Angiomyofibroblastoma Explained

Angiomyofibroblastoma is an uncommon benign mesenchymal tumor. It occurs mostly in the vulvovaginal area of women, but can also be observed in men. The World Health Organization, 2020, reclassified these tumors as a specific type of tumor in the category of fibroblastic and myofibroblastic tumors.^[1]

The gross features of AMFB are well-circumscribed. Usually, most tumors grow slowly, and patients do not feel pain. It also has low tendency for local recurrence.

Location

• In women
  • Female genital tract^[2]
  • Vulva^[3]
  • Posterior perivesical space^[4]
• In men
  • Spermatic cord^[5]

Pathology

Microscopical examination shows abundant thin-walled blood vessels with hypocellular and hypercellular areas.

Immunohistochemistry

Almost all tumor cells have immunoreactivity for both desmin and vimentin. It also express estrogen receptors and/or progesterone receptors, but staining for cytokeratin is negative.^[6]

Notes and References

1. Sbaraglia M, Bellan E, Dei Tos AP . The 2020 WHO Classification of Soft Tissue Tumours: news and perspectives . Pathologica . 113 . 2 . 70–84 . April 2021 . 33179614 . 8167394 . 10.32074/1591-951X-213 .
2. 11776120. 2000. Wang. J. Clinicopathologic analysis of angiomyofibroblastoma of the female genital tract. Chinese Medical Journal. 113. 11. 1036–9. Sheng. W. Tu. X. Shi. D. Zhu. X. Zhang. R.
3. 24328028. 2013. Seo. J. W.. Angiomyofibroblastoma of the vulva. Obstetrics & Gynecology Science. 56. 5. 349–51. Lee. K. A.. Yoon. N. R.. Lee. J. W.. Kim. B. G.. Bae. D. S.. 10.5468/ogs.2013.56.5.349. 3784123.
4. 18682679. 2008. Lim. K. J.. Angiomyofibroblastoma arising from the posterior perivesical space: A case report with MR findings. Korean Journal of Radiology. 9. 4. 382–5. Moon. J. H.. Yoon. D. Y.. Cha. J. H.. Lee. I. J.. Min. S. J.. 10.3348/kjr.2008.9.4.382. 2627271.
5. 20202207. 2010. Tzanakis. N. E.. Angiomyofibroblastoma of the spermatic cord: A case report. Journal of Medical Case Reports. 4. 79. Giannopoulos. G. A.. Efstathiou. S. P.. Rallis. G. E.. Nikiteas. N. I.. 10.1186/1752-1947-4-79. 2838917. free.
6. 24328028. 2013. Seo. J. W.. Angiomyofibroblastoma of the vulva. Obstetrics & Gynecology Science. 56. 5. 349–51. Lee. K. A.. Yoon. N. R.. Lee. J. W.. Kim. B. G.. Bae. D. S.. 10.5468/ogs.2013.56.5.349. 3784123.