| Spiddal | |
| Other Name: | Spiddle |
| Native Name: | Irish: An Spidéal |
| Settlement Type: | Village |
| Pushpin Map: | Ireland |
| Pushpin Label Position: | none |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location in Ireland |
| Coordinates: | 53.2442°N -9.3059°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | Ireland |
| Subdivision Type1: | Province |
| Subdivision Name1: | Connacht |
| Subdivision Type2: | County |
| Subdivision Name2: | County Galway |
| Unit Pref: | Metric |
| Population Footnotes: | [1] |
| Population As Of: | 2022 |
| Population: | 254 |
| Blank Name: | Irish grid reference |
| Footnotes: | In statute law, the village's official name is Irish: An Spidéal, or in the English language, Spiddle.[2] |
Spiddal, also known as Spiddle (Irish and official name: Irish: An Spidéal, pronounced as /ga/, meaning 'the hospital'),[3] is a village on the shore of Galway Bay in County Galway, Ireland. It is west of Galway city, on the R336 road.[4] It is on the eastern side of the county's Gaeltacht (Irish-speaking area) and of the Connemara region. According to the 2022 census, approximately 75% of the population are Irish-speaking and, of these, approximately 40% speak Irish on a daily basis outside the education system.[1] It is a centre for tourism with a beach, harbour, and shore fishing. The village is part of the civil parish of Moycullen.
The name of the village in Irish, Irish: An Spidéal, derives from the word Irish: ospidéal, which in turn derived from the Insular French, or Anglo-Normand, word French: ospitel.[5]
The name originates from a mediaeval leper hospital situated in Irish: An Spidéal Thiar (West Spiddal). A number of other hospital facilities were based in the area over the years, including a famine hospital during the Great Famine of the mid-1840s. While "Spiddle" is recorded in the Placenames Database of Ireland as the English variant of the name, "Spiddal" is used locally.[6]
Spiddal, like much of the west of Ireland, suffered greatly during the Great Famine of the 1840s, with many people being evicted, and many starving. Appeals were made by the parish priest John O'Grady and by A.W. Blake and, as a result, the Board of Works employed some men in improvements to the village harbour.[7]
From 1848, the evangelical Protestant Irish Church Missions were active, establishing the Connemara Orphan's Nursery (Spiddal Orphanage or Irish: Nead Le Farraige) in the early 1850s,[8] [9] the home could accommodate up to 90 boys and girls, and became affiliated with the Protestant-run Smyly Homes (and was even referred to as The Bird's Nest, the name of the home in Dublin).[10] Following its closure as an orphanage, it became a secondary school for girls run by the Catholic Sisters of Mercy.
The local Catholic church, Irish: Cill Éinde (church of Saint Enda), was built in 1904.[4] [11] The ruin of an older chapel, dating to 1776, is nearby.[12]
There are a number of pubs, shops and other services in the village.[4] Spiddal's Garda (police) station is on Mountain Road.[13] [14] Irish: An Cheardlann ("the workshop" in Irish) is a craft centre east of the village where craft works are made and sold.
There is a primary school (Irish: Scoil Náisiúnta Éinne) and secondary school (Irish: Coláiste Chroí Mhuire).[4]
The area is served by Bus Éireann route 424 from Galway City.[15] The Boluisce River flows south from Boluisce Lake and enters Galway Bay at Spiddal.[16]
Each summer, groups of Irish teenagers visit Spiddal for three-week Irish language courses. Irish: Coláiste Chonnacht and Irish: Coláiste Lurgan are two Irish language summer schools. American students visit for the autumn term each year to study Irish-language literature and culture.
Live traditional Irish music is regularly performed in the village's pubs. The music group The Waterboys recorded part of their Fisherman's Blues album in Spiddal.[17] They also recorded a song called Spring Comes to Spiddal on their album Room to Roam. The television series Irish: [[Ros na Rún]] is filmed there, and broadcast on TG4.[18]
The local Gaelic Athletic Association club is Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael An Spidéal, with Gaelic football and hurling being the most popular sports. There is also a sailing club in the village.