Anapa Campaign (1787) Explained

Conflict:Anapa campaign (1787)
Partof:Sheikh Mansur Movement
Date:20–25 September 1787
Place:Anapa, North Caucasus
Result:North Caucasian victory
Combatant1: Sheikh Mansur Movement
Combatant2: Tsardom of Russia
Commander2: Maxim Rebinder
General Ratiev
Strength1:11,000
Strength2:8,000 men
35 cannons
Casualties1:Unknown
Casualties2:200+ killed
large number of wounded

The Anapa campaign (1787) was a military expedition launched by the Russians to capture the fortress of Anapa. The Russians failed to capture the fort.

Background

The Ottoman Empire declared war on Russia on August 13, 1787. The Empress of Russia, Catherine the Great declared war against the Ottomans in response. These events made the Ottomans establish an alliance with the Chechen leader, Sheikh Mansur. The Ottomans sent expensive presents, hoping to recruit the Caucasians to join them in their ranks. Imam Mansur was also seeking help from the Ottomans against the Russians, saying that he exhaustively fought the Russians continuously. The Ottoman sultan dispatched a clock and binoculars as a gift and recognized Mansur as the leader of the Caucasian people. The Ottomans also dispatched the governor of Trabzon, Kose Mustafa Pasha, to Anapa in order to support Imam Mansur. Mansur learned of the Ottoman march and went to meet them.

Campaign

Catherine dispatched an army to conquer the Ottoman fortress of Anapa, and Tsemez, a Russian force consisting of 8,000 men and 35 cannons, led by General Potemkin, was marching towards Anapa. Mansur was marching as well; however, he encountered the Russian army in Obun, a place between Laba and Urup. Imam Mansur's force was 7,000 men, consisting of people from Circassia, Chechenia, Kuban, and the Nogais. Mansur fought the Russians from September 20 to 22. The Chechens weren't able to compete with the Russians, so they withdrew. Immediately after this battle, Potemkin marched to Anapa and arrived there on September 25. The Russians thought Anapa was abandoned; however, the Imam with a detachment of 300 people, under the cover of darkness, attacked the rearguard of the Russian troops and almost crushed it, After a two-hour battle, Mansur's warriors retreated.

On the same day, General Ratiev and his troops received an order to retreat beyond the Kuban. The main goal for this campaign did not end in success. Russian troops failed to capture the rebel imam and defeat his troops. In the battle with the Caucasians, the Russians suffered significant losses. Up to 200 people were killed, and there were also a large number of wounded. In this regard, on September 25, Potemkin ordered the troops to return to the shores of the Kuban.

See also

Bibliography