Araki–Sucher correction explained

\alpha and may sometimes include terms of third order and higher .

Notes and References

1. Book: Advances in Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics. 32. 107. Bederson. Benjamin. Dalgarno. Alexander. 9780080561431. Academic Press. 1994-01-04.
2. Araki. Huzihiro. 1 May 1957. Quantum-Electrodynamical Corrections to Energy-Levels of Helium. Progress of Theoretical Physics. 17. 5. 619–642. 10.1143/ptp.17.619. 0033-068X. 1957PThPh..17..619A. free.
3. Sucher. J.. 1958-02-01. Energy Levels of the Two-Electron Atom to Order $\alpha^3$ ry; Ionization Energy of Helium. Physical Review. 109. 3. 1010–1011. 10.1103/physrev.109.1010. 0031-899X. 1958PhRv..109.1010S.
4. Stanke. Monika. Komasa. Jacek. Bubin. Sergiy. Adamowicz. Ludwik. 2009-08-25. Five lowest $^S$ states of the Be atom calculated with a finite-nuclear-mass approach and with relativistic and QED corrections. Physical Review A. 80. 2. 022514. 10.1103/PhysRevA.80.022514. 2009PhRvA..80b2514S.
5. Yan. Zong-Chao. Drake. G. W. F.. 2003-09-11. Bethe Logarithm and QED Shift for Lithium. Physical Review Letters. 91. 11. 113004. 10.1103/physrevlett.91.113004. 14525421. 0031-9007. 2003PhRvL..91k3004Y.
6. Balcerzak. Justyna G.. Lesiuk. Michał. Moszynski. Robert. 2017-11-30. Calculation of Araki-Sucher correction for many-electron systems. Physical Review A. 96. 5. 052510. 10.1103/PhysRevA.96.052510. 1710.02468. 2017PhRvA..96e2510B. 119079374.
7. Drake. G. W. F.. 1993. High precision calculations and QED effects for two- and three-electron atoms. Physica Scripta. en. 1993. T46. 116–124. 10.1088/0031-8949/1993/T46/017. 1402-4896. 1993PhST...46..116D. 250836491 .