Osor, Croatia Explained

Osor
Other Name:	Ossero
Settlement Type:	Village
Pushpin Map:	Croatia
Coordinates:	44.6939°N 14.393°W
Subdivision Type:	Country
Subdivision Name:	Croatia
Subdivision Type1:	County
Subdivision Name1:	Primorje-Gorski Kotar
Subdivision Type2:	Town
Subdivision Name2:	Mali Lošinj
Area Footnotes:	^[1]
Area Total Km2:	24.7
Population As Of:	2021
Population Total:	26
Population Density Km2:	auto
Timezone:	CET
Timezone Dst:	CEST
Utc Offset:	+1
Utc Offset Dst:	+2
Postal Code Type:	Postal code
Postal Code:	51554
Area Code:	051
Registration Plate:	RI

Osor is a village and a small port on the Croatian island of Cres, in Primorje-Gorski Kotar county. Administratively, it is part of the town of Mali Lošinj. As of 2021, it had a population of 26.

Osor lies at a narrow channel that separates the islands of Cres and Lošinj. The channel was built in Roman times to make sailing possible. Now the islands are connected with a rotating bridge. Originally, Cres and Lošinj were one island, Osor, before the channel was cut.

History

The first settlements of the area date in the prehistoric times. In Roman times, Osor, then called Apsoros (Greek, Ancient (to 1453);: Ἄψωρος), also used to refer to the whole island of Lošinj,^[2] was an important center of trade on the route to the ports of Northern Adriatic.^[3] After the fall of Roman Empire, Osor became a part of Byzantine Empire and was a seat of diocese since the 6th century. In 840 it was burned down by Saracens,^[4] in the 10th century, it came under Croatian rule. In the 14th century it was under the rule of the Republic of Venice. From the 15th century on, Osor lost its strategic and commercial importance. Due to malaria, it was ultimately abandoned as the administrative center of the island in favor of the town of Cres.^[3]

In the 19th century the island was under the rule of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and after First World War part of the Kingdom of Italy. After World War II Osor-Ossero was a part of the Republic of Yugoslavia.

Today, Osor is a tourist-oriented town in Croatia, with sculptures of Ivan Meštrović and others scattered around the center. Several camping sites are located in the surroundings.

Ecclesiastical history

Residential bishopric

The bishopric of what was called in Latin Absorus was founded circa 600, maybe as early as the 6th century, as a suffragan of the Metropolitan Archbishop of the Late Roman province Dalmatia Inferior's capital Salona (later of Split), but the first bishop of the see whose name is known was Dominicus in the last third of the 9th century. It has also been called Absor and Lusin.

The diocese was from 1146 a suffragan of the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Zadar/Zara. Its cathedral, the Church of the Assumption, was built from 1463 until 1497. The area was taken by the Ottoman Empire in 1621 and held for a short time, during which its Christians travelled to Šibenik to fulfil their Easter duty of Confession and Communion.

Absorus ceased in 1828 to be a residential see, when its territory was added to that of the Croatian diocese of Krk.^{[5] [6] [7]}

Suffragan Bishops of Osor (all Roman Rite; very incomplete : first centuries unavailable)

• ...
• Lovro (1042? – 1059), later Metropolitan Archbishop of Salona (Croatia) (1059 – 1099)
• Michele, Friars Minor (O.F.M.) (1290? – ?)
• Giacomo (? – ?)
• Angelo, O.F.M. (2 October 1295 – 1300?)
• Bonifacio (1315? – ?)
• Guglielmo (1325? – ?)
• Cipriano (1335? – death 1337?)
• Crisogono (6 January 1343 – ?)
• Martino (8 March 1346 – ?)
• Matteo Cernota (29 October 1347 – 19 July 1357), later Bishop of Šibenik (Croatia) (1357.07.19 – ?)
• Bonifacio (19 July 1357 – ?), previously Bishop of Trebinje (Bosnia and Herzegovina) (? – 6 February 1344), Bishop of Šibenik (Croatia) (6 February 1344 – 19 July 1357)
• Michele da Zara, O.F.M. (17 June 1374 – ?)
• Tommaso (? – ?)
• Pactius (1390? – ?)
• Mauro Rassoli (17 May 1399 – death 1410?)
• Isidoro, Benedictine Order (O.S.B.) (19 November 1410 – 1411)
• Vito da Cherso, O.F.M. (24 October 1412 – ?)
• Pietro Leon (6 February 1436 – 4 June 1445), later Bishop of Ceneda (Italy) (4 June 1445 – 1474)
• Simone de Valle (9 June 1445 – ?), was an auditor in the case of John Myssenden Vicar of Leatherhead against the Priory of Leeds near Maidstone in 1446. The Register of Letters to England, Scotland and Ireland reports the case
• Domenico (28 July 1449 – ?)
• Antonio di Pago (12 January 1451 – 29 March 1471), later Bishop of Kotor (Montenegro) (29 March 1471 – ?)
• Marco Negro (29 March 1471 – death 20 July 1485), previously Bishop of Kotor (Montenegro) (7 November 1459 – 29 March 1471)
• Giovanni Robobello (5 November 1485 – 6 January 1491), later Bishop of Feltre (Italy) (6 January 1491 – 19 December 1494), Metropolitan Archbishop of Zadar (Zara) (Croatia) (19 December 1494 – 1503)
• Giovanni Giusto (6 January 1491 – ?)
• Andrea Corner (6 November 1512 – death 1514)
• Giovanni Battista Garzoni (1514 – death 1516)
• Andrea Peveraro (24 July 1517 – death 1527)
• Antonio de Cappo (26 December 1527 – death 1553)
• Marco Fedeli-Gonzaga (1553 – 1 December 1574), succeeding as former Coadjutor Bishop of Osor (? – 1553); later Bishop of Mantova (Mantua)) (Italy) (1 December 1574 – death 29 September 1583)
• Coriolano Garzadoro (19 January 1575 – 1614)
• Ottaviano Garzadoro (17 March 1614 – death 1633)
• Marc'Antonio Verità (18 July 1633 – death 15 October 1650)
• Giovanni de Rossi (10 November 1653 – death 1667), previously Bishop of Kefalonia–Zakynthos (insular Greece; 3 December 1640 – 10 July 1645), Bishop of Chiron (10 July 1645 – 10 November 1653)
• Matteo Scrivanelli (3 August 1667 – death December 1672)
• Simone Gaudenti (30 January 1673 – death September 1719)
• Nicolò Drasich (16 September 1720 – death December 1737)
• Giovanni Ferro (19 December 1738 – death 27 May 1742)
• Mate Karaman (9 July 1742 – 22 November 1745), later Metropolitan Archbishop of Zadar (Zara) (Croatia) (22 November 1745 – death 7 May 1771)
• Niccolò Dinarico (Dinarić) (22 November 1745 – 3 January 1757), later Metropolitan Archbishop of Salona (Croatia) (3 January 1757 – 1764)
• Bonaventura Bernardi (3 January 1757 – death 21 February 1781)
• Simone Spalatin (25 June 1781 – death 10 February 1798), previously Bishop of Korcula (13 March 1775 – 25 June 1781)
• Francesco Pietro Raccamarich (20 July 1801 – 21 January 1815), previously Bishop of Kotor (Montenegro) (27 June 1796 – death 20 July 1801)

Titular see

It is today listed by the Catholic Church as a ^[8] since 1933, when the diocese was nominally restored as a titular bishopric Osor, also named Absorus in Latin and Ossore in Curiate Italian.

It has had the following incumbents of the fitting episcopal (lowest) rank :

• Titular Bishop Karl Moser (9 July 1969 – 29 September 1991), as Auxiliary Bishop of Wien (Vienna) (Austria) (9 July 1969 – 29 June 1991)
• Titular Bishop Peter Henrici (4 March 1993 – ...), Jesuits (S.J.), Auxiliary Bishop emeritus of Chur (Switzerland)

Sources and external links

• GCatholic with incumbent bio links

Notes and References

1. cs1.
2. Absyrtides.
3. Book: One Hundred Croatian Archeological Sites. Miroslav Krleža Institute of Lexicography. Durman. Aleksandar. Osor on Cres. https://bib.irb.hr/datoteka/393224.Osor-Cres.pdf. 200–201. 2007.
4. The Italian Cities and the Arabs before 1095, Hilmar C. Krueger, A History of the Crusades: The First Hundred Years, Vol.I, ed. Kenneth Meyer Setton, Marshall W. Baldwin, (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1955), 47.
5. F. Salata, L'antica diocesi di Ossero e la liturgia slava, Pola 1897
6. Konrad Eubel, Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi, vol. 1, pp. 66-67; vol. 2, p. 77; vol. 3, pp. 91-92; vol. 4, p. 104; vol. 5, p. 107; vol. 6, p. 109
7. Stefano Zucchi, Fonti e studi sul vescovo Gaudenzio di Ossero, 2011
8. Annuario Pontificio 2013 (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2013), p. 947