Allopleuron Explained

Allopleuron (meaning "other side") is a genus of extinct sea turtle, which measured 2mto2.5mm (07feetto08.2feetm) long in life. The type species is Allopleuron hofmanni. It is a basal member of the clade Pancheloniidae, closely related to Protosphargis. Similar to Protosphargis, it was characterized by shell reduction.[1]

Fossil history

Allopleuron lived from the Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian age, 94.3 Ma) to the Oligocene (Rupelian age, 28.4 Ma), therefore surviving the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event. Fossils have been found from Germany, the Netherlands, Kazakhstan and the United States.[2] [3]

Life history

Allopleuron was believed to have used the Laurasian-Holarctic southern continental shelf as a breeding area.[4] The modern day location of the breeding ground is along the coast of Asia. Allopleuron is believed to have eaten jellyfish, seaweed, or carcasses.[5] It is believed that adult male Allopleuron lived off the coast of southeast Netherlands, and northeast Belgium due to the large amount of fossils in these areas. The area is believed to have been a sea grass meadow that was able to sustain the large population. The lack of remains from juvenile Allopleuron indicate that the young of the species lived elsewhere.

Phylogeny

Evers et al. (2019):[6]

Notes and References

  1. SYSTEMATIC POSITION OF PROTOSPHARGIS VERONENSIS CAPELLINI, AN ENIGMATIC SEA TURTLE FROM THE LATE CRETACEOUS OF ITALY . Hirayama . Ren . 2005 . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology . 25 . 70A.
  2. Hans-Volker Karl . Elke Gröning . Carsten Brauckmann . 2012 . New materials of the giant sea turtle Allopleuron (Testudines: Chelonioidea) from the marine Late Cretaceous of Central Europe and the Palaeogene of Kazakhstan . Studia Palaeocheloniologica IV, Studia Geologica Salmanticensia . 9 . 153–173 .
  3. Web site: Fossilworks: Allopleuron. fossilworks.org. 17 December 2021.
  4. Universidad de Salamanca. Ediciones. 2013-12-20. Índice. Studia Historica. Historia Moderna. 35. 1. 10.14201/11405. 0213-2079. free.
  5. Web site: Marine Turtles. oceansofkansas.com. 2019-05-05.
  6. Evers. Serjoscha W.. Barrett. Paul M.. Benson. Roger B. J.. 2019-05-01. Anatomy of Rhinochelys pulchriceps (Protostegidae) and marine adaptation during the early evolution of chelonioids. PeerJ. 7. e6811. 10.7717/peerj.6811. 2167-8359. 6500378. 31106054 . free .