Amendeuix-Oneix Explained

Amendeuix-Oneix
Native Name:Amendüze-Unaso
Commune Status:Commune
Image Coat Of Arms:Blason ville fr Amendeuix-Oneix (Pyrénées-Atlantiques).svg
Arrondissement:Bayonne
Canton:Pays de Bidache, Amikuze et Ostibarre
Insee:64018
Postal Code:64120
Mayor:Stéphane Poisson[1]
Term:2024 - 2026
Intercommunality:Pays Basque
Coordinates:43.3547°N -1.0428°W
Elevation M:60
Elevation Min M:32
Elevation Max M:168
Area Km2:7.66

Amendeuix-Oneix (in French pronounced as /amɛ̃døʃ ɔnɛʃ/;) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwestern France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Amendüztar.[2] [3]

Geography

Amendeuix-Oneix is located some 50 km east by southeast of Bayonne and 40 km south-west of Orthez in the Mixe country in the former Basque province of Lower Navarre. The village can be accessed by the D124 road from Garris in the west passing northeast to the village then continuing north to join the D29. The D11 road also passes through the south of the commune from Garris to Saint-Palais. The small D511 road links the D11 to the D124 within the commune.[4]

Hydrography

Located in the Drainage divide of the Adour, the northern part of the eastern border of the commune is the Bidouze which flows north to join the Adour west of Peyrehorade. The southern part of the eastern border consists of the Joyeuse with many tributaries rising in the commune including the Algueruko erreka, the Sallarteko erreka, and the Soubiaga erreka. The Aitzeguerris rises just south of the village and flows into the Bidouze.

Localities and hamlets

[5]

Toponymy

The current Basque name is Amendüze-Unaso.[6] Jean-Baptiste Orpustan suggested that Oneix means the 'place of abundant hills'. Brigitte Jobbé-Duval[2] however suggested that Oneix came from the Basque Unanu which means the Asphodelus (plant) and signifies a "place where the asphodelus is abundant. She also suggested that the origin of Amendeuix was Aquitane-Roman to designate a noble domain.

The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.

Name Spelling Date Source Page Origin Description
Amendeuix Sanctus Joannes de Mindus 1160 Orpustan Village
Amindux 1316 Orpustan
Aminduch 1350 Orpustan
Aminduz 1413 Orpustan
Mendux 1413 Orpustan
Sent-Johan de Mendux 1472 Raymond Notaries
Armendux 1513 Raymond Pamplona
Amenduxs 1600 Raymond Pau
Amendux 1621 Raymond Biscay
Oneix Sanctus Petrus de Onas 1160 Orpustan Village
Onnaçu 1249 Orpustan
Oneyx 1316 Orpustan
Honeis 1350 Orpustan
Onasso 1394 Orpustan
Onex 1472 Raymond Notaries
Onecx 1513 Raymond Pamplona
Oniz 1621 Raymond Biscay
Onazo 1863 Raymond Basque
Hiriberry Hiriberry 1863 Raymond Hamlet
Jauréguy Jauréguy 1863 Raymond Fief, Vassal of the Kingdom of Navarre
Lanevieille La noble salle de Lanevielhe d'Amenduxs 1600 Raymond Pau Fief, Vassal of the Kingdom of Navarre
Lanavieja 1621 Raymond Biscay
Lanevieille 1863 Raymond
Salla La Salle 1863 Raymond Fief, Vassal of the Kingdom of Navarre

Sources:

Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, 1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. [8]

Origins:

History

In the 16th century (1594), evidence of witchcraft was reported by an admonition to the States of Navarre by the Prosecutor of Mixe (together with those of Arberoue, Ostabaret, Irissarry, Ossès, Baigorri, and La Bastide-Clairence), who complained of a lack of prosecution and requesting that each town or district of Lower Navarre elect "two men of good character who are not suspects to find and punish the perpetrators of these crimes of witchcraft, apostasy, and magic: to be joined with the people of Roy and all at the expense of those convicted or, in case of insolvency, to those countries and places which will be instructed". Part of this admonition followed a request from the inhabitants of Amendeuix dating from 1587 who claimed to have been victims of "spells that were manifested mainly by evil barking".[14]

The village of Oneix joined with Amendeuix to form the commune of Amendeuix-Oneix on 27 August 1846.

Heraldry

Administration

List of Successive Mayors[15]

From To Name
1837 1846 Jean Longy
1846 1848 Jean-Paul Larregoyen
1848 1871 Jean Longy
1871 1873 Franck d'Andurain
1873 1884 Gabriel Longy
1884 1885 Rémy Etcheto
1885 1909 Gabriel Longy
1909 1912 M Sabalette
1912 1938 Jean-Pierre Longy
1938 1945 Auguste de Castelbajac
1959 1974 Léon Longy
1995 2001 Arnaud Mandagaran
2001 2014 Armel Pierre Drouilhet
2014 2020 Arnaud Mandagaran
2020 2024 Jean-Marc Trenthomas
2024 2026 Stéphane Poisson

Inter-Communality

The commune belongs to seven inter-communal structures:

Demography

In 1350 nine fires were reported in Oneix and 15-18 in Amendeuix.[16]

The fiscal census of 1412-1413,[17] made[18] on the orders of Charles III of Navarre, compared with that of 1551 men and weapons that are in this kingdom of Navarre this side of the ports,[19] reveals a demography with strong growth. The first census indicated the presence of 13 fires in Amendeuix with the second showing 40 (33 + 7 secondary fires). The same census reported 8 fires in Oneix in 1412-1413 against 17 (14 + 3 secondary fires) in 1551.

The census of the population of Lower Navarre in 1695[20] counted 63 fires at Amendeuix and 20 at Oneix.

In 2017 the commune had 448 inhabitants. The population data given in the table and graph below include the former commune of Oneix.

Economy

The commune is part of the Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) zone of Ossau-iraty.

Culture and Heritage

Languages

According to the Map of the Seven Basque Provinces published in 1863 by Prince Louis-Lucien Bonaparte the dialect of Basque spoken in Amendeuix-Oneix is eastern low Navarrese.

Religious heritage

Two churches in the commune are registered as historical monuments:

Amenities

Education

The commune has a kindergarten. Amendeuix, Gabat, Ilharre, and Labets-Biscay have partnered to create an inter-educational grouping (RPI[23]).

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Répertoire national des élus: les maires. data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 16 April 2024. fr.
  2. [Brigitte Jobbé-Duval]
  3. http://www.euskaltzaindia.net/index.php?option=com_eoda&view=toponimia&Itemid=471&nonkodea=6.2.00.02&lang=en Euskaltzaindia - Academy of the Basque Language
  4. https://www.google.com/maps/place/64120+Amendeuix-Oneix,+France/@43.3392202,-1.0424628,6639m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m2!3m1!1s0xd56c569f946e5e1:0x40665174813ae80?hl=en Google Maps
  5. http://www.geoportail.gouv.fr/accueil?c=-1.0428,43.3547&z=7.92265E-5&l=GEOGRAPHICALGRIDSYSTEMS.MAPS.3D$GEOPORTAIL:OGC:WMTS@aggregate(1)&l=ADMINISTRATIVEUNITS.BOUNDARIES$GEOPORTAIL:OGC:WMTS(1)&permalink=yes Géoportail
  6. http://www.euskaltzaindia.net/index.php?option=com_eoda&view=toponimia&Itemid=471&nonkodea=6.2&lang=en Euskaltzaindia - Academy of the Basque language
  7. Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, New Basque Toponymy, Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 2006, 246 pages,
  8. https://books.google.com/books?id=2TCHmbiipFIC Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees
  9. http://rumsey.geogarage.com/maps/cassinige.html?lat=43.3547&lon=-1.0428&zoom=13 Cassini Map 1750 – Amendeuix-Oneix
  10. Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques
  11. Titles published by don José Yanguas y Miranda
  12. Titles of the Chamber of the Counts of Pau in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques
  13. Derecho de naturaleza que la merindad de San-Juan-del-pie-del-puerto, una de las seys de Navarra, tiene en Castilla, 1622
  14. Philippe Veyrin, The Basques, Arthaud, 1975,, p. 248.
  15. http://www.francegenweb.org/mairesgenweb/resultcommune.php?id=22129 List of Mayors of France
  16. Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, Collective work, Amikuze-Mixe Country, Éditions Izpegi, 1992,, p. 77
  17. Census cited by Manex Goyhenetche in General History of Basque Country - Vol. 3, Elkarlanean, 2001,, p. 26. . The same work by Manex Goyhenetche indicated on page 284 that there was an average of 5.5 people per fire.
  18. Transcribed and published by Ricardo Cierbide, Censos de población de la Baja Navarra, Max Niemeyer Verlag, Tübingen, 1993
  19. Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques, E 575, transcribed by Louis Baratchart in The Friends of Old Navarre, January 1995, pages 44-54
  20. Bibliothèque nationale, 6956, Moreau Register 979, cited by Manex Goyhenetche in General History of Basque Country - Vol. 3, Elkarlanean, 2001,, page 299
  21. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
  22. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
  23. http://webetab.ac-bordeaux.fr/Etablissement/ecolagil/ RPI website