Annona tomentosa explained

Annona tomentosa is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Bolivia and Brazil.[1] Robert Elias Fries, the Swedish botanist who first formally described the species, named it after the dense woolly hairs (Latin: tomentosus in Latin) covering its branches and leaves.[2]

Description

It is a bush reaching 0.5-1.5 meters in height. The younger branches are covered in yellow-brown, dense, woolly hairs. Its internodes are 1-4 centimeters long. Its petioles are 3-4 millimeters long and covered in dense woolly hairs. Its oblong to oval leaves are 7-19 by 3.5-9 centimeters. The leaves are rounded or indented at their base and come to a tapered point at their tip. The leaves are covered in dense hair on their upper and lower surfaces. The leaves have 8-18 secondary veins emanating at an acute angle from either side of the midrib. Inflorescences emerge between nodes and have 1-2 flowers. Its pedicels are 1.5 centimeters long and have two kidney-shaped bracts that enclose their base. Its rounded sepals come to a point at the tip, are covered in dense woolly hairs on their outer surface, and are hairless on their inner surface. Its outer petals are 1.7 by 2 centimeters and come to a taper point or have blunt tips. The outer surfaces of the outer petals are covered in dense grey-yellow hairs. Its inner petals are 0.6-0.7 by 2 centimeters, have a keeled back and come to a point at their tip. Its stamens are 3 millimeters long. Its ovaries are covered in dense white hairs.[3]

Reproductive biology

The pollen of Annona tomentosa is shed as permanent tetrads.[4] Pollinators include Cyclocephala beetles.[5]

Habitat and distribution

It has been observed in fields with dry sand dunes.[3]

Uses

It is used in Brazilian traditional medicine and extracts from the leaves have been reported to provide antinociceptive pain relief and have anti-inflammatory activity in studies with mice.[6]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Annona tomentosa R.E.Fr. . . n.d. . Plants of the World Online . The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . January 6, 2019.
  2. Book: Stearn, William . Botanical Latin . Timber Press David & Charles . Portland, Ore. Newton Abbot . 2004 . 9780881926279 .
  3. Fries . Robert Elias . 1906 . Studien in der Riedel'schen Anonaceen-Sammlung . Studies in the Riedel Anonaceae Collection . German, Latin . Arkiv för Botanik . 5 . 4 . 1–24.
  4. Walker . James W. . 1971 . Pollen Morphology, Phytogeography, and Phylogeny of the Annonaceae . 41764703 . Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University . 202 . 202 . 1–130.
  5. Nascimento. Fabio S.. Costa. Marilza Silva. Silva. Ricardo José. Paulino-Neto. Hipólito Ferreira. Pereira. Mônica Josene Barbosa. Beetle pollination and flowering rhythm of Annona coriacea Mart. (Annonaceae) in Brazilian cerrado: Behavioral features of its principal pollinators. PLOS ONE. 12. 2. 2017. e0171092. 1932-6203. 10.1371/journal.pone.0171092. 28152094. 5289549. 2017PLoSO..1271092C. free.
  6. Carneiro. Lilian Uchoa. Silva. Ilna Gomes da. Souza. Mirian Eliza Alves de. Côrtes. Wellington da Silva. Carvalho. Mário Geraldo de. Marinho. Bruno Guimarães. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of leaf extracts from Annona tomentosa R.E.Fr. Journal of Integrative Medicine. 15. 5. 2017. 379–387. 2095-4964. 10.1016/S2095-4964(17)60349-2. 28844215.