Amitabha Ghosh (academic, born 1941) explained

Amitabha Ghosh
Nationality: Indian
Profession:Professor
Office1:Director at Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
Term Start1:1997
Term End1:2002
Predecessor1:K. L. Chopra
Successor1:Shishir Dube
Office2:Professor at Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur

Amitabha Ghosh is an Indian researcher, administrator and educator. He currently holds the position of Honorary Scientist, Indian National Science Academy and Honorary Distinguished Professor[1] in the Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics Department[2] at the Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, West Bengal. He is an Emeritus Senior Fellow of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation[3] [4] and a Fellow of The National Academy of Sciences, India, of which he was elected a Senior Scientist Platinum Jubilee Fellow in 2012.[5] Ghosh has made contributions in various fields, including fundamental and applied research, technology development, administration and social development.

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Early life and education

Amitabha Ghosh was born on December 3, 1941, in the village of Barhra in the Birbhum district near the Jharkhand border. After completing his preparatory education at the Barhra High School,[6] he matriculated at Suri Vidyasagar College in 1956, and received his Intermediate Science degree from University of Calcutta in 1958. He then enrolled in Bengal Engineering College, Shibpur, now known as the Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology (IIEST) Shibpur, earning bachelor's (1962) and master's (1964) degrees in mechanical engineering from University of Calcutta. He received three University of Calcutta Gold Medals for posting the highest grades in his BE and ME examinations. He subsequently joined the College faculty as a lecturer in mechanical engineering in May 1965 and continued his doctoral research, receiving the D Phil degree from University of Calcutta in 1969.[7] His research at the college resulted in the discovery of a new tribological effect when magnetic fields are imposed on ferromagnetic bodies.[8]

Academic career

In 1971 he joined IIT Kanpur as an assistant professor of mechanical engineering and became a professor in 1975. He taught courses in manufacturing science, design and dynamics, and robotics, and his lab developed techniques for improving the life of cutting tools, detected chaos in mechanical systems for the first time (in 1978) and laid the groundwork for the development of micro-welding and micro-fused deposition welding. Fundamental research led to applications in manufacturing operations, as well as practical devices such as improved brakes and traction for rickshaws, lens polishing machines, electrochemical discharge machines and large transmission ratio drives with high power transmission capacity.[9] The first Centre for Robotics at IIT Kanpur was opened in 1986 supported by a grant from the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India. It was renamed the Centre for Mechatronics in 1989. Ghosh was the centre's founding Head from 1986 to 1989[10] [11] [12] as well as the Head of the Engineering Department.

Ghosh was appointed to the position of Director of IIT Kharagpur in 1997 for a five-year term.[13] During his tenure as director, three new research centres were inaugurated, namely the Centre for Theoretical Studies,[14] the Advanced Technology Centre[15] and the Space Technology Centre (later renamed the Kalpana Chawla Space Technology Cell[16]); while a separate biotechnology department was established to administer undergraduate biotechnology courses.[17] He also oversaw the establishment of the School of Medical Science and Technology in order to offer post graduate education to MBBS doctors and conduct medical research, bringing medical sciences into the IIT system for the first time in India,[18] and presided over the creation of the Very Large Scale Integration Lab at IIT Kharagpur.[19]

Since 2005, he has regularly organized specialized short courses on physics and astronomy for senior school students[20] drawing on funds from science academies, the Indian Department of Science and Technology's INSPIRE program[21] and from IUCAA Pune.[22] He was course director of the Science Education Program on Foundations of Physics held at the Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, Durgapur in 2005.[23] and is the founding president of the South Howrah Citizens’ Forum, which organizes science education programs for students and technical training programs for school dropouts.[24]

International collaborations

Amitabha Ghosh has contributed to several international collaborations. From 1998 to 2006 he was the Indian Coordinator of the Indo-Japan Science Collaboration Programme in Engineering administered by the Department of Science and Technology (DST, Government of India) and the Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS, Government of Japan).[25] He was also the Indian Coordinator of the Indo-US Joint Centre for Research Excellence in Futuristic Manufacturing & Fabrionics[26] funded by the DST and NSF through the Indo-US Science and Technology Forum,[27] from 2006 to 2013. The collaboration brings together five participating institutions each from India and the United States. The term "fabrionics" was coined by Amitabha Ghosh.

Professional distinctions

He has been a member of numerous academic, research and executive councils, and has been the recipient of several government appointments. From January 2001 to July 2013 he served as Chairman of the Research Council[28] of the Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, Durgapur, the national laboratory for mechanical engineering in India under the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). From 2000 to 2004 he chaired the Engineering Science Committee of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research,[29] and from 2002 to 2004, headed the Project Appraisal Committee, Robotics and Manufacturing in the Department of Science and Technology. He also chaired the Engineering Committee for Major Funding to Develop Science and Technology Infrastructure (FIST) in Major Institutions from 2002 to 2008, and served as Chairman of the Governing Body of the National Institute of Technical Teachers' Training and Research, Bhopal[30] from 2009 to 2014. This facility is a national institute within the Ministry of Human Resource Development of the Government of India. He was a co-author of the Anandrakrishnan Report, which recommended upgrading five existing institutions to form the new IIEST system in India.[31]

In the field of research, he and co-researchers are credited with the discovery of the effect of the magnetic field on wear, development of methods to enhance damping through introduced stress concentration, analysis of kinetoelastodynamic problems of high speed compliant mechanisms[32] and the detection of the phenomenon of chaos in mechanical systems.[33]

Awards and honours

Fellowships and memberships

Amitabha Ghosh is a member of all four academies of science in India, and was elected a Senior Fellow of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation in 1977, entailing a series of residencies at RWTH Aachen University in Germany from 1977–8 to 2012. His Indian fellowships are as follows:

Scientific publications

Amitabha Ghosh has authored and collaborated in numerous journal articles in the fields of mechanical engineering, robotics and dynamics as well as gravitational physics. In his early engineering research, starting with his D Phil thesis at Calcutta University on cutting tool wear, he investigated the effect of magnetic fields on wear.[50] [51] [52] During this period he also investigated the influence of stress on damping mechanisms in a collaboration with A. K. Mallik,[53] [54] and joined A.K Chakravorty in devising a solution for circular plates on an elastic foundation.[55] Later, in a pair of 1980 papers co-authored with P. K. Nath, he turned his attention to kinetoelastodynamic analysis,[56] [57] and in 1982-3 devoted a series of articles with H. Hatwal and A. K. Mallik to the study and discovery of chaos in mechanical systems.[58] [59] [60] In 1984 he embarked on the first of a series of studies on an extension of Newtonian mechanics leading to a modification of the laws of motion,[61] followed by applications of the model to problems of solar system dynamics[62] [63] [64] [65] and galactic physics.[66] [67]

Books

Amitabha Ghosh has also written and contributed to a number of books. The textbooks which he has written or co-authored span the fields of mechanisms and machines, manufacturing science, prototyping, the history of science and dynamics. His contributions have "made a lasting impression on the way the subjects are taught now in India and abroad."[68]

Further reading

Indian National Science Academy - Amitabha Ghosh

National Institute of Technical Teachers' Training & Research - Amitabha Ghosh

Notes and References

  1. News: Besu veteran calls for mental make-up change. The Telegraph online. 14 July 2020.
  2. Web site: Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics - IIEST.
  3. Web site: Humboldt Network - Prof. Dr. Amitabha Ghosh.
  4. Web site: Amithaba Ghosh - RWTH AACHEN UNIVERSITY - English. 2020-07-28. www.rwth-aachen.de.
  5. Web site: The National Academy of Sciences, India - NASI Senior Scientist fellows.
  6. Web site: Barhra High School. . 14 July 2020.
  7. Web site: National Institute of Technical teachers Training & Research. 17 June 2020.
  8. Web site: Foundation Day - Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur. 17 July 2020.
  9. Book: Subbarao, E.C.. An Eye for Excellence: Fifty Innovative Years of IIT Kanpur. Harper Collins Publishers India. 2008. 978-8172237691. New Delhi. 171–2.
  10. Web site: Mechanical Engineering - IIT Kanpur.
  11. Book: Mehrotra. Surya Pratap. The Fourth IIT: the Saga of IIT Kanpur. Sah. Prajapati Prasad. Penguin Enterprise. 2015. 9780670088256. 268.
  12. Web site: Centre for Mechatronics - IIT Kanpur.
  13. Web site: Joining Forces - The KGP Chronicle.
  14. Web site: Centre for Theoretical Studies - IIT Kharagpur.
  15. Web site: Advanced Technology Development Centre - IIT Kharagpur. 20 July 2020.
  16. Web site: Kalpana Chawla Space Technology Cell - IIT Kharagpur.
  17. Web site: IIT System Summary Report. 23 July 2020.
  18. Web site: School of Medical Science and Technology - IIT Kharagpur. 23 July 2020.
  19. Web site: November–December 2005. IITs - The American Connection. 17 June 2020.
  20. Web site: INSPIRE Science and Astronomy Camp. 23 July 2020.
  21. Web site: Home Page - Inspire.
  22. Web site: IUCAA Programme on Astronomy and Astrophysics for Senior School Students. 23 July 2020.
  23. Web site: Indian Academy of Sciences - Bangalore. Annual Report 2005-2006.
  24. Web site: The National Academy of Sciences (India) Annual Report 2012-2013. 23 July 2020.
  25. Web site: Indo-Japan Science Collaboration Programme in Engineering.
  26. Web site: January 2011. Newsletter of IUSSTF Volume 2 (3). 17 June 2020. Indo-US Science & Technology Forum - Connect.
  27. Web site: Indo-US Science and Technology Forum. 24 July 2020.
  28. Web site: Research Council 2010-2013. 17 June 2020.
  29. Web site: 17 June 2020. National Institute of Technical Teachers' Training & Research - Amitabha Ghosh.
  30. Web site: National Institute of Teachers' Training and Research, Bhopal.
  31. Web site: The IIT story: IIESTs, 3 new IITs on way. 2020-07-27. www.rediff.com.
  32. Brevi. Fausto. Gaetani. Flora. Drawing Vs. Design: A Study on Industrial Design BSC in Italy. 2020-06-26. Education and New Developments 2020. 423–427. inScience Press. 10.36315/2020end090. 978-989-54815-2-1. free.
  33. Mei. Chiang C.. Zhou. Xianchu. August 1991. Parametric resonance of a spherical bubble. Journal of Fluid Mechanics. en. 229. –1. 29–50. 10.1017/S0022112091002926. 1991JFM...229...29M . 120891265 . 0022-1120.
  34. Web site: Awards NDRF. 14 July 2020.
  35. Web site: Foundation Day 2015 - IIT Kanpur.
  36. Web site: McGill Mechanical Engineering Colloquium.
  37. Bengal Engineering and Science University, Shibpur. Annual Report 2008-2009. p. 174
  38. Web site: Recipients of Professor Jai Krishna Award.
  39. Web site: Government of India, Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology. Annual Report 2012-2013. 15 July 2020.
  40. Web site: XXXVI National Systems Conference (NSC 2012) at Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu.
  41. Web site: Alumni - Alumnus Award.
  42. Web site: IIT Kanpur - News 4, Nov. 2, 2015.
  43. Web site: 18 March 2017. National Institute of Technology Sikkim - Director's Report.
  44. Web site: The Institution of Engineers (India). 17 July 2020.
  45. Web site: Search for Fellows - Indian National Academy of Engineering.
  46. Web site: Indian Academy of Sciences. Ghosh. Amitabha.
  47. Web site: INSA - Indian Fellow Detail. Ghosh. Amitabha.
  48. Web site: National Academy of Sciences India - Fellows. 2020-05-20. 2014-10-21. https://web.archive.org/web/20141021102942/http://www.nasi.org.in/fellows.asp?RsFilter=G. dead.
  49. Web site: Association for Machines and Mechanisms. 17 July 2020.
  50. Ghosh. Amitabha. January 1970. Effect of magnetization on the wear characteristics of cutting tools. Journal of the Institution of Engineers (India): Aerospace Engineering Journal.
  51. Ghosh. Amitabha. Bagchi. P.. January 1971. Mechanism of cutting tool wear in the presence of magnetic field. Indian Journal of Technology. 11.
  52. Muju. M.K.. Ghosh. Amitabha. January 1977. A model of adhesive wear in the presence of a magnetic field - 1. Wear. 41. 1. 103–116. 10.1016/0043-1648(77)90195-8.
  53. Mallik. A. K.. Ghosh. Amitabha. January 1973. Improvement of damping characteristics of structural members by introduced stress concentration. Indian Journal of Technology.
  54. Mallik. A. K.. Ghosh. Amitabha. March 1973. Improvement of damping characteristics of structural members with high damping elastic inserts. Journal of Sound and Vibration. 27. 1 . 25–36. 10.1016/0022-460X(73)90032-1. 1973JSV....27...25M .
  55. Chakravorty. A. K.. Ghosh. Amitabha. January 1975. Finite Difference Solution of Circular Plates on Elastic Foundation. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering. 9. 1. 73–84. 10.1002/nme.1620090107. 1975IJNME...9...73C .
  56. Nath. P. K.. Ghosh. Amitabha. December 1980. Steady state response of mechanisms with elastic links by finite element methods. International Journal of Mechanism and Machine Theory. 15. 3. 199–211. 10.1016/0094-114X(80)90004-X.
  57. Nath. P. K.. Ghosh. Amitabha. December 1980. Kineto-elastodynamic analysis of mechanisms by finite element method. International Journal of Mechanism and Machine Theory. 15. 3. 179–197. 10.1016/0094-114X(80)90003-8.
  58. Hatwal. H.. Mallik. A. K.. Ghosh. Amitabha. 22 March 1982. Non-linear vibrations of a harmonically excited autoparametric system. Journal of Sound and Vibration. 81. 2. 153–164. 10.1016/0022-460X(82)90201-2. 1982JSV....81..153H .
  59. Hatwal. H.. Mallik. A. K.. Ghosh. Amitabha. September 1983. Forced Nonlinear Oscillations of an Autoparametric System—Part 1: Periodic Responses. Journal of Applied Mechanics. 50. 3. 657–662. 10.1115/1.3167106. 1983JAM....50..657H .
  60. Hatwal. H.. Mallik. A. K.. Ghosh. Amitabha. September 1983. Forced Nonlinear Oscillations of an Autoparametric System—Part 2: Chaotic Responses. Journal of Applied Mechanics. 50. 3. 663–668. 10.1115/1.3167107. 1983JAM....50..663H .
  61. Ghosh. Amitabha. November 1984. Velocity dependent inertial induction: An extension of Mach's principle. Pramana. 23. 5. L671–L674. 10.1007/BF02846690. 1984Prama..23L.671G . 120279532.
  62. Ghosh. Amitabha. October 1986. Velocity-dependent inertial induction and secular retardation of the earth's rotation. Pramana. 26. 1 . 1–8. 10.1007/BF02847561. 1986Prama..26....1G . 120416379.
  63. Ghosh. Amitabha. December 1986. Velocity-dependent inertial induction—possible explanation for supergravity shift at solar limb. Pramana. 27. 6. 725–730. 10.1007/BF02845641. 1986Prama..27..725G . 120800998.
  64. Ghosh. Amitabha. July 1988. Transfer of solar angular momentum by inertial induction. Earth, Moon, and Planets. 42. 1 . 69–75. 10.1007/BF00118042. 1988EM&P...42...69G . 122275983.
  65. Ghosh. Amitabha. Dey. Ujjal. 2019. Secular retardation of Earth's and Mars's rotation: The role of Velocity dependent inertial induction. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section A: Physical Sciences. 89. 3. 603–609. 10.1007/s40010-018-0493-7. 125811656.
  66. Ghosh. Amitabha. Rai. Sudhendu. Gupta. Ajay. February 1988. A possible servomechanism for matter distribution yielding flat rotation curves in spiral galaxies. Astrophysics and Space Science. 141. 1 . 1–7. 10.1007/BF00641910. 1988Ap&SS.141....1G . 121120077.
  67. Ghosh. Amitabha. December 1997. Velocity dependent inertial induction: A possible mechanism for cosmological red shift in a quasi static infinite universe. Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy. 18. 4. 449–454. 10.1007/BF02709336. 1997JApA...18..449G . 17725729.
  68. Web site: 5th International & 26 th All India Manufacturing Technology, Conference AIMTDR December 12 14, 2014 SOUVENIR.
  69. Web site: Affiliated EAST-WEST Press. 15 July 2020.
  70. Web site: Kinematic Analysis and Synthesis of Mechanisms. 15 July 2020. Routledge.
  71. Book: Mechanics Over Micro and Nano Scales Amitabha Ghosh. 15 July 2020. Springer.
  72. Book: History of Science in India - Astronomy. 978-9381325414. Ghosh. Amitabha. 2014.
  73. Book: Introduction to Micromechanisms and Microactuators Amitabha Ghosh. 15 July 2020. Springer.
  74. Book: Introduction to Dynamics Amitabha Ghosh. 15 July 2020. Springer.
  75. Book: Conceptual Evolution of Newtonian and Relativistic Mechanics. 15 July 2020. Springer. 2018 . 2018cenr.book.....G . Ghosh . Amitabha .
  76. Book: Descriptive Archaeoastronomy and Ancient Indian Chronology Amitabha Ghosh. 15 July 2020. Springer.

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