Anatoly Petrovich Novoseltsev (Анатолий Петрович Новосельцев; 26 July 1933, Irkutsk, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics – 12 September 1995 Moscow, Russia) was a Russian orientalist who brought to light and translated into Russian a slew of obscure Persian and Arab documents relating to the early history of Kievan Rus'.
Together with Vladimir Pashuto he authored The Foreign Policy of Ancient Rus (1968), a groundbreaking study that demonstrated that Rus' had been as active in the Caucasus and Central Asia as it had been in Europe.[1] He later published a sketch of the history of Khazaria and opposed the Anti-Normanist dogma perpetuated in the official Soviet historiography inter alia by Boris Rybakov.
Novoseltsev was elected a corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 1984.[2] He managed the Russian History Institute, affiliated with the Academy of Sciences, between 1988 and 1993. He was succeeded by Andrey Nikolayevich Sakharov.