| Antonina Roll-Mecak | |
| Birth Place: | Romania |
| Nationality: | American, Romanian |
| Workplaces: | University of California, San Francisco Marine Biological Laboratory National Institutes of Health |
| Alma Mater: | Cooper Union Rockefeller University |
| Thesis Title: | X-Ray Structures of the Universal Translation Initiation Factor IF2/eIF5B: Conformational Changes on GDP and GTP Binding |
| Thesis Url: | https://www.cell.com/action/showPdf?pii=S0092-8674%2800%2900181-1 |
| Thesis Year: | 2000 |
| Doctoral Advisor: | Stephen K. Burley |
| Academic Advisors: | Ronald D. Vale |
| Known For: | Studies on microtubule dynamics regulation, the tubulin code, microtubule severing enzymes |
| Awards: | Margaret Oakley Dayhoff Award (2015) Keith R. Porter Fellow (2017) International Award from the Biochemical Society (2023) |
| Children: | 1 |
Antonina Roll-Mecak (born in Sibiu, Romania) is a Romanian-born American molecular biophysicist. She is currently the Senior Investigator and Chief of the Unit of Cell Biology and Biophysics at the National Institutes of Health. She holds appointments at the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and at the Biochemistry and Biophysics Center of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute.[1] Roll-Mecak is known for her work on cytoskeletal regulation, mechanisms of microtubule severing enzymes (spastin and Katanin) and microtubule repair, and for her pioneering work in deciphering the complexities of the tubulin code. Her work is relevant to the treatment of cancer and nervous system disorders.
Antonina Roll-Mecak was born in Romania. Her father was an engineer and scientist. Growing up, her father tutored her in Newtonian physics, creating complex pulley-related problems for her to solve, and taught her the principles of programming through Fortran punch cards.[2] During summers, she attended camps focused on math and science, and trained for academic Olympiads. She also spent summer breaks training for and competing in piano competitions, and as a child she aspired to be a concert pianist.[3]
Roll-Mecak attended high school at the Gheorghe Lazăr National College in Sibiu, in the Transylvania region. The school specializes in science education. She received her bachelor's degree in chemical engineering from Cooper Union in New York City, which operates on a full-tuition scholarship basis. During her undergraduate studies, she completed a summer internship at Mount Sinai School of Medicine, where she worked with Ernie Mehler and Harel Weinstein. Part of her inspiration to pursue structural biology came from a seminar on protein structure she attended at the New York Academy of Sciences as a student.[4] She received her Bachelor of Engineering summa cum laude in 1996.
Roll-Mecak received her PhD in molecular biophysics in 2002 from the Rockefeller University. There, she studied with Stephen Burley, and was mentored by other notable scientists such as Günter Blobel and Roderick MacKinnon. Her PhD work used X-ray crystallography to determine the structure and mechanism of the two translation initiation GTPases essential for assembling an 80S ribosome primed for protein synthesis.
After receiving her doctorate, she worked at the University of California, San Francisco, from 2003 to 2009 as a Damon Runyon and Burroughs Wellcome Career Award postdoctoral fellow with Ron Vale. There, Antonina Roll-Mecak identified spastin as a novel microtubule-severing enzyme and used hybrid structural biology methods and light microscopy to reveal the first three dimensional structure of a microtubule severing enzyme and to unravel its mechanism of action. Her analyses led to the proposal that severing enzymes break the microtubule by pulling single tubulin dimers out of the microtubule lattice.
In 2010 she became a principal investigator and unit head at the National Institutes of Health with a primary appointment in the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) and a joint appointment in the Biochemistry and Biophysics Center at the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI). In 2017 Roll-Mecak became a tenured Senior Investigator. Her work focuses on how the genetic (isoform variation) and chemical diversity (posttranslational modifications) of tubulin regulate the dynamics and mechanical properties of microtubules and constitutes a code that is interpreted by microtubule based motors and associated proteins. This code is also referred to as the "tubulin code.".
Roll-Mecak has a son.[5] In her spare time, she enjoys classical music, and has noted that while in graduate school in New York City she often attended concerts or opera performances in between running her experiments.
When a colleague leaves her lab, Roll-Mecak is known to give them a daruma doll, a lucky charm in Japanese folk culture that comes with its eyes unpainted. The recipient paints in one of the eyes and makes a wish, and the second eye is added when the wish is granted.