Aneliya Nuneva-Vechernikova (Bulgarian: Анелия Нунева-Вечерниковa; born June 30, 1962) is a retired sprinter from Bulgaria who competed mainly in the 100 metres. In the final of the 100 m at the 1988 Summer Olympic Games she was drawn in lane four alongside the favorite, Florence Griffith-Joyner. She got out of the blocks well and challenged Griffith-Joyner up to about seventy metres when she abruptly pulled a muscle, resulting in her crossing the line in last place and injured. She reached the Olympic final again in 1992, finishing sixth. Her greatest successes were winning silver medals at the 1986 European Championships and 1987 World Indoor Championships. She was trained by Georgi Draganov.
| 1982 | European Championships | Athens, Greece | 4th | 100 m | 11.30 (wind: -0.5 m/s) |
| 6th | 200 m | 22.93 (wind: +0.9 m/s) | |||
| 4th | 4 × 100 m | 43.10 | |||
| 1983 | World Championships | Helsinki, Finland | semi-final | 100 m | 11.31 |
| 6th | 200m | 22.68 (wind 1.5) | |||
| 1984 | European Indoor Championships | Gothenburg, Sweden | 2nd | 60 m | 7.23 |
| Friendship Games | Prague, Czechoslovakia | 3rd | 100 m | 11.10 | |
| 5th | 200 m | 22.84 | |||
| bgcolor=gold | 1st | 42.62 | |||
| 1985 | World Cup | Canberra, Australia | 4th | 100 m | 11.50 |
| 1986 | Goodwill Games | Moscow, Soviet Union | 7th | 100 m | 11.40 |
| European Championships | Stuttgart, West Germany | 2nd | 100 m | 11.04 (wind: +0.8 m/s) | |
| 2nd | 4 × 100 m | 42.68 | |||
| 1987 | European Indoor Championships | Lievin, France | 2nd | 60 m | 7.06 |
| Indianapolis, United States | 2nd | 60 m | 7.10 | ||
| World Championships | Rome, Italy | 6th | 100 m | 11.09 | |
| 4th | 4 × 100 m | 47.71 | |||
| 1988 | Olympic Games | Seoul, South Korea | 8th | 100 m | 11.49 |
| 1992 | European Indoor Championships | Genoa, Italy | 2nd | 60 m | 7.29 |
| Olympic Games | Barcelona, Spain | 6th | 100 m | 11.10 | |
| 1994 | European Championships | Helsinki, Finland | 4th | 100 m | 11.40 (wind: +0.6 m/s) |
| 3rd | 4 × 100 m | 43.00 |