| Ananev uezd | |
| Native Name: | Ананьевский уезд |
| Native Name Lang: | ru |
| Settlement Type: | Uezd |
| Mapsize: | 225px |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | Russian Empire |
| Subdivision Type1: | Governorate |
| Subdivision Name1: | Kherson |
| Established Title: | Established |
| Established Date: | 1834 |
| Extinct Title: | Abolished |
| Extinct Date: | 1921 |
| Seat Type: | Capital |
| Seat: | Ananev |
| Area Total Km2: | 9041 |
| Population As Of: | 1897 |
| Population Total: | 187,226 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
The Ananyevsky uezd (;), located in modern-day Ukraine, was one of the subdivisions of the Kherson Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the southwestern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Ananiv (Ananyev).
At the time of the Russian Empire Census of 1897, Ananyevsky Uyezd had a population of 265,762. Of these, 62.0% spoke Ukrainian, 13.5% Moldovan or Romanian, 11.0% Russian, 8.3% Yiddish, 3.8% German, 0.7% Polish, 0.2% Romani, 0.2% Bulgarian, 0.1% Czech, 0.1% Belarusian and 0.1% Greek as their native language.[1]