and some are also mentioned in the Hebrew Bible.

Aram-Damascus

Name Reign Notes
ca. mid-10th century B.C.E.
ca. late 10th century B.C.E.
ca. early 9th century B.C.E.
Hadadezer (Ben-Hadad II) ca. 865-844 B.C.E.
ca. 844-805 B.C.E.
ca. 805-780 B.C.E.
ca. 780-754 B.C.E.
ca. 754–732 B.C.E.
Name Reign Notes
Gusi ca. 870 Dynasty founder
Hadram ca. 860–830 son of Gusi (Arame)
ca. 830–800 / 805–796 son of Hadram, synonym Bar-Guš
Bar-Hadad ca. 800 son of Attar-šumki I, reign unclear
Attar-šumki II 1st half 8th century son of Bar-Hadad
Mati-Ilu mid 8th century son of Attar-šumki II
Name Reign Notes
Gabbar ca 920/ca. 900 – 880 Dynasty founder
Bamah ca. 880–865 son of Gabbar
Hayya ca. 865–840 son of Bamah
Ša-il ca. 840–830 son of Hayya
ca. 830–820 brother of Ša-il
Qarli ca. 820–790 son of Ahabbu?, he unified Sam'al and Y'DY
ca. 790–750 son of Qarli, synonym Panammu
Bar-Sur ca. 750 son of Panamuwa I
ca. 743[1] –727 son of Bar-Sur, synonym Panammu
727–713/711 son of Panamuwa II

Kasku

Name Reign Notes
Bahianu --
Abisalmu --
950–875 BC He built a monumental palace in Neo-Hittite style discovered by Max von Oppenheim in 1911, with a rich decoration of statues and relief orthostats
Name Reign Notes
T'oi--
Hadoram--
Paratas--
Irhuleni853 BCHe led a coalition against the Assyrian expansion under Shalmaneser III, alongside Hadadezer of Damascus.[2]
Uratamis--
Zakkur---
Eni-Ilu---
Yaub'di --

Bit-Zamani

Name Reign Notes
Ammi-Ba'al900–879 BC He was king of Bit-Zamani, or Northwest Mesopotamia known for his rivals against Tukulti-Ninurta II.
879–866 Successor of Ammi-Ba'al
Ilan879–866 BC Successor and brother of Bur-Ramman
Name Reign Notes
Adin(i)883–876 BC He was the first king of Bit-Adini[3]
876–858 BC Successor and descent of Adin and defeated by Ashurnasirpal II

Sources

Notes and References

  1. Alessandra Gilibert: Syro-Hittite Monumental Art and the Archaeology of Performance. Berlin 2011, p. 135.
  2. Luis Robert Siddall, The Reign of Adad-nīrārī III: An Historical and Ideological Analysis of An Assyrian King and His Times. BRILL, 2013 p.37
  3. Web site: Kingdoms of Syria – Bit Adini.