Anna Smoleńska Explained

Anna Smoleńska
Birth Name:Anna Smoleńska
Birth Date:1920 2, df=yes
Birth Place:Warsaw, Poland
Death Place:Auschwitz-Birkenau, German-occupied Poland
Resting Place:Auschwitz concentration camp
Occupation:Student of art history, girl scout
Nationality:Polish

Anna Smoleńska (pronounced as /pl/; February 28, 1920 in Warsaw – March 19, 1943 in Auschwitz-Birkenau),[1] pseudonym Hania, Polish student of art history at the University of Warsaw,[2] author of the symbol of Fighting Poland during World War II, girl scout of the Gray Ranks.[3] [4]

Life

She was the daughter of,[5] a professor of chemistry at the Warsaw University of Technology.[6] The Smoleński family lived in the so-called House of Professors, which is part of the University of Technology's building complex at Koszykowa street 75.[7]

In 1938 she graduated from the Juliusz Słowacki Junior High School in Warsaw. She began studying art history at the Faculty of Humanities at the University of Warsaw.[8] During the German occupation, she studied at the Municipal Horticultural and Agricultural School at Opaczewska Street in Warsaw,[9] where secret education was conducted in Polish.[10] She completed a conspiracy communications course, and was a participant in the Wawer unit participating in Minor sabotage. She looked after the families of the arrested and provided them with secret messages from the Nazi Pawiak prison. She belonged to "Kuźnica Harcerska".[11] [12]

In 1942 she was a liaison at the Propaganda Department of the Bureau of Information and Propaganda (BIP) of the General Headquarters of the Union of Armed Struggle - the Home Army (ZWZ-AK).[13] In 1942 she won the competition of the Bureau of Information and Propaganda for the sign of the Polish Underground State - anchor project - the symbol of Fighting Poland.[14] [15]

Arrest

She was the liaison of Maria Straszewska, the editorial secretary of the Biuletyn Informacyjny.[16] The Germans tried to arrest the editor-in-chief of the Biuletyn Informacyjny Aleksander Kamiński and the editorial secretary Maria Straszewska, but failed. However, on November 3, 1942,[17] the Gestapo arrested Anna Smoleńska, her parents, sister and brother with his wife.[18]

Death at Auschwitz

After being imprisoned in Pawiak, she did not give anyone away, despite the heavy investigation. Smoleńska was later taken from Pawiak on November 26, 1942, to Auschwitz concentration camp, where she was given camp number 26008.[19] She died of typhus,[20] and three of her family members were killed in Auschwitz.[21] Her father, after a hard investigation, was shot by the Gestapo in the ruins of the ghetto on May 7, 1943.[22] [23]

Commemoration

In 1998, a commemorative plaque was unveiled, dedicated to the scouts: Anna Smoleńska and Tadeusz Zawadzki. The plaque was placed on the side wall of the House of Professors of the Warsaw University of Technology at Koszykowa 75 street in Warsaw.[24]

See also

Bibliography

External links

Notes and References

  1. Book: Michalska, Hanna . 1988 . Słownik uczestniczek walki o niepodległość Polski 1939-1945. Poległe i zmarłe w okresie okupacji niemieckiej . Dictionary of participants of the Polish struggle for independence 1939-1945. Fallen and died during the German occupation . Polish . Warsaw . Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy . 83-06-01195-3., p. 366
  2. Book: Michalska, Hanna . 1988 . Słownik uczestniczek walki o niepodległość Polski 1939-1945. Poległe i zmarłe w okresie okupacji niemieckiej . Dictionary of participants of the Polish struggle for independence 1939-1945. Fallen and died during the German occupation . Polish . Warsaw . Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy . 83-06-01195-3., p. 366
  3. Web site: Anna Smoleńska . 2 June 2020 . Polish . Anna Smolenska . 4 June 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200604023833/https://www.ipsb.nina.gov.pl/a/biografia/anna-smolenska . dead .
  4. Web site: To ona zaprojektowała znak Polski Walczącej. Kim była Anna Smoleńska? . 27 February 2019 . 2 June 2020 . Polish . She designed the sign of Fighting Poland. Who was Anna Smoleńska?.
  5. Web site: Anna Smoleńska . 2 June 2020 . Polish . Anna Smolenska . 4 June 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200604023833/https://www.ipsb.nina.gov.pl/a/biografia/anna-smolenska . dead .
  6. Book: Michalska, Hanna . 1988 . Słownik uczestniczek walki o niepodległość Polski 1939-1945. Poległe i zmarłe w okresie okupacji niemieckiej . Dictionary of participants of the Polish struggle for independence 1939-1945. Fallen and died during the German occupation . Polish . Warsaw . Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy . 83-06-01195-3., p. 366
  7. Web site: Anna Smoleńska . 2 June 2020 . Polish . Anna Smolenska . 4 June 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200604023833/https://www.ipsb.nina.gov.pl/a/biografia/anna-smolenska . dead .
  8. Web site: Anna Smoleńska . 2 June 2020 . Polish . Anna Smolenska . 4 June 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200604023833/https://www.ipsb.nina.gov.pl/a/biografia/anna-smolenska . dead .
  9. Web site: To ona zaprojektowała znak Polski Walczącej. Kim była Anna Smoleńska? . 27 February 2019 . 2 June 2020 . Polish . She designed the sign of Fighting Poland. Who was Anna Smoleńska?.
  10. Web site: Anna Smoleńska . 2 June 2020 . Polish . Anna Smolenska . 4 June 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200604023833/https://www.ipsb.nina.gov.pl/a/biografia/anna-smolenska . dead .
  11. Web site: Anna Smoleńska . 2 June 2020 . Polish . Anna Smolenska . 4 June 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200604023833/https://www.ipsb.nina.gov.pl/a/biografia/anna-smolenska . dead .
  12. Book: Michalska, Hanna . 1988 . Słownik uczestniczek walki o niepodległość Polski 1939-1945. Poległe i zmarłe w okresie okupacji niemieckiej . Dictionary of participants of the Polish struggle for independence 1939-1945. Fallen and died during the German occupation . Polish . Warsaw . Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy . 83-06-01195-3., p. 366
  13. Web site: To ona zaprojektowała znak Polski Walczącej. Kim była Anna Smoleńska? . 27 February 2019 . 2 June 2020 . Polish . She designed the sign of Fighting Poland. Who was Anna Smoleńska?.
  14. Web site: Anna Smoleńska . 2 June 2020 . Polish . Anna Smolenska . 4 June 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200604023833/https://www.ipsb.nina.gov.pl/a/biografia/anna-smolenska . dead .
  15. Web site: To ona zaprojektowała znak Polski Walczącej. Kim była Anna Smoleńska? . 27 February 2019 . 2 June 2020 . Polish . She designed the sign of Fighting Poland. Who was Anna Smoleńska?.
  16. Book: Michalska, Hanna . 1988 . Słownik uczestniczek walki o niepodległość Polski 1939-1945. Poległe i zmarłe w okresie okupacji niemieckiej . Dictionary of participants of the Polish struggle for independence 1939-1945. Fallen and died during the German occupation . Polish . Warsaw . Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy . 83-06-01195-3., p. 366
  17. Book: 1983 . Sylwetki profesorów Politechniki Warszawskiej. Kazimierz Smoleński (1876-1943) . Profiles of Warsaw University of Technology professors. Kazimierz Smoleński (1876-1943) . Polish . Warsaw . Pracownia Historyczna BGPW .
  18. Web site: Anna Smoleńska . 2 June 2020 . Polish . Anna Smolenska . 4 June 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200604023833/https://www.ipsb.nina.gov.pl/a/biografia/anna-smolenska . dead .
  19. Book: Michalska, Hanna . 1988 . Słownik uczestniczek walki o niepodległość Polski 1939-1945. Poległe i zmarłe w okresie okupacji niemieckiej . Dictionary of participants of the Polish struggle for independence 1939-1945. Fallen and died during the German occupation . Polish . Warsaw . Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy . 83-06-01195-3., p. 366
  20. Web site: Anna Smoleńska . Konarski . Stanisław . 2 June 2020 . Polish . Anna Smolenska . 4 June 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200604023833/https://www.ipsb.nina.gov.pl/a/biografia/anna-smolenska . dead .
  21. Book: Michalska, Hanna . 1988 . Słownik uczestniczek walki o niepodległość Polski 1939-1945. Poległe i zmarłe w okresie okupacji niemieckiej . Dictionary of participants of the Polish struggle for independence 1939-1945. Fallen and died during the German occupation . Polish . Warsaw . Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy . 83-06-01195-3., p. 366
  22. Web site: Anna Smoleńska . 2 June 2020 . Polish . Anna Smolenska . 4 June 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200604023833/https://www.ipsb.nina.gov.pl/a/biografia/anna-smolenska . dead .
  23. Web site: To ona zaprojektowała znak Polski Walczącej. Kim była Anna Smoleńska? . 27 February 2019 . 2 June 2020 . Polish . She designed the sign of Fighting Poland. Who was Anna Smoleńska?.
  24. Web site: Anna Smoleńska . 2 June 2020 . Polish . Anna Smolenska . 4 June 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200604023833/https://www.ipsb.nina.gov.pl/a/biografia/anna-smolenska . dead .

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