April 27 Explained
Events
Pre-1600
1601–1900
1901–present
- 1906 - The State Duma of the Russian Empire meets for the first time.
- 1909 - Sultan of Ottoman Empire Abdul Hamid II is overthrown, and is succeeded by his brother, Mehmed V.
- 1911 - The Second Canton Uprising took place in Guangzhou, Qing China but was suppressed.[2]
- 1927 - Carabineros de Chile (Chilean national police force and gendarmerie) are created.
- 1936 - The United Auto Workers (UAW) gains autonomy from the American Federation of Labor.
- 1941 - World War II: German troops enter Athens.
- 1945 - World War II: The last German formations withdraw from Finland to Norway. The Lapland War and thus, World War II in Finland, comes to an end and the Raising the Flag on the Three-Country Cairn photograph is taken.
- 1945 - World War II: Benito Mussolini is arrested by Italian partisans in Dongo, while attempting escape disguised as a German soldier.
- 1953 - Operation Moolah offers $50,000 to any pilot who defects with a fully mission-capable Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 to South Korea. The first pilot was to receive $100,000.
- 1967 - Expo 67 officially opens in Montreal, Quebec, Canada with a large opening ceremony broadcast around the world. It opens to the public the next day.
- 1974 - 109 people are killed in a plane crash near Pulkovo Airport.[3]
- 1976 - Thirty-seven people are killed when American Airlines Flight 625 crashes at Cyril E. King Airport in Saint Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands.[4]
- 1978 - John Ehrlichman, a former aide to U.S. President Richard Nixon, is released from the Federal Correctional Institution, Safford, Arizona, after serving 18 months for Watergate-related crimes.[5]
- 1978 - The Saur Revolution begins in Afghanistan, ending the following morning with the murder of Afghan President Mohammed Daoud Khan and the establishment of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan.[6] [7]
- 1978 - Willow Island disaster: In the deadliest construction accident in United States history, 51 construction workers are killed when a cooling tower under construction collapses at the Pleasants Power Station in Willow Island, West Virginia.[8]
- 1986 - The city of Pripyat and surrounding areas are evacuated due to the Chernobyl disaster.
- 1987 - The U.S. Department of Justice bars Austrian President Kurt Waldheim (and his wife, Elisabeth, who had also been a Nazi) from entering the US, charging that he had aided in the deportations and executions of thousands of Jews and others as a German Army officer during World War II.
- 1989 - The April 27 demonstrations, student-led protests responding to the April 26 Editorial, during the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989.
- 1992 - The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, comprising Serbia and Montenegro, is proclaimed.
- 1992 - Betty Boothroyd becomes the first woman to be elected Speaker of the British House of Commons in its 700-year history.
- 1992 - The Russian Federation and 12 other former Soviet republics become members of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank.
- 1993 - Most of the Zambia national football team lose their lives in a plane crash off Libreville, Gabon en route to Dakar, Senegal to play a 1994 FIFA World Cup qualifying match against Senegal.
- 1994 - South African general election: The first democratic general election in South Africa, in which black citizens could vote. The Interim Constitution comes into force.
- 2005 - Airbus A380 aircraft has its maiden test flight.
- 2006 - Construction begins on the Freedom Tower (later renamed One World Trade Center) in New York City.
- 2007 - Estonian authorities remove the Bronze Soldier, a Soviet Red Army war memorial in Tallinn, amid political controversy with Russia.
- 2007 - Israeli archaeologists discover the tomb of Herod the Great south of Jerusalem.[9]
- 2011 - The 2011 Super Outbreak devastates parts of the Southeastern United States, especially the states of Alabama, Mississippi, Georgia, and Tennessee. Two hundred five tornadoes touched down on April 27 alone, killing more than 300 and injuring hundreds more.
- 2012 - At least four explosions hit the Ukrainian city of Dnipropetrovsk with at least 27 people injured.
- 2018 - The Panmunjom Declaration is signed between North and South Korea, officially declaring their intentions to end the Korean conflict.
- 2024 - The worst day of the tornado outbreak sequence of April 25–28, 2024, with 42 tornadoes, including one confirmed EF4 tornado, and two confirmed EF3 tornadoes, which killed 4 people in total.[10]
Births
Pre-1600
1601–1900
- 1650 - Charlotte Amalie of Hesse-Kassel, Queen Consort of Denmark (1670-1699) (d. 1714)
- 1654 - Charles Blount, English deist and philosopher (d. 1693)
- 1701 - Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia (d. 1773)
- 1718 - Thomas Lewis, Irish-born American surveyor and lawyer (d. 1790)
- 1748 - Adamantios Korais, Greek-French philosopher and scholar (d. 1833)
- 1755 - Marc-Antoine Parseval, French mathematician and theorist (d. 1836)
- 1759 - Mary Wollstonecraft, English philosopher, historian, and novelist (d. 1797)
- 1788 - Charles Robert Cockerell, English architect, archaeologist, and writer (d. 1863)
- 1791 - Samuel Morse, American painter and inventor, co-invented the Morse code (d. 1872)
- 1812 - William W. Snow, American lawyer and politician (d. 1886)
- 1812 - Friedrich von Flotow, German composer (d. 1883)
- 1820 - Herbert Spencer, English biologist, anthropologist, sociologist, and philosopher (d. 1903)
- 1822 - Ulysses S. Grant, American general and politician, 18th President of the United States (d. 1885)
- 1840 - Edward Whymper, English-French mountaineer, explorer, author, and illustrator (d. 1911)
- 1848 - Otto, King of Bavaria (d. 1916)
- 1850 - Hans Hartwig von Beseler, German general and politician (d. 1921)
- 1853 - Jules Lemaître, French playwright and critic (d. 1914)
- 1857 - Theodor Kittelsen, Norwegian painter and illustrator (d. 1914)
- 1861 - William Arms Fisher, American composer and music historian (d. 1948)
- 1866 - Maurice Raoul-Duval, French polo player (d. 1916)
- 1875 - Frederick Fane, Irish-born, English cricketer (d. 1960)
- 1880 - Mihkel Lüdig, Estonian organist, composer, and conductor (d. 1958)
- 1882 - Jessie Redmon Fauset, American author and poet (d. 1961)
- 1887 - Warren Wood, American golfer (d. 1926)
- 1888 - Florence La Badie, Canadian actress (d. 1917)
- 1891 - Sergei Prokofiev, Russian pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1953)
- 1893 - Draža Mihailović, Serbian general (d. 1946)
- 1893 - Allen Sothoron, American baseball player, coach, and manager (d. 1939)
- 1894 - George Petty, American painter and illustrator (d. 1975)
- 1894 - Nicolas Slonimsky, Russian pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1995)
- 1896 - Rogers Hornsby, American baseball player, coach, and manager (d. 1963)
- 1896 - William Hudson, New Zealand-Australian engineer (d. 1978)
- 1896 - Wallace Carothers, American chemist and inventor of nylon (d. 1937)
- 1898 - Ludwig Bemelmans, Italian-American author and illustrator (d. 1962)
- 1899 - Walter Lantz, American animator, producer, screenwriter, and actor (d. 1994)
- 1900 - August Koern, Estonian politician and diplomat, Estonian Minister of Foreign Affairs in exile (d. 1989)
1901–present
- 1902 - Tiemoko Garan Kouyaté, Malian educator and activist (d. 1942)
- 1904 - Cecil Day-Lewis, Anglo-Irish poet and author (d. 1972)
- 1904 - Nikos Zachariadis, Greek politician (d. 1973)
- 1905 - John Kuck, American javelin thrower and shot putter (d. 1986)
- 1906 - Yiorgos Theotokas, Greek author and playwright (d. 1966)
- 1909 - Lim Bo Seng, Chinese businessman, resistance fighter of Force 136 and war hero of Singapore (d. 1944)[12]
- 1910 - Chiang Ching-kuo, Chinese politician, 3rd President of the Republic of China (d. 1988)
- 1911 - Bruno Beger, German anthropologist and ethnologist (d. 2009)
- 1911 - Chris Berger, Dutch sprinter and footballer (d. 1965)
- 1912 - Jacques de Bourbon-Busset, French author and politician (d. 2001)
- 1912 - Zohra Sehgal, Indian actress, dancer, and choreographer (d. 2014)
- 1913 - Philip Abelson, American physicist and author (d. 2004)
- 1913 - Irving Adler, American mathematician, author, and academic (d. 2012)
- 1913 - Luz Long, German long jumper and soldier (d. 1943)
- 1916 - Robert Hugh McWilliams, Jr., American sergeant, lawyer, and judge (d. 2013)
- 1916 - Enos Slaughter, American baseball player and manager (d. 2002)
- 1917 - Roman Matsov, Estonian violinist, pianist, and conductor (d. 2001)
- 1918 - Sten Rudholm, Swedish lawyer and jurist (d. 2008)
- 1920 - Guido Cantelli, Italian conductor (d. 1956)
- 1920 - Mark Krasnosel'skii, Ukrainian mathematician and academic (d. 1997)
- 1920 - James Robert Mann, American colonel, lawyer, and politician (d. 2010)
- 1920 - Edwin Morgan, Scottish poet and translator (d. 2010)
- 1921 - Robert Dhéry, French actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 2004)
- 1922 - Jack Klugman, American actor (d. 2012)
- 1922 - Sheila Scott, English nurse and pilot (d. 1988)
- 1923 - Betty Mae Tiger Jumper, Seminole chief (d. 2011)
- 1924 - Vernon B. Romney, American lawyer and politician, 14th Attorney General of Utah (d. 2013)
- 1925 - Derek Chinnery, English broadcaster (d. 2015)
- 1926 - Tim LaHaye, American minister, activist, and author (d. 2016)
- 1926 - Basil A. Paterson, American lawyer and politician, 59th Secretary of State of New York (d. 2014)
- 1926 - Alan Reynolds, English painter and educator (d. 2014)
- 1927 - Coretta Scott King, African-American activist and author (d. 2006)
- 1927 - Joe Moakley, American soldier, lawyer, and politician (d. 2001)
- 1929 - Nina Ponomaryova, Russian discus thrower and coach (d. 2016)
- 1931 - Igor Oistrakh, Ukrainian violinist and educator (d. 2021)
- 1932 - Anouk Aimée, French actress (d. 2024)[13]
- 1932 - Pik Botha, South African lawyer, politician, and diplomat, 8th South African Ambassador to the United States (d. 2018)
- 1932 - Casey Kasem, American disc jockey, radio celebrity, and voice actor; co-created American Top 40 (d. 2014)
- 1932 - Chuck Knox, American football coach (d. 2018)
- 1932 - Derek Minter, English motorcycle racer (d. 2015)
- 1932 - Gian-Carlo Rota, Italian-American mathematician and philosopher (d. 1999)
- 1933 - Peter Imbert, Baron Imbert, English police officer and politician, Lord Lieutenant for Greater London (d. 2017)
- 1935 - Theodoros Angelopoulos, Greek director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2012)
- 1935 - Ron Morris, American pole vaulter and coach (d. 2024)
- 1936 - Geoffrey Shovelton, English singer and illustrator (d. 2016)
- 1937 - Sandy Dennis, American actress (d. 1992)
- 1937 - Robin Eames, Irish Anglican archbishop
- 1937 - Richard Perham, English biologist and academic (d. 2015)
- 1938 - Earl Anthony, American bowler and sportscaster (d. 2001)
- 1938 - Alain Caron, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1986)
- 1939 - Judy Carne, English actress and comedian (d. 2015)
- 1939 - Stanisław Dziwisz, Polish cardinal
- 1941 - Fethullah Gülen, Turkish preacher and theologian
- 1941 - Dilip Kumar Chakrabarti, Indian archaeologist
- 1941 - Lee Roy Jordan, American football player
- 1942 - Ruth Glick, American author
- 1942 - Jim Keltner, American drummer
- 1943 - Helmut Marko, Austrian race car driver and manager
- 1944 - Michael Fish, English meteorologist and journalist
- 1944 - Cuba Gooding Sr., American singer (d. 2017)
- 1944 - Herb Pedersen, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1945 - Martin Chivers, English footballer and manager[14]
- 1945 - Terry Willesee, Australian journalist and television host
- 1945 - August Wilson, American author and playwright (d. 2005)
- 1946 - Franz Roth, German footballer
- 1947 - G. K. Butterfield, African-American soldier, lawyer, and politician
- 1947 - Nick Greiner, Hungarian-Australian politician, 37th Premier of New South Wales
- 1947 - Pete Ham, Welsh singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1975)
- 1947 - Keith Magnuson, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2003)
- 1947 - Ann Peebles, American soul singer-songwriter
- 1948 - Frank Abagnale Jr., American security consultant and criminal
- 1948 - Josef Hickersberger, Austrian footballer, coach, and manager
- 1948 - Kate Pierson, American singer-songwriter and bass player
- 1950 - Jaime Fresnedi, Filipino politician
- 1951 - Ace Frehley, American guitarist and songwriter
- 1952 - Larry Elder, American lawyer and talk show host
- 1952 - George Gervin, American basketball player
- 1952 - Ari Vatanen, Finnish race car driver and politician
- 1953 - Arielle Dombasle, French-American actress and model
- 1954 - Frank Bainimarama, Fijian commander and politician, 8th Prime Minister of Fiji
- 1954 - Herman Edwards, American football player, coach, and sportscaster
- 1954 - Mark Holden, Australian singer, actor, and lawyer
- 1955 - Eric Schmidt, American engineer and businessman
- 1956 - Bryan Harvey, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2006)
- 1957 - Willie Upshaw, American baseball player and manager
- 1959 - Sheena Easton, Scottish-American singer-songwriter, actress, and producer
- 1959 - Marco Pirroni, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
- 1960 - Mike Krushelnyski, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
- 1961 - Andrew Schlafly, American lawyer and activist, founded Conservapedia
- 1962 - Ángel Comizzo, Argentinian footballer and manager
- 1962 - Seppo Räty, Finnish javelin thrower and coach
- 1962 - Im Sang-soo, South Korean director and screenwriter
- 1962 - Andrew Selous, English soldier and politician
- 1963 - Russell T Davies, Welsh screenwriter and producer
- 1965 - Anna Chancellor, English actress
- 1966 - Yoshihiro Togashi, Japanese illustrator
- 1967 - Willem-Alexander, King of the Netherlands
- 1967 - Tommy Smith, Scottish saxophonist, composer, and educator
- 1967 - Erik Thomson, Scottish-New Zealand actor
- 1967 - Jason Whitlock, American football player and journalist
- 1968 - Dana Milbank, American journalist and author
- 1969 - Cory Booker, African-American lawyer and politician
- 1969 - Darcey Bussell, English ballerina
- 1972 - Nigel Barker, English photographer and author
- 1973 - Sharlee D'Angelo, Swedish bass player and songwriter
- 1973 - Sébastien Lareau, Canadian tennis player
- 1974 - Frank Catalanotto, American baseball player
- 1975 - Chris Carpenter, American baseball player
- 1975 - Pedro Feliz, Dominican baseball player
- 1975 - Kazuyoshi Funaki, Japanese ski jumper
- 1976 - Isobel Campbell, Scottish singer-songwriter and cellist
- 1976 - Sally Hawkins, English actress
- 1976 - Walter Pandiani, Uruguayan footballer
- 1979 - Vladimir Kozlov, Ukrainian actor and wrestler
- 1980 - Sybille Bammer, Austrian tennis player
- 1980 - Christian Lara, Ecuadorian footballer
- 1983 - Ari Graynor, American actress and producer
- 1984 - Pierre-Marc Bouchard, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1984 - Patrick Stump, American musician, singer, and songwriter[15]
- 1985 - Meselech Melkamu, Ethiopian runner
- 1986 - Jenna Coleman, English actress
- 1986 - Dinara Safina, Russian tennis player
- 1987 - Taylor Chorney, American ice hockey player
- 1987 - William Moseley, English actor
- 1987 - Wang Feifei, Chinese singer and actress
- 1988 - Lizzo, American singer and rapper[16]
- 1988 - Semyon Varlamov, Russian ice hockey player
- 1989 - Lars Bender, German footballer
- 1989 - Sven Bender, German footballer
- 1990 - Austin Dillon, American race car driver[17]
- 1991 - Lara Gut, Swiss skier
- 1992 - Keenan Allen, American football player
- 1994 - Corey Seager, American baseball player[18]
- 1995 - Nick Kyrgios, Australian tennis player
- 1998 - Cristian Romero, Argentine footballer [19]
- 2003 - Xavier Worthy, American football player[20]
Deaths
Pre-1600
1601–1900
- 1605 - Pope Leo XI (b. 1535)
- 1607 - Edward Cromwell, 3rd Baron Cromwell, Governor of Lecale (b. 1560)
- 1613 - Robert Abercromby, Scottish priest and missionary (b. 1532)
- 1656 - Jan van Goyen, Dutch painter and illustrator (b. 1596)
- 1694 - John George IV, Elector of Saxony (b. 1668)
- 1695 - John Trenchard, English politician, Secretary of State for the Northern Department (b. 1640)
- 1702 - Jean Bart, French admiral (b. 1651)
- 1782 - William Talbot, 1st Earl Talbot, English politician, Lord Steward of the Household (b. 1710)
- 1813 - Zebulon Pike, American general and explorer (b. 1779)
- 1873 - William Macready, English actor and manager (b. 1793)
- 1882 - Ralph Waldo Emerson, American poet and philosopher (b. 1803)
- 1893 - John Ballance, Irish-born New Zealand journalist and politician, 14th Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1839)
- 1896 - Henry Parkes, English-Australian businessman and politician, 7th Premier of New South Wales (b. 1815)
1901–present
- 1915 - John Labatt, Canadian businessman (b. 1838)
- 1915 - Alexander Scriabin, Russian pianist and composer (b. 1872)
- 1932 - Hart Crane, American poet (b. 1899)[21]
- 1936 - Karl Pearson, English mathematician and academic (b. 1857)
- 1937 - Antonio Gramsci, Italian sociologist, linguist, and politician (b. 1891)
- 1938 - Edmund Husserl, Czech mathematician and philosopher (b. 1859)
- 1949 - Benjamin Faunce, American druggist and businessman (b. 1873)[22]
- 1952 - Guido Castelnuovo, Italian mathematician and statistician (b. 1865)
- 1961 - Roy Del Ruth, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1893)
- 1962 - A. K. Fazlul Huq, Bangladeshi-Pakistani lawyer and politician, Pakistani Minister of the Interior (b. 1873)
- 1965 - Edward R. Murrow, American journalist (b. 1908)
- 1967 - William Douglas Cook, New Zealand farmer, founded the Eastwoodhill Arboretum (b. 1884)
- 1969 - René Barrientos, Bolivian soldier, pilot, and politician, 55th President of Bolivia (b. 1919)
- 1970 - Arthur Shields, Irish rebel and actor (b. 1896)
- 1972 - Kwame Nkrumah, Ghanaian politician, 1st President of Ghana (b. 1909)
- 1973 - Carlos Menditeguy, Argentinian race car driver and polo player (b. 1914)
- 1977 - Stanley Adams, American actor and screenwriter (b. 1915)
- 1988 - Fred Bear, American hunter and author (b. 1902)
- 1989 - Konosuke Matsushita, Japanese businessman, founded Panasonic (b. 1894)
- 1992 - Olivier Messiaen, French organist and composer (b. 1908)
- 1992 - Gerard K. O'Neill, American physicist and astronomer (b. 1927)
- 1995 - Katherine DeMille, Canadian-American actress (b. 1911)
- 1995 - Willem Frederik Hermans, Dutch author, poet, and playwright (b. 1921)
- 1996 - William Colby, American diplomat, 10th Director of Central Intelligence (b. 1920)
- 1996 - Gilles Grangier, French director and screenwriter (b. 1911)
- 1998 - John W. H. Bassett, Canadian journalist and politician (b. 1915)
- 1998 - Carlos Castaneda, Peruvian-American anthropologist and author (b. 1925)
- 1998 - Anne Desclos, French journalist and author (b. 1907)[23]
- 1998 - Browning Ross, American runner and soldier (b. 1924)
- 1999 - Al Hirt, American trumpet player and bandleader (b. 1922)
- 1999 - Dale C. Thomson, Canadian historian, author, and academic (b. 1923)
- 1999 - Cyril Washbrook, English cricketer (b. 1914)
- 2002 - George Alec Effinger, American author (b. 1947)
- 2002 - Ruth Handler, American inventor and businesswoman, created the Barbie doll (b. 1916)
- 2005 - Red Horner, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1909)
- 2006 - Julia Thorne, American author (b. 1944)
- 2007 - Mstislav Rostropovich, Russian cellist and conductor (b. 1927)
- 2009 - Frankie Manning, American dancer and choreographer (b. 1914)
- 2009 - Woo Seung-yeon, South Korean model and actress (b. 1983)
- 2009 - Feroz Khan (actor), Indian Actor, Film Director & Producer (b. 1939)
- 2011 - Marian Mercer, American actress and singer (b. 1935)
- 2012 - Daniel E. Boatwright, American soldier and politician (b. 1930)
- 2012 - Bill Skowron, American baseball player (b. 1930)
- 2013 - Aída Bortnik, Argentinian screenwriter (b. 1938)
- 2013 - Lorraine Copeland, Scottish archaeologist (b. 1921)
- 2013 - Antonio Díaz Jurado, Spanish footballer (b. 1969)
- 2013 - Jérôme Louis Heldring, Dutch journalist and author (b. 1917)
- 2013 - Aloysius Jin Luxian, Chinese bishop (b. 1916)
- 2013 - Mutula Kilonzo, Kenyan lawyer and politician, Kenyan Minister of Justice (b. 1948)
- 2014 - Yigal Arnon, Israeli lawyer (b. 1929)
- 2014 - Vujadin Boškov, Serbian footballer, coach, and manager (b. 1931)
- 2014 - Daniel Colchico, American football player and coach (b. 1935)
- 2014 - Harry Firth, Australian race car driver and manager (b. 1918)
- 2015 - Gene Fullmer, American boxer (b. 1931)
- 2015 - Verne Gagne, American football player, wrestler, and trainer (b. 1926)
- 2015 - Alexander Rich, American biologist, biophysicist, and academic (b. 1924)
- 2017 - Vinod Khanna, Indian actor, producer and politician (b. 1946)
- 2017 - Sadanoyama Shinmatsu, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1938)
- 2021 - Manoj Das, Indian writer (b. 1934)[24]
- 2022 - Liao Guoxun, Chinese politician (b. 1963)[25]
- 2023 - Jerry Springer, American politician and actor (b. 1944)[26]
- 2024 - C. J. Sansom, British author (b. 1952)[27]
Holidays and observances
External links
Notes and References
- Book: Legrand, Jacques. Chronicle of the World. Ecam Publication. 1989. 244. 0-13-133463-8.
- Web site: 4月27日：黄花岗起义 . 2023-04-14 . www.gov.cn.
- Web site: Ranter . Harro . ASN Aircraft accident Ilyushin 18V CCCP-75559 Leningrad-Pulkovo Airport (LED) . 2018-02-17 . Aviation Safety Network.
- Web site: Ranter . Harro . ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 727-95 N1963 Saint Thomas-Harry S. Truman Airport (STT) . 2022-04-26 . aviation-safety.net . Aviation Safety Network.
- News: Ehrlichman Leaves Prison, Saying He's a Better Man. 28 April 1978. The New York Times. AP. A16. 2 September 2021.
- Web site: The Afghan Civil War (1978–Present). historyguy.com. 25 August 2021.
- The 1978 Revolution in Afghanistan. Thompson. Larry Clinton. February 2019. American Diplomacy. Eyewitness. 25 August 2021.
- News: 'It was gone': String of problems led to 51 deaths at Willow Island. https://web.archive.org/web/20080501181924/http://wvgazette.com/News/WillowIsland/200804250422. 1 May 2008. Ward. Ken Jr.. Ken Ward Jr.. 27 April 2008. The Charleston Gazette. 17 August 2021.
- Web site: Hoffman. Scot. Herod's Tomb. National Geographic. April 19, 2019. May 7, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20170501223703/http://www.nationalgeographic.com/archaeology-and-history/archaeology/herods-tomb/. dead. May 1, 2017.
- Web site: IEM :: PNS from NWS OUN .
- Book: Pickthall. Marmaduke William. Asad. Muhammad. Islamic Culture. 1 January 1975. 49. 196. Islamic Culture Board. en.
- Web site: Lim Bo Seng .
- News: Gates . Anita . 2024-06-18 . Anouk Aimée, Enigmatic Star of ‘A Man and a Woman,’ Dies at 92 . 2024-06-18 . The New York Times . en-US . 0362-4331.
- Web site: Martin Chivers. sporting-heroes.net. 13 April 2020.
- Web site: Anderson . Kyle . Happy Birthday, Patrick Stump! . https://web.archive.org/web/20230404065005/https://www.mtv.com/news/8derbq/patrick-stump-birthday . dead . April 4, 2023 . . 21 April 2023 . 27 April 2010.
- Book: ((Editors of Chase's)). Chase's Calendar of Events 2021. 27 October 2020. Rowman & Littlefield. 978-1-64143-424-9. 244.
- Web site: Austin Dillon . . 21 April 2023.
- Web site: Corey Seager Stats . mlb.com . MLB . 26 April 2024.
- Web site: Cristian Romero. Premier League. 27 April 2024.
- Web site: Xavier Worthy - Kansas City Chiefs Wide Receiver . espn.com . ESPN . 26 April 2024.
- Web site: Hart Crane American poet . Encyclopedia Britannica . 27 July 2021 . en.
- Web site: Boost Co. v. Faunce. 1952. 9 September 2022. Justia. https://web.archive.org/web/20220909180534/https://law.justia.com/cases/new-jersey/appellate-division-published/1952/17-n-j-super-458-0.html. live. 9 September 2022.
- Book: Flower . John . Historical Dictionary of French Literature . 17 January 2013 . Scarecrow Press . 978-0-8108-7945-4 . 44–45 . en.
- Web site: Padma Shri Manoj Das, An Iconic Writer Of Modern Odisha, Passes Away . odishatv.in . 27 April 2021.
- Web site: 2022-04-29 . Liao Guoxun, mayor of China's port city Tianjin, dead at 59 . 2022-06-02 . South China Morning Post . en.
- Web site: Jerry Springer, daytime television pioneer, dies at 79 . April 27, 2023 . NBC News . 27 April 2023 . en.
- Web site: 2024-04-29 . C.J. Sansom, bestselling British author of Tudor crime thriller series, dies at 71 . 2024-04-29 . AP News . en.
- Web site: Origenes Adamantios. Ökumenisches Heiligenlexikon.
