Animal models of epilepsy explained

Animal models of epilepsy have helped to advance the understanding of how normal brains develop epilepsy (a process known as Epileptogenesis), and have been used in pre-clinical trials of antiepileptic drugs.^[1] Epilepsy is a set of syndromes which have in common a predisposition to recurrent epileptic seizures.^[2] Animal models of epilepsy and seizures can be divided into three basic categories: genetic animal models, chemically induced models, and electrically induced models.^[3] New models are using light-gated ion channels to turn on cell firing and these are part of optogenetic induction models of epilepsy.^[4]

Notes and References

1. Sarkisian. Matthew R.. Overview of the Current Animal Models for Human Seizure and Epileptic Disorders. Epilepsy & Behavior. 31 May 2001. 2. 3. 201–216. 10.1006/ebeh.2001.0193. 12609365.
2. Chang . Bernard S. . Lowenstein, Daniel H. . Epilepsy . New England Journal of Medicine . 25 September 2003 . 349 . 13 . 1257–1266 . 10.1056/NEJMra022308. 14507951 .
3. Löscher . Wolfgang . Critical review of current animal models of seizures and epilepsy used in the discovery and development of new antiepileptic drugs . Seizure . 31 May 2011 . 20 . 5 . 359–368 . 10.1016/j.seizure.2011.01.003 . 21292505 . 1 August 2012. free .
4. Cela. Elvis. McFarlan. Amanda R.. Chung. Andrew J.. Wang. Taiji. Chierzi. Sabrina. Murai. Keith K.. Sjöström. P. Jesper. March 27, 2019. An Optogenetic Kindling Model of Neocortical Epilepsy. Scientific Reports. en. 9. 1. 5236. 10.1038/s41598-019-41533-2. 2045-2322. 6437216. 30918286.