| Official Name: | Anacortes, Washington |
| Settlement Type: | City |
| Mapsize: | 250px |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Type1: | State |
| Subdivision Type2: | County |
| Subdivision Name: | United States |
| Subdivision Name1: | Washington |
| Subdivision Name2: | Skagit |
| Government Type: | Mayor–council |
| Leader Title: | Mayor |
| Leader Name: | Matthew Miller |
| Unit Pref: | Imperial |
| Area Footnotes: | [1] |
| Area Total Km2: | 40.53 |
| Area Land Km2: | 30.30 |
| Area Water Km2: | 10.23 |
| Population As Of: | 2020 |
| Population Est: | 17832 |
| Pop Est As Of: | 2021 |
| Population Total: | 17637 |
| Population Density Km2: | 578.45 |
| Population Density Sq Mi: | 1498.16 |
| Timezone: | PST |
| Utc Offset: | -8 |
| Timezone Dst: | PDT |
| Utc Offset Dst: | -7 |
| Coordinates: | 48.5019°N -122.6236°W |
| Area Total Sq Mi: | 15.65 |
| Area Land Sq Mi: | 11.70 |
| Area Water Sq Mi: | 3.95 |
| Elevation M: | 7 |
| Elevation Ft: | 23 |
| Postal Code Type: | ZIP code |
| Postal Code: | 98221 |
| Area Code: | 360 |
| Area Code Type: | Area code |
| Blank Name: | FIPS code |
| Blank Info: | 53-01990 |
| Blank1 Name: | GNIS feature ID |
| Blank1 Info: | 1511964[2] |
Anacortes is a city in Skagit County, Washington, United States. The name "Anacortes" is an adaptation of the name of Anne Curtis Bowman, who was the wife of early Fidalgo Island settler Amos Bowman.[3] Anacortes' population was 17,637 at the time of the 2020 census.[4] It is one of two principal cities of and included in the Mount Vernon-Anacortes Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Anacortes is known for the Washington State Ferries dock and terminal serving Lopez Island, Shaw Island, Orcas Island, and San Juan Island. There is also a Skagit County-operated ferry that serves Guemes Island, a residential island located across Guemes Channel, north of Anacortes.
Anacortes is within the historical territory of the Samish people. Anacortes was officially incorporated on May 19, 1891.
In 1877, railroad surveyor and town founder Amos Bowman moved his family to the northern tip of Fidalgo Island. Bowman began promoting the area as an obvious terminus for the Northern Pacific Railway as it was built through the north Cascades to the Pacific. Bowman established the town's first newspaper, The Northwest Enterprise, to promote his vision of the New York of the West.
Seattle and Northern Company began building a rail line from the town in 1888. Real estate and development boomed from 1888 to 1890 as a result of the railroad rumors, and the Oregon Improvement Company posted $15 million in bonds to develop the town.[5]
In 1891, the real estate bubble burst. Speculators lost money and the Oregon Improvement Company could no longer afford to complete tracks over the Cascades. The town failed to become the railroad terminus Bowman had envisioned.[6]
After the bust, the town became prominent for its fishing tradition, thriving canning industry, and timber mills.
Anacortes is on Fidalgo Island. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 15.53sqmi, of which 11.75sqmi is land and 3.78sqmi is water.[7]
According to the Köppen climate classification system, Anacortes has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Csb) with cool, rainy winters and warm, dry summers.
As of the 2010 census,[8] there were 15,778 people, 6,980 households, and 4,461 families residing in the city. The population density was 1342.8PD/sqmi. There were 7,680 housing units at an average density of 653.6/sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 91.5% White, 0.7% African American, 1.0% Native American, 1.9% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 1.6% from other races, and 3.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.0% of the population.
There were 6,980 households, of which 24.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.5% were married couples living together, 9.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 36.1% were non-families. 29.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.25 and the average family size was 2.75.
The median age in the city was 47.2 years. 19.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21.4% were from 25 to 44; 29.9% were from 45 to 64; and 22.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.9% male and 52.1% female.
Anacortes is on Fidalgo Island. Rosario Strait and the San Juan Islands are to the West while to the South, Deception Pass separates Fidalgo and Whidbey Islands. To the East, the Swinomish Channel separates Fidalgo Island from the mainland. The weather is milder than other areas of the Pacific Northwest, because it lies within the Olympic Mountain rain shadow. Fidalgo Island gets 21 inches of rain per year, only half as much as Seattle.
First known as Ship Harbor, Anacortes was established with a name and a post office in 1879 in the vain hope that it would be selected as the western terminus of the transcontinental railroad. The town was officially incorporated in 1891 shortly after the railroad bust, and became a lumber and fishing center.
In the 1950s, oil companies built big refineries near Anacortes. Two of the five refineries operating in Washington are located near the town. One is owned and operated by Marathon Petroleum (opened in 1955, it was originally built and owned by Shell Oil and later operated by Andeavor [formerly Tesoro]), operating as the Marathon Anacortes Refinery, the other was owned and operated by Shell Puget Sound Refinery Company (opening in 1957, and originally built and owned by Texaco). However, HollyFrontier has now bought the refinery. Refining remains the area's largest industry, but the economic base now includes yacht construction/shipbuilding, tourism.
Anacortes has a mayor–council government with an elected mayor and seven city councilmembers, of whom three are elected from single member wards. The remaining four are elected at-large.
The city government operates a municipal broadband system that began operation as a pilot in late 2019 and will expand to the entire city in 2023.[9] [10]
Anacortes is a popular destination for boaters and those traveling on to the San Juan Islands. The city maintains a 220acres city park on the northwestern end of Fidalgo Island named "Washington Park". This park features camping, boat launching, and views of the San Juan Islands. The most prominent view is of Cypress Island.As a result of Anacortes' proximity to the Strait of Juan de Fuca, the area provides opportunities for whale-watching. The waters off of Anacortes and Fidalgo Island are home to several varieties of marine-life, including three resident Orca pods.
Anacortes Community Forest Lands, 2800acres with 50miles of mountain biking and hiking trails, are a valuable amenity in a city the size of Anacortes. In adjacent Mount Erie Park, a number of rock climbing routes are popular on the cliffs of the south and west faces of Mount Erie. Mount Erie offers scenic vistas from its 1273-foot peak.[11]
Anacortes hosts many long-distance cyclists, as it is the western terminus of the Adventure Cycling Association's Northern Tier cross-country bicycle route, which ends in Bar Harbor, Maine.
Anacortes' sister cities are:[19] [20]
