Amy Cuddy Explained

Amy Cuddy
Birth Date:July 23, 1972
Birth Place:Robesonia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Workplaces:Rutgers University
Kellogg School of Management
Harvard Business School
Alma Mater:University of Colorado
Princeton University
Thesis Title:The BIAS Map: Behavior from intergroup affect and stereotypes
Thesis Year:2005
Doctoral Advisor:Susan Fiske

Amy Joy Casselberry Cuddy (born July 23, 1972)[1] [2] is an American social psychologist, author and speaker. She is a proponent of "power posing",[3] [4] a self-improvement technique whose scientific validity has been questioned.[5] [6] She has served as a faculty member at Rutgers University, Kellogg School of Management and Harvard Business School.[7] Cuddy's most cited academic work involves using the stereotype content model that she helped develop to better understand the way people think about stereotyped people and groups.[8] Though Cuddy left her tenure-track position at Harvard Business School in the spring of 2017,[5] she continues to contribute to its executive education programs.[9]

Early life and education

Cuddy grew up in Robesonia, Pennsylvania. She graduated from Conrad Weiser High School in 1990.[10]

In 1998, Cuddy earned a Bachelor of Arts in psychology, graduating magna cum laude from the University of Colorado. She experienced a traumatic brain injury during college.[11] She attended the University of Massachusetts Amherst from 1998 to 2000 before transferring to Princeton University to follow her adviser, Susan Fiske. She received a Master of Arts in 2003 and a Doctor of Philosophy in 2005 in social psychology (dissertation: "The BIAS Map: Behavior from intergroup affect and stereotypes") from Princeton University.[12]

Academic career

From 2005 to 2006, Cuddy was an assistant professor of psychology at Rutgers University. From 2006 to 2008, she was an assistant professor at the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University,[13] where she taught leadership in organizations in the MBA program and research methods in the doctoral program. From 2008 to 2017, she was an assistant professor and then associate professor in the Negotiation, Organizations and Markets Unit at the Harvard Business School, where she taught courses in negotiations, leadership, power and influence, and research methods.[14] In the spring of 2017, The New York Times reported, "she quietly left her tenure-track job at Harvard",[5] where she lectured in the psychology department.[15]

Research

Stereotypes

See also: Stereotype content model. In 2002, Cuddy co-authored the proposal of the stereotype content model, with Susan Fiske and Peter Glick (Lawrence University).[16] In 2007, the same authors proposed the "Behaviors from Intergroup Affect and Stereotypes" (BIAS) Map model.[17] These models propose to explain how individuals make judgments of other people and groups within two core trait dimensions, warmth and competence, and to discern how these judgments shape and motivate our social emotions, intentions, and behaviors.[18]

Power posing

See also: Power posing. In 2010, Cuddy, Dana Carney and Andy Yap published the results of an experiment on how nonverbal expressions of power (such as expansive, open, space-occupying postures)[19] affect people's feelings, behaviors, and hormone levels.[20] [21] In particular, they claimed that adopting body postures associated with dominance and power ("power posing") for as little as two minutes can increase testosterone, decrease cortisol, increase appetite for risk, and cause better performance in job interviews. This was widely reported in popular media.[22] [23] [24] David Brooks summarized the findings, "If you act powerfully, you will begin to think powerfully."[25]

Other researchers tried to replicate this experiment with a larger group of participants and a double-blind setup.[26] The experimenters found that power posing increased subjective feelings of power, but did not affect hormones or actual risk tolerance. They published their results in Psychological Science.[27] Though Cuddy and others are continuing to carry out research into power posing, Carney has disavowed the original results. The theory is often cited as an example of the replication crisis in psychology, in which initially seductive theories cannot be replicated in follow-up experiments.[28] [29] [30]

Publications

BooksIn December 2015 Cuddy published a self-help book advocating power posing, Presence: Bringing Your Boldest Self to Your Biggest Challenges, which built on the value of the outward practice of power posing to focus on projecting one's authentic self with the inward-focused concept of presence—defined as "believing in and trusting yourself – your real honest feelings, values and abilities."[31] The book reached at least as high as #3 on The New York Times Best Seller list (Advice, How-To & Miscellaneous) in February 2016.[32] The book was translated into 32 languages.[33]
Academic papers
TED talk

Awards and honors

External links

Notes and References

  1. middle names and year of birth as reported by worldcat.org
  2. 758615167211036672. amyjccuddy. Ah, thanks for all the birthday wishes yesterday, but my birthday was on the 23rd. Not sure what happened there.. 28 July 2016.
  3. Web site: TedTalks: Your body language shapes who you are. 9 September 2013.
  4. Web site: TedTalks: Most Viewed TEDTalks. 7 August 2014.
  5. News: When the Revolution Came for Amy Cuddy. Dominus. Susan. October 18, 2017. October 19, 2017. The New York Times.
  6. Web site: Sorry, but standing like Superman probably won't make your life any better. . 13 September 2017. 18 December 2017.
  7. Web site: Harvard Kennedy School, Center for Public Leadership. https://web.archive.org/web/20181019122108/https://cpl.hks.harvard.edu/people/amy-cuddy. 2018-10-19. dead.
  8. Web site: Google Scholar - Amy Cuddy.
  9. Web site: Faculty - Executive Education.
  10. Web site: Scheid . Lisa . Best-selling author and social psychologist recalls Berks roots . Reading Eagle . en . 2016-07-17 . 18 June 2018 . 18 July 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160718141305/http://www.readingeagle.com/money/article/amy-cuddy-recalls-her-berks-roots . dead .
  11. News: Dominus . Susan . 2017-10-18 . When the Revolution Came for Amy Cuddy . en-US . The New York Times . 2023-10-01 . 0362-4331.
  12. Web site: Curriculum Vitae Amy J. C. Cuddy. HBS.
  13. Web site: Kellogg School of Management, Meet the new faculty. Kellogg World . 23 June 2012.
  14. Web site: Program on Negotiation at Harvard Law School, Academic Programs & Faculty. 2013. Harvard University. June 18, 2018.
  15. Web site: Harvard University Course Catalog. courses.harvard.edu. 2018-06-21. 21 June 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180621043020/https://courses.harvard.edu/detail?q=id:d_colgsas_2017_2_205536_001&returnUrl=search%3Fq%3DAmy%2520Cuddy%26sort%3Dcourse_title%2520asc%26start%3D0%26rows%3D25. dead.
  16. Cuddy. Amy J. C.. Fiske, Susan T.. Glick, Peter. Xu, Jun. A model of (often mixed) stereotype content: Competence and warmth respectively follow from perceived status and competition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. June 2002. 82. 6. 878–902. 10.1037/0022-3514.82.6.878. 12051578. 17057403 .
  17. Cuddy. Amy J. C.. Fiske, Susan T.. Glick, Peter. The BIAS map: Behaviors from intergroup affect and stereotypes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. April 2007. 92. 4. 631–648. 10.1037/0022-3514.92.4.631. 17469949. 16399286 .
  18. Krakovsky. Marina. Mixed Impressions: How We Judge Others on Multiple Levels. Scientific American Mind . 21. 12. 10.1038/scientificamericanmind0110-12. 2010.
  19. Venton. Danielle. Power Postures Can Make You Feel More Powerful. Wired. 28 May 2012. 15 May 2012.
  20. Carney. Dana R.. Cuddy, Amy J. C.. Yap, Andy J.. Power Posing – Brief Nonverbal Displays Affect Neuroendocrine Levels and Risk Tolerance. Psychological Science. October 2010. 21. 10. 1363–1368. 10.1177/0956797610383437. 20855902. 1126623.
  21. Boost Power Through Body Language. HBR Blog Network. Harvard Business Review. 28 May 2012. 2011-04-06.
  22. Web site: Buchanan. Leigh. Leadership Advice: Strike a Pose. Inc.. 28 May 2012. May 2012.
  23. Web site: Baron. Neil. Power Poses: Tweaking Your Body Language for Greater Success. Expert Perspective. Fast Company. 28 May 2012. 2012-04-13.
  24. Web site: Halverson, Ph.D.. Heidi Grant. Feeling Timid and Powerless? Maybe It's How You Are Sitting. The Science of Success. Psychology Today. 28 May 2012.
  25. News: Brooks. David. Matter Over Mind. The New York Times. 20 April 2011.
  26. Where the original experiment had 42 subjects (21 in each condition), Ranehill et al. had 200. The experimenters were kept unaware of which condition each subject was in to avoid experimenter bias.
  27. Ranehill. E.. Dreber. A.. Johannesson. M.. Leiberg. S.. Sul. S.. Weber. R. A.. Assessing the Robustness of Power Posing: No Effect on Hormones and Risk Tolerance in a Large Sample of Men and Women. Psychological Science. 26. 5. 25 March 2015 . 653–656. 0956-7976. 10.1177/0956797614553946. 25810452. 28372856.
  28. Web site: Singal. Jesse. There's an Interesting House-of-Cards Element to the Fall of Power Poses. New York magazine. 27 September 2016 . 21 October 2017. Web site: Romm. Cari. Baer. Drake. Singal. Jesse. Dahl. Melissa. Why People Love(d) Power Posing: A Science of Us Conversation. New York. 30 September 2016 . 21 October 2017. Web site: Singal. Jesse. How Should We Talk About Amy Cuddy, Death Threats, and the Replication Crisis?. New York . 25 April 2017 . 21 October 2017.
  29. Web site: Amy Cuddy's Power Pose Research Is the Latest Example of Scientific Overreach. Gelman. Andrew. January 1, 2016. Slate.
  30. News: King . Tracy . Sajid Javid and the strange science behind power poses . 19 June 2018 . the Guardian . 1 May 2018 . en.
  31. Davis-Laack . Paula . How To Bring Presence To Your Biggest Challenges . . January 5, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160105233829/http://www.forbes.com/sites/pauladavislaack/2016/01/05/how-to-bring-presence-to-your-biggest-challenges/ . January 5, 2016 . live.
  32. News: Best Sellers / Advice, How-To & Miscellaneous . The New York Times . February 7, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160129035656/http://www.nytimes.com/best-sellers-books/ . January 29, 2016 . live .
  33. News: Robinson . Melia . Lebowitz . Shana . Maisch . Andreas . "Power-Posen": So einfach verbessert ihr mit Körpersprache euer Selbstbewusstsein ("Power-poses": Improve your self-confidence with body language . . Germany . January 2, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160211031334/http://www.businessinsider.de/amy-cuddy-gesten-koennen-das-selbstbewusstsein-verbessern-2015-12 . February 11, 2016 . live .
  34. Heidi Grant Halvorson, "The Top 10 Psychology Studies of 2010. Ten great studies from 2010 that can improve your life", Psychology Today, 20 December 2010.
  35. Web site: PopTech Annual Conference. 'Talk of the Day', October 21, 2011. 7 June 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20120607065233/http://poptech.org/popcasts/amy_cuddy_power_poses. 2012-06-07. dead.
  36. Web site: Young Global Leaders 2014 - World Economic Forum. widgets.weforum.org. 2015-07-30.
  37. Cuddy. Amy. Game Changers, Innovators and problem solvers that are inspiring change in America. https://web.archive.org/web/20120320003239/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2091589_2092033_2109441,00.html. dead. March 20, 2012. . 23 June 2012. 19 March 2012. "Amy Cuddy, Power Poser. Using a few simple tweaks to body language, Harvard researcher Amy Cuddy discovers ways to help people become more powerful"
  38. News: Association for Psychological Science (APS). Rising Star Award, 2011 . Psychological Science .
  39. Web site: Harvard Business Review. The HBR List: Breakthrough Ideas for 2009. 7 June 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20120708044754/http://hbr.org/2009/02/breakthrough-ideas-for-2009/ar/1. 2012-07-08. dead.
  40. News: BBC 100 Women: Who is on the list?. BBC News . 1 November 2017.

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