Alpha-tubulin 3C explained

Tubulin alpha-3C/D chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TUBA3C gene.^{[1] [2]}

Function

Microtubules of the eukaryotic cytoskeleton perform essential and diverse functions and are composed of a heterodimer of alpha and beta tubulin. The genes encoding these microtubule constituents are part of the tubulin superfamily, which is composed of six distinct families. Genes from the alpha, beta and gamma tubulin families are found in all eukaryotes. The alpha and beta tubulins represent the major components of microtubules, while gamma tubulin plays a critical role in the nucleation of microtubule assembly. There are multiple alpha and beta tubulin genes and they are highly conserved among and between species. This gene is an alpha tubulin gene that encodes a protein 99% to the mouse testis-specific Tuba3 and Tuba7 gene products. This gene is located in the 13q11 region, which is associated with the genetic diseases Clouston hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia and Kabuki syndrome. Alternative splicing has been observed for this gene and two variants have been identified.^[2]

Interactions

Alpha-tubulin 3C has been shown to interact with FYN^[3] and NMI.^[4]

Further reading

• Desai A, Mitchison TJ . Tubulin and FtsZ structures: functional and therapeutic implications . BioEssays . 20 . 7 . 523–7 . Jul 1998 . 9722999 . 10.1002/(SICI)1521-1878(199807)20:7<523::AID-BIES1>3.0.CO;2-L .
• Oakley BR . An abundance of tubulins . Trends in Cell Biology . 10 . 12 . 537–42 . Dec 2000 . 11121746 . 10.1016/S0962-8924(00)01857-2 .
• Dutcher SK . The tubulin fraternity: alpha to eta . Current Opinion in Cell Biology . 13 . 1 . 49–54 . Feb 2001 . 11163133 . 10.1016/S0955-0674(00)00173-3 .
• Alexandrova N, Niklinski J, Bliskovsky V, Otterson GA, Blake M, Kaye FJ, Zajac-Kaye M . The N-terminal domain of c-Myc associates with alpha-tubulin and microtubules in vivo and in vitro . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 15 . 9 . 5188–95 . Sep 1995 . 7651436 . 230766 . 10.1128/MCB.15.9.5188.
• Guilford P, Dodé C, Crozet F, Blanchard S, Chaïb H, Levilliers J, Levi-Acobas F, Weil D, Weissenbach J, Cohen D . A YAC contig and an EST map in the pericentromeric region of chromosome 13 surrounding the loci for neurosensory nonsyndromic deafness (DFNB1 and DFNA3) and limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2C (LGMD2C) . Genomics . 29 . 1 . 163–9 . Sep 1995 . 8530067 . 10.1006/geno.1995.1227 .
• Marie-Cardine A, Kirchgessner H, Eckerskorn C, Meuer SC, Schraven B . Human T lymphocyte activation induces tyrosine phosphorylation of alpha-tubulin and its association with the SH2 domain of the p59fyn protein tyrosine kinase . European Journal of Immunology . 25 . 12 . 3290–7 . Dec 1995 . 8566014 . 10.1002/eji.1830251214 . 37614803 .
• Crépieux P, Kwon H, Leclerc N, Spencer W, Richard S, Lin R, Hiscott J . I kappaB alpha physically interacts with a cytoskeleton-associated protein through its signal response domain . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 17 . 12 . 7375–85 . Dec 1997 . 9372968 . 232593 . 10.1128/MCB.17.12.7375.
• Kibar Z, Lafrenière RG, Chakravarti A, Wang JC, Chevrette M, Der Kaloustian VM, Rouleau GA . A radiation hybrid map of 48 loci including the clouston hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia locus in the pericentromeric region of chromosome 13q . Genomics . 56 . 1 . 127–30 . Feb 1999 . 10036193 . 10.1006/geno.1998.5698 .
• Herreros L, Rodríguez-Fernandez JL, Brown MC, Alonso-Lebrero JL, Cabañas C, Sánchez-Madrid F, Longo N, Turner CE, Sánchez-Mateos P . Paxillin localizes to the lymphocyte microtubule organizing center and associates with the microtubule cytoskeleton . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 275 . 34 . 26436–40 . Aug 2000 . 10840040 . 10.1074/jbc.M003970200 . free . 10261/135387 . free .
• Watts NR, Sackett DL, Ward RD, Miller MW, Wingfield PT, Stahl SS, Steven AC . HIV-1 rev depolymerizes microtubules to form stable bilayered rings . The Journal of Cell Biology . 150 . 2 . 349–60 . Jul 2000 . 10908577 . 2180222 . 10.1083/jcb.150.2.349 .
• Takeoka A, Shimizu M, Horio T . Identification of an alpha-tubulin mutant of fission yeast from gamma-tubulin-interacting protein screening: genetic evidence for alpha-/gamma-tubulin interaction . Journal of Cell Science . 113 . 24. 4557–62 . Dec 2000 . 10.1242/jcs.113.24.4557 . 11082048 .
• Germani A, Bruzzoni-Giovanelli H, Fellous A, Gisselbrecht S, Varin-Blank N, Calvo F . SIAH-1 interacts with alpha-tubulin and degrades the kinesin Kid by the proteasome pathway during mitosis . Oncogene . 19 . 52 . 5997–6006 . Dec 2000 . 11146551 . 10.1038/sj.onc.1204002 . 41279377 .
• Kourmouli N, Dialynas G, Petraki C, Pyrpasopoulou A, Singh PB, Georgatos SD, Theodoropoulos PA . Binding of heterochromatin protein 1 to the nuclear envelope is regulated by a soluble form of tubulin . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 276 . 16 . 13007–14 . Apr 2001 . 11278332 . 10.1074/jbc.M007135200 . free .
• Rommelaere H, De Neve M, Neirynck K, Peelaers D, Waterschoot D, Goethals M, Fraeyman N, Vandekerckhove J, Ampe C . Prefoldin recognition motifs in the nonhomologous proteins of the actin and tubulin families . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 276 . 44 . 41023–8 . Nov 2001 . 11535601 . 10.1074/jbc.M106591200 . free .
• Klein C, Kramer EM, Cardine AM, Schraven B, Brandt R, Trotter J . Process outgrowth of oligodendrocytes is promoted by interaction of fyn kinase with the cytoskeletal protein tau . The Journal of Neuroscience . 22 . 3 . 698–707 . Feb 2002 . 11826099 . 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.22-03-00698.2002. free . 6758498 .
• Saugstad JA, Yang S, Pohl J, Hall RA, Conn PJ . Interaction between metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 and alpha tubulin . Journal of Neurochemistry . 80 . 6 . 980–8 . Mar 2002 . 11953448 . 2925652 . 10.1046/j.0022-3042.2002.00778.x .

Notes and References

1. Dodé C, Weil D, Levilliers J, Crozet F, Chaïb H, Levi-Acobas F, Guilford P, Petit C . Sequence characterization of a newly identified human alpha-tubulin gene (TUBA2) . Genomics . 47 . 1 . 125–30 . Jan 1998 . 9465305 . 10.1006/geno.1997.5081 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: TUBA3C tubulin, alpha 3c.
3. Klein C, Kramer EM, Cardine AM, Schraven B, Brandt R, Trotter J . Process outgrowth of oligodendrocytes is promoted by interaction of fyn kinase with the cytoskeletal protein tau . The Journal of Neuroscience . 22 . 3 . 698–707 . Feb 2002 . 11826099 . 6758498 . 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.22-03-00698.2002 .
4. Huda Zoghbi . Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M . Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network . Nature . 437 . 7062 . 1173–8 . Oct 2005 . 16189514 . 10.1038/nature04209 . 2005Natur.437.1173R . 4427026 .