| Official Name: | Rattanaburi |
| Native Name: | รัตนบุรี |
| Native Name Lang: | th |
| Settlement Type: | District |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | Thailand |
| Subdivision Type1: | Province |
| Subdivision Name1: | Surin |
| Subdivision Type2: | Seat |
| Subdivision Type3: | Subdistrict |
| Subdivision Type4: | Muban |
| Established Title: | District established |
| Population Total: | 94060 |
| Population As Of: | 2005 |
| Blank Name Sec1: | Postal code |
| Blank Info Sec1: | 32130 |
| Blank Name Sec2: | Geocode |
| Blank Info Sec2: | 3207 |
| Timezone: | ICT |
| Utc Offset: | +7 |
| Coordinates: | 15.3203°N 103.8569°W |
Rattanaburi (Thai: รัตนบุรี, in Thai pronounced as /rát.tā.ná(ʔ).bū.rī/) is a district (amphoe) in the northeastern part of Surin province, northeastern Thailand.
Rattanaburi was a mueang under Mueang Surin, which was converted into a district in the Thesaphiban administrative reforms at the end of the 19th century.
Neighboring districts are (from the south clockwise): Non Narai, Sanom and Tha Tum of Surin Province; Suwannaphum and Phon Sai of Roi Et province; and Rasi Salai, Bueng Bun, Pho Si Suwan and Mueang Chan of Sisaket province.
The district is divided into 12 sub-districts (tambons), which are further subdivided into 163 villages (mubans). Rattanaburi is a township (thesaban tambon) which covers parts of tambons Rattanaburi and Phai. There are a further 12 tambon administrative organizations (TAO).
| No. | Name | Thai name | Villages | Pop. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Rattanaburi | รัตนบุรี | 17 | 15,518 | ||
| 2. | That | ธาตุ | 14 | 7,271 | ||
| 3. | Kae | แก | 15 | 6,322 | ||
| 4. | Don Raet | ดอนแรด | 16 | 9,760 | ||
| 5. | Nong Bua Thong | หนองบัวทอง | 10 | 4,649 | ||
| 6. | Nong Bua Ban | หนองบัวบาน | 15 | 10,999 | ||
| 9. | Phai | ไผ่ | 14 | 9,573 | ||
| 11. | Boet | เบิด | 17 | 7,702 | ||
| 13. | Nam Khiao | น้ำเขียว | 13 | 5,704 | ||
| 14. | Kut Kha Khim | กุดขาคีม | 11 | 5,912 | ||
| 15. | Yang Sawang | ยางสว่าง | 11 | 4,508 | ||
| 16. | Thap Yai | ทับใหญ่ | 10 | 6,142 |