Ammonium iodide explained

Ammonium iodide is the inorganic compound with the formula NH4I. A white solid. It is an ionic compound, although impure samples appear yellow. This salt consists of ammonium cation and an iodide anion.[1] It can be prepared by the action of hydroiodic acid on ammonia. It is easily soluble in water, from which it crystallizes in cubes. It is also soluble in ethanol. Ammonium iodide in aqueous solutions are observed as acidic and display elevated vapor pressures at high temperatures[2]

Preparation

Ammonium iodide can be made in lab by treating ammonia with hydroiodic acid:

NH3 + HI → NH4I

Uses

Ammonium iodide is used as dietary supplement to treat iodine deficiency.[3]

Properties and Reactions

Ammonium iodide has recently been used in many research studies and experiments.

Vinyl sulfones have been prepared using ammonium iodide,.[4]

Organic reactions are not synthesized with organic solvents due to their increasing detrimental effects on the human body and ecosystem.[5] Many chemists have altered organic reactions to exclude solvents in order to have successful sustainable syntheses. A report was presented on an organic synthesis for the iodination of ketones and aromatic compounds using ammonium iodide and H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide). This resulted in the products' high yields, which were gathered more efficiently, in a shorter duration compared to the use of the abrasive compound: molecular iodine

Notes and References

  1. Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. Inorganic Chemistry Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. .
  2. Book: Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology . 2001-01-26 . Wiley . 978-0-471-48494-3 . Kirk-Othmer . 1 . en . 10.1002/0471238961.0113131523051920.a01.pub2.
  3. Web site: Ammonium Iodide: Benefits, Risks, and Safety in Dietary Supplements . 2023-11-21 . www.digicomply.com . en.
  4. Gao . Xiaofang . Pan . Xiaojun . Gao . Jian . Huang . Huawen . Yuan . Gaoqing . Li . Yingwei . 2015 . Ammonium iodide-induced sulfonylation of alkenes with DMSO and water toward the synthesis of vinyl methyl sulfones . Chemical Communications . en . 51 . 1 . 210–212 . 10.1039/C4CC07606K. 25406694 .
  5. Kulkarni . Pramod . Kondhare . Dasharath . Varala . Ravi . Zubaidha . Pudukulathan . 2013 . Cyclization of 2′-hydroxychalcones to flavones using ammonium iodide as an iodine source: An eco-friendly approach . Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society . 78 . 7 . 909–916 . 10.2298/jsc120901119k . 0352-5139. free .