American Ship Building Company Explained

The American Ship Building Company was the dominant shipbuilder on the Great Lakes before the Second World War. It started as Cleveland Shipbuilding in Cleveland, Ohio^[1] in 1888 and opened the yard in Lorain, Ohio in 1898. It changed its name to the American Ship Building Company in 1900, when it acquired Superior Shipbuilding, in Superior, Wisconsin; Toledo Shipbuilding, in Toledo, Ohio; and West Bay Shipbuilding, in West Bay City, Michigan. With the coming of World War I, the company also acquired Buffalo Dry Dock, in Buffalo, New York; Chicago Shipbuilding, in Chicago, Illinois; and Detroit Shipbuilding, in Wyandotte, Michigan. American Shipbuilding ranked 81st among United States corporations in the value of World War II military production contracts.^[2]

The Lorain Yard

The Lorain, Ohio Yard served as the main facility of the company after World War II and to this day five of the 13 separate 1000feet ore carriers on the Great Lakes were built in Lorain, including the M/V Paul R. Tregurtha which is the largest vessel on the Great Lakes (1,013'06" long). Built in 1898, the Lorain Yard quickly grew in size and importance. The facilities eventually included two dry docks over 1000feet long built to handle the largest of the Great Lakes ore carriers. The Lorain Yard closed in 1984 after a series of labor disputes. Most of the buildings associated with shipyard were demolished with only the water tower and Ship Building Pattern Warehouse remaining. The pattern warehouse is now The Shipyards dining and events venue. The remaining lands are now being redeveloped as an upscale housing development.

Ships built by the company

• , launched in 1892 in Cleveland, Ohio
• , launched in 1892 as a lake freighter, originally as the SS Samuel Mather
• , launched in 1896 in Cleveland
• , launched in 1897 in Cleveland
• , launched in 1902, in Cleveland originally as the Manistique-Marquette & Northern No. 1
• , built in 1909 in Lorain, Ohio, sunk in the Great Lakes Storm of 1913
• , launched in 1910 in Lorain, Ohio, sunk in the Great Lakes Storm of 1913
• , built in 1906 for the Acme Transit Company, later sunk in the Great Lakes Storm of 1913
• , built in 1903 in Cleveland
• SS Milwaukee Clipper, built in 1904 in Cleveland, originally as the Juniata, for the Anchor Line
• , originally built in 1913 as the Seeandbee in Lorain
• , originally built in 1917 as Louis W. Hill in Lorain
• , originally built in 1924 as the Greater Buffalo in Lorain
• , launched in 1927 in Lorain, later Outarde, broken up at Port Colborne 1985
• , launched in 1943 in Lorain
• , originally built as Armco for Oglebay Norton, sold to American Steamship Company in 2006, sold to Lower Lakes Towing in 2018. Built in 1952 in Lorain
• , originally built as Ernest T. Weir, sold to Oglebay Norton in 1978, renamed Courtney Burton.
• , built in 1952 in Lorain
• , built in 1927 in Lorain
• , built in 1952 in Lorain
• , first of eight AAA-Class freighters, built in 1952 in Lorain
• , launched in 1942 in Lorain
• , launched in 1943 in Lorain
• , launched in 1943 in Lorain
• , launched in 1943 in Cleveland
• , launched in 1943 in Cleveland
• , launched in 1944 in Lorain
• , launched in 1944 in Lorain
• , launched in 1943, Cleveland
• , launched in 1943, Cleveland
• , launched in 1943, Buffalo
• , launched in 1967 in Lorain
• , launched in 1967 in Lorain
• , launched in 1967 in Lorain
• , launched in 1967 in Lorain
• , launched in 1968 in Lorain
• , launched in 1968 in Lorain
• , launched in 1968 in Lorain
• , built as William R. Roesch, sold to Oglebay Norton in 1994, renamed David Z. Norton. Sold Lower Lakes Towing in 2006, renamed to Calumet in 2008. Sister ship to M/V Manitowoc and M/V Robert S. Pierson. Built in 1973 in Lorain.
• ,originally Edward B. Greene, built in 1952 in Lorain
• , built as Paul Thayer, sold to Oglebay Norton in 1994, renamed Earl W. Oglebay. Sold Lower Lakes Towing in 2006, renamed to Manitowoc in 2008. Built in 1973 in Lorain. Sister ship to M/V Calumet and M/V Robert S. Pierson
• , built as the Wolverine for Oglebay Norton, sold to Lower Lakes Towing in 2008. Sister ship to M/V Calumet and M/V Manitowoc. Built in 1973 in Lorain.
• , built in Lorain in 1972.
• , launched in 1985, Tampa Shipyards (subsidiary of The American Ship Building Company)

Delta Shipbuilding

During the Second World War, the company managed Delta Shipbuilding Company for the United States Maritime Commission. Delta had a yard at New Orleans and built a total of 188 ships.^[3] Delta Shipbuilding Company built 187 Liberty ships, the first completed was SS William C.C. Claiborne, named after the first governor of Louisiana, William C. C. Claiborne. The United States Maritime Commission had Delta and eight other emergency shipyards start building Liberty ships in 1941, 2,710 were produced during the war. Many were built in less than two months. The Delta shipyard was started specifically for the war effort, at a site on the Industrial Canal near the Almonaster Avenue Bridge, immediately south of the present-day I-10 high-rise bridge. The yard was shut down after the end of World War II.^{[4] [5]}

Sample of ships built:

• SS Martin Behrman
• SS Josiah Parker
• SS Timothy Bloodworth
• USS Hesperia (AKS-13)
• SS Charles Henderson
• SS Benjamin Contee
• USS Panda (IX-125)
• USS Gratia (AKS-11)
• USS Cybele (AKS-10)
• USS Kochab (AKS-6)
• USS Porcupine (IX-126)
• USS Basilan
• SS James Eagan Layne
• USS Burias (AG-69)
• USS Wildcat (AW-2)
• USS Stag (AW-1)
• USS Hecuba (AKS-12)

Toledo Shipbuilding Company

The Toledo Shipbuilding Company, which became an operating unit of the American Shipbuilding Company by consolidation in 1945,^[6] was itself the builder of several of the most well-known coal-fired steamships of the Great Lakes, such as the (built in 1911).

Steinbrenners

In the early 1960s, the American Ship Building Company acquired Kinsman Marine Transit Company, which was owned by the Steinbrenner family. As a result of the transaction, the Steinbrenner family acquired a controlling interest in American Ship Building. Frustrated after years of fighting with unions over cost-saving work changes, the Steinbrenners closed the Lorain shipyard in December 1983 and moved all operations to Tampa, Florida. The principal member of the Steinbrenner family who was involved in the operation of the company at this time was George Steinbrenner, who by then already was becoming better known as the principal owner of the New York Yankees.

The company began having difficulties in the 1980s, going through a bankruptcy in 1993. The company was sold in 1995.

See also

• Robert Logan, general manager.
• Pendleton Shipyard Company
• Type L6 ship

External links

• AmShip Lorain, Lorain OH

Notes and References

1. Web site: The Encyclopedia of Cleveland History . American Ship Building Co. . March 27, 2008 .
2. [Whiz Kids (Department of Defense)|Peck, Merton J.]
3. Web site: Delta Shipbuilding Company, New Orleans LA . shipbuildinghistory.com . December 27, 2008 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20080829190614/http://www.shipbuildinghistory.com/history/shipyards/4emergency/wwtwo/delta.htm . August 29, 2008 . mdy .
4. http://www.nww2m.com/2012/03/worker-wednesday-delta-shipbuilding-co/ Worker Wednesday: Delta Shipbuilding Co.
5. https://www.ww2online.org/image/aerial-view-delta-shipbuilding-company-new-orleans-louisiana Delta Shipbuilding photo
6. Web site: Matthew J. . Weisman . Paula . Shorf . Boats Built at Toledo, Ohio - A Comprehensive Listing of the Vessels Built from Schooners to Steamers from 1810 to the Present - Toledo Shipbuilding Company (1905-1945) . toledoport.org.