Amorpha-4,11-diene 12-monooxygenase explained

Amorpha-4,11-diene 12-monooxygenase
Ec Number:	1.14.13.158

Amorpha-4,11-diene 12-monooxygenase (CYP71AV1) is an enzyme with systematic name amorpha-4,11-diene,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (12-hydroxylating).^[1] This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

amorpha-4,11-diene + 3 O₂ + 3 NADPH + 3 H⁺

\rightleftharpoons artemisinate + 3 NADP⁺ + 4 H₂O (overall reaction)

(1a) amorpha-4,11-diene + O₂ + NADPH + H⁺

\rightleftharpoons artemisinic alcohol + NADP⁺ + H₂O

(1b) artemisinic alcohol + O₂ + NADPH + H⁺

\rightleftharpoons artemisinic aldehyde + NADP⁺ + 2 H₂O

(1c) artemisinic aldehyde + O₂ + NADPH + H⁺

\rightleftharpoons artemisinate + NADP⁺ + H₂O

Amorpha-4,11-diene 12-monooxygenase is a heme-thiolate protein (P-450)

Notes and References

1. Teoh KH, Polichuk DR, Reed DW, Nowak G, Covello PS . Artemisia annua L. (Asteraceae) trichome-specific cDNAs reveal CYP71AV1, a cytochrome P450 with a key role in the biosynthesis of the antimalarial sesquiterpene lactone artemisinin . FEBS Letters . 580 . 5 . 1411–6 . February 2006 . 16458889 . 10.1016/j.febslet.2006.01.065 . free .