Amiphenazole Explained

Amiphenazole (Daptazile) is a respiratory stimulant traditionally used as an antidote for barbiturate or opiate overdose, usually in combination with bemegride,[1] [2] as well as poisoning from other sedative drugs[3] [4] and treatment of respiratory failure from other causes.[5] It was considered particularly useful as it could counteract the sedation and respiratory depression produced by morphine but with less effect on analgesia.[6] [7] It is still rarely used in medicine in some countries, although it has largely been replaced by more effective respiratory stimulants such as doxapram and specific opioid antagonists such as naloxone.[8] [9]

Notes and References

  1. Worlock A . Barbiturate poisoning treated with amiphenazole and bemegride . British Medical Journal . 2 . 5001 . 1099–101 . November 1956 . 13364395 . 2035840 . 10.1136/bmj.2.5001.1099 .
  2. Mears GW . Massive doses of bemegride and amiphenazole in treatment of barbiturate poisoning . British Medical Journal . 1 . 5073 . 757–8 . March 1958 . 13510792 . 2028148 . 10.1136/bmj.1.5073.757 .
  3. Dotevall G, Herner B . Treatment of acute primidone poisoning with bemegride and amiphenazole . British Medical Journal . 2 . 5042 . 451–2 . August 1957 . 13446511 . 1961943 . 10.1136/bmj.2.5042.451 .
  4. Rowell NR . Treatment of glutethimide poisoning with bemegride and amiphenazole . Lancet . 272 . 6965 . 407–9 . February 1957 . 13407028 . 10.1016/s0140-6736(57)90466-x .
  5. Little GM . Use of amiphenazole in respiratory failure . British Medical Journal . 1 . 5273 . 223–6 . January 1962 . 14465883 . 1957266 . 10.1136/bmj.1.5273.223 .
  6. Mckeogh J, Shaw FH . Further experience with amiphenazole and morphine in intractable pain . British Medical Journal . 1 . 4959 . 142–4 . January 1956 . 13276651 . 1978927 . 10.1136/bmj.1.4959.142 .
  7. Gershon S, Bruce DW, Orchard N, Shaw FH . Amiphenazole and morphine in production of analgesia . British Medical Journal . 2 . 5092 . 366–8 . August 1958 . 13560868 . 2025982 . 10.1136/bmj.2.5092.366 .
  8. Gairola RL, Gupta PK, Pandley K . Antagonists of morphine-induced respiratory depression. A study in postoperative patients . Anaesthesia . 35 . 1 . 17–21 . January 1980 . 6994518 . 10.1111/j.1365-2044.1980.tb03714.x . 40955560 .
  9. O'Neill WM . The cognitive and psychomotor effects of opioid drugs in cancer pain management . Cancer Surveys . 21 . 67–84 . 8565000 . 1994 .

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