Annexin A7 Explained

Annexin A7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ANXA7 gene.^{[1] [2]}

Annexin VII is a member of the annexin family of calcium-dependent phospholipid binding proteins. The Annexin VII gene contains 14 exons and spans approximately 34 kb of DNA. An alternatively spliced cassette exon results in two mRNA transcripts of 2.0 and 2.4 kb which are predicted to generate two protein isoforms differing in their N-terminal domain. The alternative splicing event is tissue specific and the mRNA containing the cassette exon is prevalent in brain, heart and skeletal muscle. The transcripts also differ in their 3'-non coding regions by the use of two alternative poly(A) signals. The selection of poly(A) signals is independent of the mRNA splicing pattern. ~Annexin VII encodes a protein with a molecular weight of approximately 51 kDa with a unique, highly hydrophobic N-terminal domain of 167 amino acids and a conserved C-terminal region of 299 amino acids. The latter domain is composed of alternating hydrophobic and hydrophilic segments. Structural analysis of the protein suggests that Annexin VII is a membrane binding protein with diverse properties including voltage-sensitive calcium channel activity, ion selectivity and membrane fusion.^[2]

Interactions

ANXA7 has been shown to interact with ALG2^[3] and SRI.^[4]

Further reading

• Creutz CE, Moss S, Edwardson JM . Differential recognition of secretory vesicles by annexins. European Molecular Biology Organization Course "Advanced Techniques for Studying Secretion" . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 184 . 1 . 347–52 . 1992 . 1533123 . 10.1016/0006-291X(92)91199-Z. etal.
• Magendzo K, Shirvan A, Cultraro C . Alternative splicing of human synexin mRNA in brain, cardiac, and skeletal muscle alters the unique N-terminal domain . J. Biol. Chem. . 266 . 5 . 3228–32 . 1991 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)49978-4 . 1825209 . etal. free .
• Burns AL, Magendzo K, Shirvan A . Calcium channel activity of purified human synexin and structure of the human synexin gene . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 86 . 10 . 3798–802 . 1989 . 2542947 . 10.1073/pnas.86.10.3798 . 287228 . etal. 1989PNAS...86.3798B. free .
• Selbert S, Fischer P, Pongratz D . Expression and localization of annexin VII (synexin) in muscle cells . J. Cell Sci. . 108 . 1. 85–95 . 1995 . 10.1242/jcs.108.1.85 . 7738119 . etal.
• Zhang-Keck ZY, Srivastava M, Kozak CA . Genomic organization and chromosomal localization of the mouse synexin gene . Biochem. J. . 301 . Pt 3. 835–45 . 1994 . 8053909 . 10.1042/bj3010835. 1137063 . etal.
• Maruyama K, Sugano S . Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides . Gene . 138 . 1–2 . 171–4 . 1994 . 8125298 . 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 .
• Brownawell AM, Creutz CE . Calcium-dependent binding of sorcin to the N-terminal domain of synexin (annexin VII) . J. Biol. Chem. . 272 . 35 . 22182–90 . 1997 . 9268363 . 10.1074/jbc.272.35.22182 . free .
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K . Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library . Gene . 200 . 1–2 . 149–56 . 1997 . 9373149 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 . etal.
• Clemen CS, Hofmann A, Zamparelli C, Noegel AA . Expression and localisation of annexin VII (synexin) isoforms in differentiating myoblasts . J. Muscle Res. Cell. Motil. . 20 . 7 . 669–79 . 2000 . 10672515 . 10.1023/A:1005524623337 . 20610226 .
• Caohuy H, Pollard HB . Activation of annexin 7 by protein kinase C in vitro and in vivo . J. Biol. Chem. . 276 . 16 . 12813–21 . 2001 . 11278415 . 10.1074/jbc.M008482200 . free .
• Srivastava M, Bubendorf L, Srikantan V . ANX7, a candidate tumor suppressor gene for prostate cancer . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 98 . 8 . 4575–80 . 2001 . 11287641 . 10.1073/pnas.071055798 . 31876 . etal. 2001PNAS...98.4575S . free .
• Clemen CS, Herr C, Lie AA . Annexin VII: an astroglial protein exhibiting a Ca2+-dependent subcellular distribution . NeuroReport . 12 . 6 . 1139–44 . 2001 . 11338180 . 10.1097/00001756-200105080-00018 . 28417182 . etal.
• Yu F, Finley RL, Raz A, Kim HR . Galectin-3 translocates to the perinuclear membranes and inhibits cytochrome c release from the mitochondria. A role for synexin in galectin-3 translocation . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 18 . 15819–27 . 2002 . 11839755 . 10.1074/jbc.M200154200 . free .
• Caohuy H, Pollard HB . Protein kinase C and guanosine triphosphate combine to potentiate calcium-dependent membrane fusion driven by annexin 7 . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 28 . 25217–25 . 2002 . 11994295 . 10.1074/jbc.M202452200 . free .
• Satoh H, Nakano Y, Shibata H, Maki M . The penta-EF-hand domain of ALG-2 interacts with amino-terminal domains of both annexin VII and annexin XI in a Ca2+-dependent manner . Biochim. Biophys. Acta . 1600 . 1–2 . 61–7 . 2002 . 12445460 . 10.1016/S1570-9639(02)00445-4.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . etal. 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Castle J, Garrett-Engele P, Armour CD . Optimization of oligonucleotide arrays and RNA amplification protocols for analysis of transcript structure and alternative splicing . Genome Biol. . 4 . 10 . R66 . 2004 . 14519201 . 10.1186/gb-2003-4-10-r66 . 328455 . etal . free .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA . The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 . etal.
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T . Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network . Nature . 437 . 7062 . 1173–8 . 2005 . 16189514 . 10.1038/nature04209 . etal. 2005Natur.437.1173R . 4427026 .

Notes and References

1. Shirvan A, Srivastava M, Wang MG, Cultraro C, Magendzo K, McBride OW, Pollard HB, Burns AL . Divergent structure of the human synexin (annexin VII) gene and assignment to chromosome 10 . Biochemistry . 33 . 22 . 6888–901 . Jul 1994 . 7515686 . 10.1021/bi00188a019 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: ANXA7 annexin A7.
3. Satoh . Hirokazu . Nakano Yoshimi . Shibata Hideki . Maki Masatoshi . Nov 2002 . The penta-EF-hand domain of ALG-2 interacts with amino-terminal domains of both annexin VII and annexin XI in a Ca2+-dependent manner . Biochim. Biophys. Acta . 1600 . 1–2 . 61–7 . Netherlands. 0006-3002. 12445460 . 10.1016/S1570-9639(02)00445-4.
4. Brownawell . A M . Creutz C E . Aug 1997 . Calcium-dependent binding of sorcin to the N-terminal domain of synexin (annexin VII) . J. Biol. Chem. . 272 . 35 . 22182–90 . UNITED STATES. 0021-9258. 9268363 . 10.1074/jbc.272.35.22182 . free .