| Antonio Musa Brassavola | |
| Birth Date: | 16 January 1500 |
| Birth Place: | Ferrara |
| Death Date: | 6 July 1555 |
| Death Place: | Ferrara |
| Nationality: | Italian |
| Field: | anatomy medicine botany |
| Work Institutions: | Ferrara |
| Alma Mater: | University of Ferrara |
| Doctoral Advisor: | Niccolò Leoniceno Giovanni Manardo |
| Doctoral Students: | Gabriele Falloppio |
Antonio Musa Brassavola (variously spelled Brasavoli, Brasavola, or Brasavoli;[1] 16 January 1500 – 1555) was an Italian physician and one of the most famous of his time. He studied under Niccolò Leoniceno and Giovanni Manardo. He was the friend and physician of Ercole II, the duke of Este. He was also the consulting physician of Kings Francis I, Charles V, Henry VIII and Popes Paul III, Leo X, Clement VIII and Julius III. He performed the first successful tracheotomy,[2] and published an account of it in 1546. He was the chair of philosophy in Ferrara and also studied botany and medicine.[1] A genus of orchid, called Brassavola, is named after him.[3]
His writings consist of works in the fields of medicine and botany. He also wrote extensively about the physician Galen.