| John George Haslette Vahey | |
| Birth Date: | 5 March 1881 |
| Birth Place: | Belfast, Antrim, Ireland |
| Death Place: | Bournemouth, Hampshire, England |
| Nationality: | Irish |
| Other Names: |
|
| Occupation: | Author of Detective Fiction |
| Years Active: | 19091938 |
| Known For: | Collins Crime Club Novels written as Vernon Loder |
| Notable Works: | The Shop Window Murders |
John George Haslette Vahey (5 March 188115 June 1938) was a versatile and prolific Northern Irish author of detective fiction in the genre's Golden Age in the 1920s and 1930s. Although his work has remained largely out of print since the end of the golden age, he is now enjoying a resurgence of popularity, and some of his work is again in print, or available as e-books.
Vahey was born in Belfast, Ireland on 5 March 1881, the second son of Herbert Vahey (c. 18396 December 1910), an Inland Revenue Inspector, and Jane Lowry (c. 18502 April 1930), who had married on 20 February 1879, at the Weslyn Church in Donegall Square, Belfast. He attended Foyle College in Derry and was also educated at Hannover.
The 1901 census found Vahey living with his parents at 4 Sydenham Avenue, Victoria, County Down, Ireland. He was an apprentice architect. After four years as an architect's pupil he switched careers and took the exams necessary to become a chartered accountant. He abandoned this career when he started writing fiction, only returning to it during the First World War where he served in Wales as a Corporal in the Army Pay Corps.
The 1911 census found Vahey in lodgings with his elder brother Herbert Lowry Vahey (6 December 18799 January 1958) at Venetian House, Westhill Road, Bournemouth, Hampshire, England. Herbert has continued with architecture, but was also writing both short fiction for the magazines and published two novels in 1911, both with Stanley Paul. The first, A Prisoner in Paradise, about a man who finds his home in the tropics, was favourably received. The second, Camilla Forgetting herself, a story of all conquering love, which was lambasted by the critics.
Vahey had also published short fiction in the magazines and two novels which were very well received. He now recorded his profession as author. Vahey married Gertrude Crowe Barendt (c. 18806 November 1958) on 12 June in Poole, Dorset, England. The couple lived in London after the war, and at 5 Elms Avenue, Hendon, Middlesex, in the mid-1920s, and eventually settled at Branksome Park, in Bournemouth. It is not clear when they moved to Bournemouth, certainly it was in the late 1920s as the electoral register for 1925 found them in Hendon, and by 1931 Vahey had writing to The Observer talking about a grey squirrel raiding a nest that he had seen two years previously in Bournemouth.
Moss reports that the jacket biography on Loder's Two Dead (1934), states that Vahey's initial attempt at writing a novel was when he was in bed convalescent. The same bio make a number of claims:
Vahey began writing under the name John Haslette derived from joining his first and third given names. He published short magazine fiction and seven novels under this name between 1909 and 1917, when he enlisted in the army. His first novel was The Passion of the President, set in South America and centred abound the political struggle between the President of a country and his bitterest enemy. The book was very well received, judging by the reviewers' quotations in the publisher's display advertisements:
Five of the John Halsette novels were set in Latin America.
| 1 | 1909 | The Passion of the President | Everett & Co, London | 320 p., 8º | ||
| 2 | 1910 | The Carven Ball | Digby, Long & Co, London | 317 p., 8º | ||
| 3 | 1911 | Desmond Rourke, Irishman | Sampson Low, London | 308 p., 8º | ||
| 4 | 1912 | The Mesh | Sampson Low, London | 319 p., 8º | ||
| 5 | 1913 | The Shadow of Salvador | Heath Cranton & Ouseley, London | 320 p., 8º | ||
| 6 | 1914 | Johnnie Maddison | Smith, Elder & Co., London | 310 p., 8º | ||
| 7 | 1916 | The man who pulled the strings | Eveleigh Nash, London | 312 p., 8º |
Vahey enlisted in the Army on 23 July 1917, two months after his brother Hubert had enlisted. Vahey was in the Army Pay Corps in Wales. He was discharged on 14 January 1919 under paragraph 392 XVI of the King's Regulations. This paragraph refers to the discharge of a soldier no longer physically fit for war service. Vahey was awarded a 20% pension based on Debility as a result of sickness. Wales was badly affected by the Spanish Influenza pandemic in late 1918. The age group worst affected by the flu was the 25 to 45 age group. It is not certain that Vahey has debilitated by the Spanish Flu. He was only 38 years-old at the time, so his health must have been seriously compromised to have qualified for such a pension. It is notable the Vahey did not publish a novel again until the mid-1920s, another hint that he had been badly affected by whatever the illness was.
When Vahey started writing again in the 1920s he used his own name and a range of pseudonyms. His initial output was short fiction for magazines like The Cornhill Magazine, or Chambers Journal. Vahey's use of pseudonyms was quite complex, with some pseudonyms restricted to book with a particular publisher. The list of pseudonyms was taken from Gribben, which includes the Timony pseudonym, missing from other sources such as Hubin, and Kemp, but does not include the Varney pseudonym. Vahey's output works will be listed under each of the pseudonyms. It is possible that Vahey used other pseudonyms, or that there are titles that are not listed.
| John Haslette | 7 | 1909 | 1917 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| John Haslette Vahey | 15 | 1925 | 1935 | ||
| Arthur N. Timony | 3 | 1925 | 1928 | ||
| Anthony Lang | 5 | 1927 | 1930 | ||
| George Varney | 2 | 1927 | 1929 | ||
| Vernon Loder | 22 | 1928 | 1938 | ||
| Walter Proudfoot | 4 | 1931 | 1933 | ||
| John Mowbray | 1 | 1931 | 1931 | ||
| Henrietta Clandon | 7 | 1933 | 1938 |
One of the reasons for Vahey's use of pseudonyms become clear when one notes his phenomenal productivity. He published up to seven books a year, necessitating the use of more than one identity. He only wrote seven books in total in his first eight years as a writer, up to 1917.
| John Haslette Vahey | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arthur N. Timony | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||
| Anthony Lang | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||
| Vernon Loder | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 3 | ||||
| Walter Proudfoot | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||||
| John Mowbray | 1 | ||||||||||||||
| Henrietta Clandon | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| All books in that year | 3 | 4 | 2 | 6 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 4 | |
| Names used in the year | 2 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
Vahey used his own name (dropping the George) when he began writing books again in 1925. He was very productive, publishing three books in 1925 and four in 1926, using both this own name and the Timony pseudonym. The books under his own name ranged from romances to thrillers and whodunnits, with one western. He also published one illustrated children's book of verse' The New Zoo, and a collection of essays and sketches on fishing, which he selected and edited, The Humane Angler. Vahey continued to publish books under his own name until 1935.
| 1 | 1925 | Down River | Ward, Lock & Co, London | 307 p., 8º | ||
| 2 | 1925 | Fiddlestrings | Ward, Lock & Co, London | 320 p., 8º | ||
| 3 | 1926 | The Storm Lady | Ward, Lock & Co, London | 319 p., 8º | ||
| 4 | 1926 | Up North | Ward, Lock & Co, London | 313 p., 8º | ||
| 5 | 1926 | The New Zoo | Faber & Gwyer, London | 62 p., 8º | ||
| 6 | 1927 | Payment Down | Ward, Lock & Co, London | 319 p., 8º | ||
| 7 | 1928 | Solitude Limited | Ward, Lock & Co, London | 314 p., 8º | ||
| 8 | 1928 | The Money Barons | Ward, Lock & Co, London | 320 p., 8º | ||
| 9 | 1930 | Mr. Nemesis | Ward, Lock & Co, London | 127 p., 8º | ||
| 10 | 1931 | Mystery at the Inn | Ward, Lock & Co, London | 317 p., 8º | ||
| 11 | 1932 | Death by the Gaff | Skeffington & Son, London | 287 p., 8º | ||
| 12 | 1932 | The Wavering Balance | Ernest Benn, London | 159 p., 8º | ||
| 13 | 1932 | Witness in Support | Skeffington & Son, London | 288 p., 8º | ||
| 14 | 1932 | The Humane Angler | Hutchinson, London | xiv, 256 p., ill., 8º | ||
| 15 | 1933 | Tragic Lesson | Hutchinson, London | 287 p., 8º | ||
| 16 | 1934 | Spies in Ambush | Eyre & Spottiswoode, London | 279 p., 8º | ||
| 17 | 1935 | Secrets for Sale | Eyre & Spottiswoode, London | 280 p., 8º |
Vahey only used the Timony pseudonym for three novels, published from 1925 to 1928. This pseudonym is sometimes overlooked and while included in the list of Vahey pseudonyms given by Gribben, Neither Hubin nor Kemp include it in their lists of Vahey pseudonyms. The Timony novels were a mixed bag, ranging from thriller to romance. They were not reviewed as positively as some of his other work.
| 1 | 1925 | Blind sight | Collins, London | 310 p., 8º | ||
| 2 | 1926 | The Delilah of the moment | Collins, London | 300 p., 8º | ||
| 3 | 1928 | A Hedge without a Field | Alston Rivers, London | 315 p., 8º |
The five Anthony Lang Books were all whodunnits. All were published by Melrose, an example of Vahey keeping a particular pseudonym with a particular publisher.
| 1 | 1927 | The Crime | Melrose, London | 288 p., 8º | ||
| 2 | 1928 | Fly Country | Melrose, London | 287 p., 8º | ||
| 3 | 1928 | The Case with Three Threads | Melrose, London | 287 p., 8º | ||
| 4 | 1929 | The Daring Diana | Melrose, London | 287 p., 8º | ||
| 5 | 1930 | Evidence | Melrose, London | 287 p., 8º |
Vahey seems to have written only two books under the Varney pseudonym. They are a thriller and a whodunnit. This is the most elusive of Vahey's pseudonyms, with relatively few sources identifying it. However the identification is without doubt as Vahey registered copyright in the United States for the books written under this name.
| 1 | 1927 | The Missing Link | 287 p., 8º | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | 1929 | The Bungalow of Dead Birds | T. Nelson & Sons, Ltd., London | vi, 288 p., 8º |
Vahey's most productive pseudonym was that of Vernon Loder. Using this name he published 22 novels, all with Collins. All of those after 1930, when the Collins Crime Club was established, were Crime Club books, for crime novels and as Collins Mystery Novels for the three spy stories featuring Secret Service agent Donald Cairn. The dating of Crime Club issues is taken from the listing for Vernon Loder in Curran's Hooded Gunman: An Illustrated History of Collins Crime Club.
| 1 | 1928 | The Mystery at Stowe | Collins, London | vi, 292 p., 8º | |
| 2 | 1929 | The Vase Mystery | Collins, London ; Glasgow | 252 p., 8º | |
| 3 | 1929 | Whose Hand? | Collins, London | viii, 274 p., 8º | |
| 4 | 1930 | The Shop Window Murders | Collins, London | 252 p., 8º | |
| 5 | 1930 | The Essex Murders | Collins, London | 251 p., 8º | |
| 6 | 1931 | Death of an Editor | Collins, London | 251p., 8º | |
| 7 | 1931 | Red Stain | Collins, London | 266 p., 8º | |
| 8 | 1932 | Death in the Thicket | Collins, London | 252 p., 8º | |
| 9 | 1933 | Death at the Wheel | Collins, London | 252 p., 8º | |
| 10 | 1933 | Suspicion | Collins, London | 252 p., 8º | |
| 11 | 1934 | Murder from Three Angles | Collins, London | 252 p., 8º | |
| 12 | 1934 | Two Dead | Collins, London | 252 p., 8º | |
| 13 | 1935 | Death at the horse show | Collins, London | 252 p., 8º | |
| 14 | 1935 | The Case of the Dead Doctor | Collins, London | 252 p., 8º | |
| 15 | 1936 | Ship of secrets | Collins, London | 252 p., 8º | |
| 16 | 1936 | The Deaf-Mute Murders | Collins, London | 252 p., 8º | |
| 17 | 1936 | The Little Man Murders | Collins, London | 284 p., 8º | |
| 18 | 1937 | Choose Your Weapon | Collins, London | 252 p., 8º | |
| 19 | 1937 | The Men with the Double Faces | Collins, London | 252 p., 8º | |
| 20 | 1938 | A Wolf in the fold | Collins, London | 252 p., 8º. | |
| 21 | 1938 | The button in the plate | Collins, London | 252 p., 8º | |
| 22 | 1938 | Kill in the Ring | Collins, London | 252 p., 8º | |
The Walter Proudfoot books were mostly thrillers. Two of them feature Inspector Vallence. All of the Proudfoot books were published by Hutchinson over a three-year period from 1931 to 1933.
| 1 | 1931 | Crime in the arcade | Hutchinson, London | 288 p., 8º | ||
| 2 | 1932 | The Trail of the Ruby | Hutchinson, London | 288 p., 8º | ||
| 3 | 1933 | Arrest | Hutchinson, London | 286 p., 8º | ||
| 4 | 1933 | Conspiracy | Hutchinson, London | 288 p., 8º |
The problem with the John Mowbray pseudonym is that it was also used by Gunby Hadath. John Mowbray were the given names of both Hadath's maternal grandfather Rev. John Mowbray Pearson (11 Feb 180919 July 1850), and a maternal uncle of the same name (fourth quarter of 1838). Fourteen unique titles under this name are listed in The British Library catalogue.
Kemp attributes all of the Mowbray novels to Vahey, but of the five crime stories, only one, Call in the Yard (1931) is now attributed to Vahey by Hubin in his updated Crime Fiction IV: A Comprehensive Bibliography 1749–2000. Edwards says Mowbray had been identified with Hadath until the British Museum (now Library) catalogue firmly declared Mowbray the pseudonym of one J. G. H. Vahey, with no additional proof. The British Library sometimes indicates pseudonymous authorship unequivocally, as in the case of Harry Collingwood where his books are listed in the catalogue as being authored by Collingwood, Harry, pseud. (i.e. William Joseph Cosens Lancaster.) In the case of John Mowbray, there is now no such unequivocal assignment, it is merely that the year of birth and death are the same as those of Vahey, with Mowbray listed as: Mowbray, John, 1881–1938. This contrasts with the treatment of Mowbray by the British Museum in 1963 where he is described as: Mowbray (John) pseud, (i.e. John George Haslette Vahey.) The British Library Catalogue also gives coincident birth and death dates for John Haslette, Vernon Loder, Henrietta Clandon, Anthony Lang, Walter Proudfoot, and Arthur N. Timony.
The evidence for Hadath's authorship of the books by John Mowbray is as follows:
Hubin's bibliography of crime fiction in 1984 listed five titles as being by Vahey, using the pseudonym John Mowbray. These were
A sixth title, The Way of the Weasel. Partridge, 1922 was listed as being a questionable inclusion.
Of these titles:
| 1 | 1924 | The way of the Weasel | S.W. Partridge, London | 159 p., 1 ill., 8º | |
| 2 | 1925 | Something like a hero | Cassell & Co, London | 215 p., 8º | |
| 3 | 1925 | Barkworth's Last Year | Cassell & Co, London | 185 p., 8º | |
| 4 | 1926 | The Black Sheep of the School | Cassell & Co, London | 185 p., 8º | |
| 5 | 1927 | Feversham's fag | Cassell & Co, London | 215 p., 8º | |
| 6 | 1928 | Dismal Jimmy of the fourth | Cassell & Co, London | 215 p., 8º | |
| 7 | 1929 | Feversham's brother | Cassell & Co, London | 215 p., 8º | |
| 8 | 1930 | The feud at Fennell's | Cassell & Co, London | 215 p., 8º | |
| 9 | 1931 | The strongest chap in the school | Cassell & Co, London | 215 p., 8º | |
| 10 | 1931 | Call the Yard | Skeffington & Son, London | 256 p., 8º | |
| 11 | 1939 | On secret service | Cassell & Co, London | 303 p., 8º | |
| 12 | 1940 | The frontier mystery | Cassell & Co, London | 256 p., 8º | |
| 13 | 1941 | The radio mystery | Collins, London | 254 p., 8º | |
| 14 | 1941 | The Megève mystery | Cassell & Co, London | 256 p., 8º | |
All of the Clandon novels were published by Geoffrey Bles who was known for his flair in discovering writing talent. This is another example of Vahey working with a single publisher for a particular pseudonym. The Clandon novels are all Whodunnits, although the last, and the last book published by Vahey, features spies. This was at the end of the 1930s when the world was inexorably moving towards war. This was something that could be seen across the pseudonyms, with more spy stories featuring in Vahey's output.
| 1 | 1933 | Inquest | Geoffrey Bles, London | 285 p., 8º | |
| 2 | 1934 | The Ghost Party | Geoffrey Bles, London | 288 p., 8º | |
| 3 | 1935 | Rope by Arrangement | Geoffrey Bles, London | 294 p., 8º | |
| 4 | 1936 | Good By Stealth | Geoffrey Bles, London | 285 p., 8º | |
| 5 | 1936 | This Delicate Murder | Geoffrey Bles, London | 288 p., 8º | |
| 6 | 1937 | Power on the Scent | Geoffrey Bles, London | 287 p., 8º | |
| 7 | 1938 | Fog off Weymouth | Geoffrey Bles, London | 284 p., 8º | |
Vahey died on 15 June 1938. He was living at Flat 4, Reedley, Lindsay Road, Bournemouth, his widow was his executor and his estate was valued at just over £950. His widow survived him by a little more than 20 years, dying in Bournemouth on 6 November 1958, at 78 years of age.
Vahey was an amazingly prolific author. He published 59 books in the period 19251938, an average of over four a year. All but two of these were novels. This is a staggering output, because not only did he have to write the books, but also had all the usual back and forth correspondence on edits, proofs, covers, rights, serialisation etc. consumes a lot of time. On top of his, he was also producing shorter fiction for newspapers and magazines. His work as Loder was of high quality, as the Collins Crime Club was selective. Similarly his writing as Henrietta Clandon was quite well regarded, and four of the Clandon books have now been reissued as e-books. Two of the Loder novels have been reissued by Collins.
Moss states that: Loder never quite achieved the first rank of detective novelists, and has received scant attention in commentaries of the genre. Nonetheless, he was a popular, dependable author in the 1930s, and better than many; perhaps a paradigm of the English Golden Age mystery writer. Kemp states that Vahey matured into a competent hack writer. In the reviews of his work phrases like competent, craftsman, and well-drawn character frequently appear. Vahey had remained out of print since the 1930s, but is now starting to return to print. Six of his novels are currently available as commercial e-books, and three more are on archival sites.
In the preface to the first Vernon Loder novel published, the editor of the Collins Detective Story Club wrote that: Mr Vernon Loder is one of the most promising recruits to the ranks of detective story writers . . . He certainly knows how to provide a mystery baffling enough to satisfy the most exacting reader. In 2018 Moss hoped that the reissue of some of the Loder books would help Vahey to be: rediscovered and enjoyed by a new wider readership.