| Andrein | |
| Commune Status: | Commune |
| Arrondissement: | Oloron-Sainte-Marie |
| Canton: | Orthez et Terres des Gaves et du Sel |
| Insee: | 64022 |
| Postal Code: | 64390 |
| Mayor: | Alain Martin[1] |
| Term: | 2020 - 2026 |
| Intercommunality: | Béarn des Gaves |
| Coordinates: | 43.3933°N -0.8997°W |
| Elevation M: | 74 |
| Elevation Min M: | 57 |
| Elevation Max M: | 221 |
| Area Km2: | 7.80 |
Andrein (in French pronounced as /ɑ̃dʁɛ̃/; Occitan (post 1500);: label=[[Béarnese dialect|Béarnese]]|Andrenh) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of south-western France.
Andrein is a béarnaise commune located on the left bank of the Gave d'Oloron 5 kilometres east of Sauveterre-de-Béarn and some 16 km south-west of Orthez. Access to the commune is by road D27 from Sauveterre-de-Bearn passing through the commune and the village and continuing east to Laàs. The D23 road from Burgaronne to L'Hôpital-d'Orion also passes through the north of the commune. The commune is mixed forest and farmland.[2]
Located in the Drainage basin of the Adour, the southern border of the commune is formed by the Gave d'Oloron. Numerous streams flow south through the commune to the Gave d'Oloron including the Malourau and the Lourou which forms the eastern border. The northern border is formed by the Arrec Heurre which flows west to eventually join the Gave d'Oleron east of Abitain.[2]
The commune name in Béarnese dialect and in Gascon Occitan is Andrenh. Brigitte Jobbé-Duval[4] indicated that the name actually came from the family name Andréas with the suffix -enh. She also mentioned that the villagers were once called "cherry eaters".
The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.
| Name | Spelling | Date | Source | Page | Origin | Description | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Andrein | Andrenh | 1385 | Raymond | Census | Village | ||
| Andreinh | 1544 | Raymond | Reformation | ||||
| Sanctus Petrus d'Andrein | 1674 | Raymond | Insinuations | ||||
| Araspy | Araspin | 1385 | Raymond | Census | Farm | ||
| Araspin de haut | 1614 | Raymond | Reformation | ||||
| Araspin de baig | 1614 | Raymond | Reformation | ||||
| Arrouzère | Arrosere | 1385 | Raymond | Census | Farm | ||
| Arrozere | 1391 | Raymond | Navarrenx | ||||
| Bachoué | Bachoué | 1641 | Raymond | Reformation | Fief, vassal of the Viscounts of Béarn | ||
| Bétouzet | Bétouzet | 1611 | Raymond | Fief, vassal of the Viscounts of Béarn | |||
| Carjuzan | Carjuzan | Raymond | Barony, subject to the Viscounts of Béarn | ||||
| Charrie | L'ostau de Xarre | 1385 | Raymond | Census | Farm | ||
| Charrie | 1614 | Raymond | Reformation | ||||
| Charie | 1863 | Raymond | |||||
| Espiubeg | Espiubeig | 1780 | Raymond | Denombrement | Place | ||
| Espiubeigt | 1780 | Raymond | Denombrement | ||||
| Larsun | Larsuno | 1540 | Raymond | Reformation | Hamlet | ||
| Lauga | Lauga | 1728 | Raymond | Denombrement | Fief, vassal of the Viscounts of Béarn | ||
| Le Poey | Le Poey | 1863 | Raymond | Place | |||
| Sahores | Saƒores | 1397 | Raymond | Navarrenx | Farm | ||
| La Salle | La Sale d'Andrenh | 1385 | Raymond | Census | Fief, vassal of the Viscounts of Béarn, subject to the bailiwick of Sauveterre | ||
| La Sala d'Andrenh | 1538 | Raymond | Reformation | ||||
| Touroun | La maison noble du Touron | 1728 | Raymond | Denombrement | Fief | ||
| Le Turon | 1863 | Raymond |
Sources:
Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, 1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. [5]
Origins:
Paul Raymond on page 6 of his 1863 dictionary noted that the commune had a Lay Abbey, a vassal of the Viscounts of Béarn.[5] In 1385 Andrein reported 17 fires and depended on the bailiwick of Sauveterre.[5]
List of Successive Mayors[11]
The commune is part of five intercommunal structures:[12]
The inhabitants of the commune are known as Andreinais or Andreinaises in French.[13]
Economic activity is mainly agricultural. The town is part of the Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) zone of Ossau-iraty.
The Touron de Larochelle is 195 metres high.[3]