Anoctamin 6 Explained

Anoctamin 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ANO6 gene.^[1]

Function

This gene encodes a multi-pass transmembrane protein that belongs to the anoctamin family. This protein is an essential component for the calcium-dependent exposure of phosphatidylserine on the cell surface. The scrambling of phospholipid occurs in various biological systems, such as when blood platelets are activated, they expose phosphatidylserine to trigger the clotting system. Mutations in this gene are associated with Scott syndrome. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

Research

The protein may play a role in syncytia formation during COVID-19 infection.^[2]

See also

• Phospholipid scramblase

Further reading

• Rose JE, Behm FM, Drgon T, Johnson C, Uhl GR . Personalized smoking cessation: interactions between nicotine dose, dependence and quit-success genotype score . Mol. Med. . 16 . 7–8 . 247–53 . 2010 . 20379614 . 2896464 . 10.2119/molmed.2009.00159 .
• Suzuki J, Umeda M, Sims PJ, Nagata S . Calcium-dependent phospholipid scrambling by TMEM16F . Nature . 468 . 7325 . 834–8 . 2010 . 21107324 . 10.1038/nature09583 . 2010Natur.468..834S . 2433/131831 . 205223048 . free .
• Castoldi E, Collins PW, Williamson PL, Bevers EM . Compound heterozygosity for 2 novel TMEM16F mutations in a patient with Scott syndrome . Blood . 117 . 16 . 4399–400 . 2011 . 21511967 . 10.1182/blood-2011-01-332502 . free .
• Suzuki J, Nagata S . [Phospholipid scrambling by TMEM16F] . ja . Seikagaku . 83 . 11 . 1050–4 . 2011 . 22256604 .
• Wei JC, Hsu YW, Hung KS, Wong RH, Huang CH, Liu YT, Guo YC, Ikegawa S, Chang WC . Association study of polymorphisms rs4552569 and rs17095830 and the risk of ankylosing spondylitis in a Taiwanese population . PLOS ONE . 8 . 1 . e52801 . 2013 . 23308121 . 3537770 . 10.1371/journal.pone.0052801 . 2013PLoSO...852801W . free .
• Shimizu T, Iehara T, Sato K, Fujii T, Sakai H, Okada Y . TMEM16F is a component of a Ca2+-activated Cl- channel but not a volume-sensitive outwardly rectifying Cl- channel . Am. J. Physiol., Cell Physiol. . 304 . 8 . C748–59 . 2013 . 23426967 . 10.1152/ajpcell.00228.2012 .
• Kmit A, van Kruchten R, Ousingsawat J, Mattheij NJ, Senden-Gijsbers B, Heemskerk JW, Schreiber R, Bevers EM, Kunzelmann K . Calcium-activated and apoptotic phospholipid scrambling induced by Ano6 can occur independently of Ano6 ion currents . Cell Death Dis . 4 . 4. e611 . 2013 . 23618909 . 3668637 . 10.1038/cddis.2013.135 .
• Suzuki T, Suzuki J, Nagata S . Functional swapping between transmembrane proteins TMEM16A and TMEM16F . J. Biol. Chem. . 289 . 11 . 7438–47 . 2014 . 24478309 . 3953258 . 10.1074/jbc.M113.542324 . free .
• Ousingsawat J, Wanitchakool P, Schreiber R, Wuelling M, Vortkamp A, Kunzelmann K . Anoctamin-6 controls bone mineralization by activating the calcium transporter NCX1 . J. Biol. Chem. . 290 . 10 . 6270–80 . 2015 . 25589784 . 4358264 . 10.1074/jbc.M114.602979 . free .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: Anoctamin 6. 2017-09-28.
2. Braga. Luca. Ali. Hashim. Secco. Ilaria. Chiavacci. Elena. Neves. Guilherme. Goldhill. Daniel. Penn. Rebecca. Jimenez-Guardeño. Jose M.. Ortega-Prieto. Ana M.. Bussani. Rossana. Cannatà. Antonio. Rizzari. Giorgia. Collesi. Chiara. Schneider. Edoardo. Arosio. Daniele. Shah. Ajay M.. Barclay. Wendy S.. Malim. Michael H.. Burrone. Juan. Giacca. Mauro. Drugs that inhibit TMEM16 proteins block SARS-CoV-2 Spike-induced syncytia. Nature. 2021. 594. 7861. 88–93. 0028-0836. 10.1038/s41586-021-03491-6. 33827113. 7611055. 2021Natur.594...88B. free.