Aminoethylpiperazine Explained

Aminoethylpiperazine (AEP) is a derivative of piperazine. This ethyleneamine contains three nitrogen atoms; one primary, one secondary and one tertiary. It is a corrosive organic liquid and can cause second or third degree burns. Aminoethylpiperazine can also cause pulmonary edema as a result of inhalation. It is REACH and TSCA registered.[1]

Production

Ethylene dichloride is reacted with ammonia as a main method of production. This process produces various ethylene amines which can then be purified by distillation. These include ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, other higher homologues and aminoethyl piperazine. [2] [3] AEP is also manufactured by reacting ethylenediamine or ethanolamine/ammonia mixtures over a catalyst.

Epoxy resin curing agent

A key use of AEP is as an epoxy curing agent.[4] When used as an epoxy resin curing agent, it is usually used in conjunction with other amines as an accelerator as it only has 3 amine hydrogens for cross-linking. The tertiary amine on the molecule acts as an accelerator and the other three amine hydrogens allow sites for crosslinking the epoxy.[5] This then allows coating systems to be formulated that prevent corrosion of steel and other substrates.[6] Novolac resins may also be cured by this material and blends.[7]

Other uses

Uses include inhibition of corrosion, surface activation, and as an asphalt additive. As AEP is alkaline and carbon dioxide is weakly acidic, it has been researched as a carbon dioxide sequestrant.[8] This is part of ongoing research in Carbon capture and storage.[9] [10]

Toxicology

The toxicology has been extensively studied and is well understood.[11] [12]

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: PubChem . 1-(2-Aminoethyl)piperazine . 2023-05-03 . pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov . en.
  2. Encyclopedia: Eller K, Henkes E, Rossbacher R, Höke H . Amines, Aliphatic . Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry . 2005 . Wiley-VCH . Weinheim . 10.1002/14356007.a02_001 . 3527306730 .
  3. Book: Brydson JA . Plastics Materials. limited. 744–777. Epoxide Resins. Brydson JA . 1999. Butterworth-Heinemann . Oxford. 10.1016/B978-075064132-6/50067-X. 9780750641326. Seventh.
  4. Howarth G.A "Synthesis of a legislation compliant corrosion protection coating system based on urethane, oxazolidine and waterborne epoxy technology" Master of Science Thesis April 1997 Imperial College London
  5. Book: May, Clayton . Epoxy Resins : Chemistry and Technology, 2nd Edition . 2017 . 978-1-351-44996-0 . London . 1004366333.
  6. Garcia . Filiberto González . Soares . Bluma G. . Pita . Victor J. R. R. . Sánchez . Rubén . Rieumont . Jacques . 2007-11-05 . Mechanical properties of epoxy networks based on DGEBA and aliphatic amines . Journal of Applied Polymer Science . en . 106 . 3 . 2047–2055 . 10.1002/app.24895.
  7. Atta . Ayman M. . Abdou . M. I. . Elsayed . Abdel-Atif A. . Ragab . Mohamed E. . 2008-11-01 . New bisphenol novolac epoxy resins for marine primer steel coating applications . Progress in Organic Coatings . en . 63 . 4 . 372–376 . 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2008.06.013 . 0300-9440.
  8. Choi . Jeong Ho . Kim . Young Eun . Nam . Sung Chan . Yun . Soung Hee . Yoon . Yeo Il . Lee . Jung-Hyun . 2016-11-01 . CO2 absorption characteristics of a piperazine derivative with primary, secondary, and tertiary amino groups . Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering . en . 33 . 11 . 3222–3230 . 10.1007/s11814-016-0180-9 . 99511394 . 1975-7220.
  9. Du . Yang . Li . Le . Namjoshi . Omkar . Voice . Alexander K. . Fine . Nathan A. . Rochelle . Gary T. . 2013-01-01 . Aqueous Piperazine/N-(2-Aminoethyl) Piperazine for CO2 Capture . Energy Procedia . GHGT-11 Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies, 18-22 November 2012, Kyoto, Japan . en . 37 . 1621–1638 . 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.038 . 1876-6102. free .
  10. Li. Le. Voice. Alexander K.. Li. Han. Namjoshi. Omkar. Nguyen. Thu. Du. Yang. Rochelle. Gary T.. Amine blends using concentrated piperazine. Energy Procedia. 2013. 37. 353–369. 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.05.121. free.
  11. Leung . Hon-Wing . 1994-01-01 . Evaluation of the genotoxic potential of alkyleneamines . Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology . en . 320 . 1 . 31–43 . 10.1016/0165-1218(94)90057-4 . 7506385 . 0165-1218.
  12. Web site: PubChem . 1-(2-Aminoethyl)piperazine . 2023-05-03 . pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov . en.

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