Alice Cooper filmography explained

Alice Cooper, born in 1948 as Vincent Damon Furnier in Detroit, Michigan, is an American singer, songwriter, actor, and radio personality. At age 16 in 1964, Furnier started what would become a music career by recruiting four sports teammates to create a band for their local school talent show, calling themselves the Earwigs. The group used costumes and wigs to resemble the Beatles and won the talent show. Throughout the next four years, the band overcame lineup changes, band name changes, and even added to their stage presence—snakes, guillotines, electric chairs, fake blood, and various other horror imagery and props.

In 1968, the group chose Alice Cooper as a new band name. Furnier adopted the name for himself in 1975 to avoid legal complications of the band name ownership. The band realized it wasn't fully utilizing the stage show potential to garner publicity. Therefore, upon watching films to gain new inspiration, Cooper decided to don makeup and black eyeliner for events.

As the band fine tuned its stage presence, Alice Cooper gained attention from television and film producers. In 1970, Alice Cooper made a cameo appearance in Diary of a Mad Housewife with the original Alice Cooper band. Alice Cooper also appeared in Sextette alongside Mae West in 1978, Prince of Darkness as a street schizo in 1987, Wayne's World (1992), Dark Shadows (2012), Super Duper Alice Cooper (2014), and the Freddy Krueger franchise as Edward Underwood, Freddy's foster father. In the midst of films, Cooper made television appearances around the world. For example, he appeared on Alice Cooper a Paris, a French television special, in 1982. Cooper has appeared on several music documentaries, talk shows, game shows, sitcoms, music award ceremonies, and celebrity sports tournaments, just to name a few media categories.

Credited with helping to shape the look and sound of heavy metal, Alice Cooper is regarded as "The Godfather of Shock Rock." Over the years, Alice Cooper has been honored with numerous award nominations, many of which he has won. He was awarded a Hollywood Walk of Fame star in 2003.^[1] Alice Cooper, Michael Owen Bruce, Glen Buxton, Dennis Dunaway, and Neal Smith of the original Alice Cooper band were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame by Rob Zombie on March 14, 2011.^[2]

Filmography

^{[3] [4] [5]}

Note: This is an incomplete filmography of appearances by Alice Cooper (as a person and as a band) in movies, television, and other visual media. Music videos, archived videos, commercials, and other "video shorts" are not included.

Film

Year	Title	Role	Notes
1970	Diary of a Mad Housewife	Himself	Cameo with the original Alice Cooper band
1971	We Have Come for Your Daughters	Himself	Later renamed Medicine Ball Caravan	^[6]
1974	Good to See You Again, Alice Cooper	Himself	Concert film
1976	Welcome to My Nightmare	Steven/Himself	Concert film
1978	Sextette	Waiter
	Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band	Father Sun
1979		Himself	Concert video
1980	Roadie	Himself
1986	Monster Dog	Vincent Raven	Spanish horror film
1987		Himself	Concert video
	Prince of Darkness	Street schizo
1988		Himself
		Himself		^[7]
1990	Alice Cooper Trashes the World	Himself	Concert video
1991	Alice Cooper: Prime Cuts	Himself		^[8]
		Edward Underwood (Freddy's foster father)	Uncredited
1992	Wayne's World	Himself
1996	Fairway to Heaven	Himself
1999	Sofia Eriksson moter Alice Cooper	Himself	Swedish film
	British Rock Symphony	Himself	Concert film
2000		Himself	Concert film
	Dario Argento: An Eye for Horror	Himself
2001		Samuel Leventhal
	25 Years of Punk	Himself	Narrated by Lou Reed
2002	Adventures in Rock	Himself	Canadian documentary
2003	Mayor of the Sunset Strip	Himself
2004	John Carpenter: Fear Is Just the Beginning... The Man and His Movies	Himself		^[9]
	Spooks & Creeps	Himself	A collection of horror short films
2005		Himself
	Unauthorized and Proud of It: The Story of Todd Loren's Rock 'N' Roll Comics	Himself
2006	Alice Cooper: Live at Montreux 2005	Himself	Concert film and album package
	I Did Not Know That	Himself
2009	Suck	Vampire bartender
2010	Lemmy	Himself
		Himself	Documentary film
	Mother of Rock: The Life and Times of Lillian Roxon	Himself
	Horrorween	Himself	Cameo
2011	Rock 'N' Roll Exposed: The Photography of Bob Gruen	Himself
2012	Sunset Strip	Himself
	Louder Than Love: The Grande Ballroom Story	Himself		^[10]
	Dark Shadows	Himself
		Himself	Interviewee
	Bigfoot	Himself
2013		Himself
		Himself
		Himself
		Himself/Rock Legend	Documentary film
	Skum Rocks!	Narrator	Rockumentary
2014	Super Duper Alice Cooper	Himself (Vincent Furnier)	Canadian biographical documentary
		Himself (Rock star)
	Wacken 3D	Himself
2015	Danny Says	Himself	Documentary film
	Smoke and Mirrors: The Story of Tom Savini	Himself		^[11]
	To Be Frank: Sinatra at 100	Himself
2016	Hired Gun	Himself
2017	Here's to Life: The Story of The Refreshments	Himself
	Cum on Feel the Noize: The Story of How Rock Became Metal	Himself
2018	Detroit: Comeback City	Himself	Musician
	Hellfest	Himself	Concert film
	Udo Lindenberg - MTV Unplugged - Live vom Atlantik	Himself	German film
	Chuck Berry	Himself	Documentary film
2019	Boy Howdy: The Story of Creem Magazine	Himself	Documentary film
	Live from the Astroturf, Alice Cooper	Himself	Documentary/Concert film	^[12]
	Suzi Q	Himself	Australian documentary	^[13]
	House of Cardin	Himself	U.S. documentary film on Pierre Cardin
	You Wanted the Best... You Got the Best: The Official KISS Movie	Himself	Pre-production
2021		Himself	Documentary film	^[14]

Television

Year	Title	Role	Notes
1970	Midsummer Rock	Himself	Concert
1971	Whistle Test	Himself	1 Episode
1971–1980	Beat-Club	Himself	German music program
1972–1975	In Concert	Himself	2 Episodes
1972–1994	Top of the Pops	Himself	Himself and Presenter; 13 Episodes
1973	NME Awards	Himself	Won World Stage Band award	^[15]
		Himself	Panelist; 1 Episode
	Rock-a-bye	Himself
1974	NME Awards	Himself	Won World Stage Band award
	16th Annual Grammy Awards	Himself
		Prince	1 Episode: "The Divil Made Me Do It!"
1975		Himself	1 Episode
		Steven	Conceptual television special
	Dinah!	Himself	1 Episode
1975–1976		Himself	2 Episodes
1975–1977		Himself	2 Episodes
1976	Second Annual Rock Music Awards	Himself	Host and Presenter
	Tony Orlando and Dawn	Himself	1 Episode: "Alice Cooper/George Carlin"
		Himself
1977		Himself	1 Episode: "Whatever Gets You Through the Night: Glitter Rock"
	Rock Music Awards	Himself
	Alice Cooper and Friends	Himself	Concert TV special
1978	Grease Day USA	Himself
		Himself	1 Episode: "Alice Cooper"
	Hollywood's Diamond Jubilee	Himself	Cameo	^[16]
1978–1990	Good Morning America	Himself	2 Episodes
1980	Pink Lady	Himself	Guest; 1 Episode: "Episode 5"
	Cosas	Himself	1 Episode
1982	Alice Cooper a Paris	Himself/Vincent Furnier	French TV special (France release only)
	Rock 'n' Roll: The First 25 Years	Himself	Host
	Riverside	Himself	1 Episode
1984	26th Annual Grammy Awards	Himself	Nominated for Best Video Album: "The Nightmare" (video)	^[17]
1984–2019	Today	Himself	3 Episodes
1986		Himself	1 Episode
1987	WrestleMania III	Himself		^[18]
	MusiCalifornia	Himself	1 Episode: "Crazy Hollywood"
1989	31st Annual Grammy Awards	Himself
	1989 MTV Video Music Awards	Himself	Co-Presenter for Best Group Video
1990	17th Annual American Music Awards	Himself	Co-host and Music Performer
	32nd Annual Grammy Awards	Himself
	Hard 'N Heavy Volume 7	Himself	Video magazine
1991	18th Annual American Music Awards	Himself
	Ozzy Osbourne - Don't Blame Me: The Tales of Ozzy Osbourne	Himself
	Slash & Burn: The Freddy Krueger Story	Himself		^[19]
1992	Aspel & Company	Himself	1 Episode
		Himself
1994	Parallel 9	Himself	1 Episode
		Himself	1 Episode
	Noisy Mothers	Himself	1 Episode
	Lista Top 40	Himself	1 Episode
	Clive Anderson Talks Back	Himself	1 Episode	^[20]
		Himself	1 Episode
		Himself	Concert
1995	22nd Annual American Music Awards	Himself
	Something Wilder	Himself	1 Episode: "Hanging with Mr. Cooper"
	Space Ghost Coast to Coast	Himself	1 Episode: "Girlie Show"
		Himself	2 Episodes
	Rock & Roll	Himself	2 Episodes
1996	Dancing in the Street: a Rock and Roll History	Himself	1 Episode: "Hang on to Yourself"
	VH1 Presents the 70's	Himself
1997	Halloween... The Happy Haunting of America!	Himself
	24th Annual American Music Awards	Himself
	Pearl	Himself	1 Episode: "The Write Stuff: Part 1"
	39th Annual Grammy Awards	Himself	Nominated for Best Metal Performance: "Hands of Death (Burn Baby Burn)" (track)
		Himself	TV special	^[21]
		Himself	1 Episode: "Hawaii"	^[22]
	Eyegore Awards	Himself	Won the Eyegore Award; First recipient of the award	^[23]
1997–2011	Rage	Himself	2 Episodes
1998	Masters of Fantasy	Himself	1 Episode: "Vincent Price"
	Penn & Teller's Sin City Spectacular	Himself	1 Episode: "Episode #1.4"
1999–2001	Behind the Music	Himself	2 episodes
1999	Freakshow	Pirate Jack	Voice
	Late Show with David Letterman	Himself	Guest and Performer; 1 Episode
	Mark Lamarr Leaving the 20th Century	Himself	1 Episode
	Spice Girls in America: A Tour Story	Himself
2000	Trigger Happy TV	Himself	1 Episode
	Top Ten	Himself	Presenter; 1 Episode: "Stadium Rock"
	Power Vision - Pop Galerie	Himself	1 Episode: "KISS"
	VH1's Where Are They Now?	Himself	1 Episode: "Bad Boys of Rock"
		Himself	1 Episode: "Alice Cooper"
		Himself		^[24]
	VH1's 100 Greatest Artists of Hard Rock	Himself
2000–2004		Himself	3 Episodes
2001	That '70s Show	Himself	Episode: "Radio Daze"
2001–09	Rove Live	Himself	2 Episodes
2002	Sӧndagsӧppet	Himself
	I Love Muppets	Himself
	One-Hit Wonders	Himself	6 Episodes
		Himself	Hosted by William Shatner
2002–2003	V Graham Norton	Himself	2 Episodes
2002–2011		Himself	Guest and Performer; 3 Episodes
2003	Die 70er Show	Himself	1 Episode
	Summer Music Mania 2003	Himself	Performer
		Himself	1 Episode: "Alice in Mulletland"	^[25]
		Himself	Presented by Jimmy Carr
	British Comedy Awards	Himself
	Today with Des and Mel	Himself	1 Episode
	Player$	Himself	1 Episode: "Of Tombs and Pirates"
2004		Himself
		Himself	Presenter
		Himself
2004–2011	Never Mind the Buzzcocks	Himself	Himself and Host; 2 Episodes
2005		Himself	Presenter
		Himself	1 Episode
		Himself	1 Episode
	Enough Rope with Andrew Denton	Himself	1 Episode
	In Your Face: The Lost Episodes of the XWF	Himself	1 Episode	^[26]
		Himself
		Himself	1 Episode
	HARDtalk Extra	Himself	1 Episode: "Alice Cooper"
	Sound Off with Matt Pinfield	Himself	Guest
2005–2007		Himself	2 Episodes
2005–2008		Himself	9 Episodes
2006	Graham Norton's Bigger Picture	Himself	1 Episode
	Kings of Glam	Himself	TV documentary
	Best Ever Muppet Moments	Himself
	Monk	Himself	1 Episode: "Mr. Monk and the Garbage Strike"
	All*Star Cup	Himself	Team USA
	Hypaspace	Himself	1 Episode
	Goolians: A Docu-Comedy	Himself
	2nd Classic Rock Roll of Honour Awards	Himself	Won Living Legend award	^[27]
	40 Years of Star Trek	Himself (Vincent Furnier)
		Himself
2007		Himself	1 Episode
	E! True Hollywood Story	Himself	1 Episode: "Rock Star Wives"
	Scream Awards 2007	Himself	Performer; Won Scream Rock Immortal Award	^[28]
	NRJ 12: Scream Awards	Himself
	Final 24	Himself	1 Episode; "Keith Moon"
2007–2009	Last Call with Carson Daly	Himself	2 Episodes
2008		Himself	1 Episode: "U.S. Southwest"
	Tout le monde en parle	Himself
		Himself
	One for the Fire: The Legacy of 'Night of the Living Dead	Himself		^[29]
2008–2011		Himself	2 Episodes
	Loose Women	Himself	2 Episodes
2008–2012		Himself	Guest; 4 Episodes
2009		Himself	Guest; 1 Episode
2009–10	Breakfast	Himself	2 Episodes
2010	52nd Annual Grammy Awards	Himself	Presenter
	12th NRJ Music Awards	Himself
	I'm in a Rock 'n' Roll Band	Himself	2 Episodes
	Golden Gods awards	Himself
	American Idol	Himself	Performer; 1 Episode
	Man v. Food	Himself	1 Episode: "Phoenix"
	Celebrity Ghost Stories	Himself	1 Episode
		Himself	1 Episode
	Gomorron	Himself	1 Episode
	6th Marshall Classic Rock Roll of Honour Awards	Himself	Master of Ceremonies (Host)	^[30]
	Strictly Come Dancing	Himself	Week 5 musical guest; 1 Episode: "Halloween Week"
	Daybreak	Himself	1 Episode
		Himself	1 Episode
	Behind the Music: Remastered	Himself	Episode: "Alice Cooper"
2010–11	Number One!	Himself	2 Episodes
2010–12	That Metal Show	Himself	Guest; 2 Episodes
	Later...with Jools Holland	Himself	2 Episodes
2011	26th Annual Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony	Himself	Inducted by Rob Zombie
		Himself	1 Episode
	Hoppus on Music	Himself	1 Episode
	Road to Wacken	Himself
	Revolver Golden Gods Awards	Himself	Won Golden God award; Rob Zombie presented award to Alice Cooper	^[31]
	Metal Hammer Golden Gods Awards	Himself	Host; Alice Cooper presented award to Rob Zombie	^[32]
	Kerrang! Awards 2011	Himself	Won Kerrang! Icon award	^[33]
	Top Gear	Himself	Guest; 1 Episode: "Series 17, Episode 1"
	Lee Mack's All Star Cast	Himself	1 Episode
	2011 Eyegore Awards	Himself	Named an honoree	^[34] ^[35]
		Himself	Guest mentor; 1 Episode
	Cinemassacre's Monster Madness	Freddy's foster father	1 Episode: "Freddy's Dead: The Final Nightmare"
	Mark Lawson Talks to...	Himself	1 Episode: "Alice Cooper"
	Talking Dead	Himself	Voice; 1 Episode: "Pretty Much Dead Already"
2011–2012	Metal Evolution	Himself	3 Episodes
2012	Room 101	Himself	1 Episode
	Golden Gods Awards	Himself	Performer
	Michael Douglas & Friends Celebrity Golf Tournament	Himself
	2012 Eyegore Awards	Himself	Presenter	^[36]
	unCONventional	Himself	1 Episode: "School's Out for Ninja Turtles"
		Himself	1 Episode: "Generic Holiday Special"
	Conan	Himself	Guest and Performer; 1 Episode: "Surprise, Fourth Graders, You're the Mets"
2013	Rock and Roll Roast of Dee Snider	Himself		^[37]
		Himself	1 Episode: "Animal on the Hunt"
	Evening Urgant	Himself	1 Episode
	Canada's Walk of Fame: Celebrating 15 Years	Himself
		Himself
2014	Good Day L.A.	Himself	1 Episode
	Slash: Raised on the Sunset Strip	Himself
		Himself
2015		Himself
	Kerrang! Awards 2015	Himself	Won Kerrang! Legend award Won Best Radio Show award	^[38]
	Fox and Friends	Himself	Musical guest; 1 Episode
		Himself	1 Episode: "Pauley Perrette/Alice Cooper/Ian Karmel"
	11th Classic Rock Roll of Honour Awards	Himself	Won Classic Album award for "Welcome to My Nightmare"	^[39]
2016	E! Live from the Red Carpet	Himself	1 Episode: "The 2016 Grammy Awards"
	Independent Lens	Himself	1 Episode: "An Honest Liar"
	Carolina Rebellion	Himself
	Talk Stoop	Himself	1 Episode: "Fashion Forward"
	Kerrang! Awards 2016	Himself	Won Best Radio Show award	^[40]
	Rock & Roll Road Trip with Sammy Hagar	Himself	Guest; 2 Episodes
	Gotta Keep Dreamin	Himself
2016–2017	Jimmy Kimmel Live!	Himself	Interviewee and Musical guest; 2 Episodes
2017	Power Chord TV	Himself
	Rock in Rio	Himself	Performer; 1 Episode
		Himself
2018	Jesus Christ Superstar Live in Concert	King Herod	Musical special
	Urban Myths	Himself	1 Episode: "The Dali and the Cooper"
	SmartFem TV	Himself
2018–2019	Celebrity Page	Himself	2 Episodes
2019	61st Annual Grammy Awards	Himself	Nominated for Best Musical Theater Album: "Jesus Christ Superstar Live in Concert"
2019–2020	Mickey Mouse Mixed-Up Adventures	Alistair Coop De Ville	Voice; 2 Episodes
2019	Quotidien	Himself	1 Episode; French TV show
	Expedition Unknown	Himself	1 Episode: "Cracking the Secret"
		Himself	1 Episode: "Alice Cooper"
2020	Bubble Guppies	Windy Pete	Guest (Voice); Episode: "Ocean Patrol!"
	Duncanville	Himself	Voice; Episode: "Red Head Redemption"

Other Appearances

Year	Title	Notes
1970s	The Hollywood Vampires	Founder; Celebrity drinking club headquartered at the Rainbow Bar and Grill
1995–present	Alice Cooper's Solid Rock Foundation	Co-founder and President; Christian goodwill non-profit organization based in Arizona
1998–2017	Alice Cooper'stown	Co-Owner and Partner; Restaurant in downtown Phoenix, AZ	^[41]
2003	Hollywood Walk of Fame	Inducted with a star
2004	Honorary Doctorate of Performing Arts degree	Honoree; Grand Canyon University in Phoenix, AZ
2004–present	Nights with Alice Cooper	Host; Radio show
2012	Honorary Doctorate of Music degree	Honoree and Keynote Speaker; Musicians Institute in Los Angeles, CA	^[42]

See also

• Alice Cooper Accolades

Notes and References

1. Web site: Walk of Fame Stars. walkoffame.com. October 9, 2019.
2. Web site: The Inductees of 2011. rockhall.com. December 10, 2019.
3. Web site: Alice Cooper. imdb.com. August 12, 2019.
4. Web site: Alice Cooper. tvguide.com. August 12, 2019.
5. Web site: Alice Cooper. allmovie.com. October 12, 2019.
6. Web site: MEDICINE BALL CARAVAN. loc.gov. October 13, 2019.
7. Web site: MTV Presents The Freddy Krueger Special (1988). archive.org. 18 August 1988 . October 13, 2019.
8. Web site: Alice Cooper: Prime Cuts. trakt.tv. October 14, 2019.
9. Web site: John Carpenter: Fear is Just the Beginning (2002). classic-horror.com. October 18, 2019.
10. Web site: LOUDER THAN LOVE: THE GRANDE BALLROOM STORY. thegrandeballroomstory.com. October 18, 2019.
11. Web site: Smoke and Mirrors: The Story of Tom Savini (2015). ihorrordb.com. October 11, 2019.
12. Web site: Live from the Astroturf, Alice Cooper Film Festival World Tour. livefromtheastroturf.com. November 16, 2019.
13. Web site: SuziQ. suziqmovie.com. October 15, 2019.
14. Web site: Rose. Anna. 30 December 2020. Slash and Alice Cooper are camp counsellors in new documentary 'Rock Camp'. live. 5 October 2021. NME. en-GB. https://web.archive.org/web/20201230015311/https://www.nme.com/news/music/slash-and-alice-cooper-in-rock-camp-trailer-2846497 . 2020-12-30 .
15. Web site: NME Awards History. nme.com. October 9, 2019.
16. Web site: When Hollywood Waved Goodbye to an Iconic Sign in Disarray. hollywoodreporter.com. October 28, 2019.
17. Web site: Alice Cooper. grammy.com. August 12, 2019.
18. Web site: Larger than life: An oral history of WrestleMania III. detroitnews.com. October 16, 2019.
19. Web site: Celebrate Freddy Krueger Day With "Slash & Burn: The Freddy Krueger story. bloody-disgusting.com. 13 September 2017 . October 19, 2019.
20. Web site: Clive Anderson Talks Back. https://web.archive.org/web/20181202214642/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b7dde43c3. dead. December 2, 2018. bfi.org.uk. October 28, 2019.
21. Web site: A Fistful Of Alice. sickthingsuk.co.uk. October 16, 2019.
22. Web site: A GOLFER'S TRAVELS with Peter Alliss. https://web.archive.org/web/20120322133947/http://www.clearwaterimages.biz/series1/series1.html. dead. March 22, 2012. October 10, 2019.
23. Web site: Uncut. alicecooperechive.com. October 9, 2019.
24. Web site: BEATLES REVOLUTION, THE (TV). paleycenter.org. October 18, 2019.
25. Web site: The Mullet Man Show. listal.com. October 19, 2019.
26. Web site: "LOST" XWF SHOWS FINALLY AVAILABLE ON DVD. wrestlingfigs.com. October 19, 2019.
27. Web site: Cooper, Dickinson, Dio at Classic Rock Roll of Honour. blabbermouth.net. 8 November 2006 . October 9, 2019.
28. Web site: ALICE COOPER To Be Honored At SPIKE TV's SCREAM AWARDS. blabbermouth.net. 5 September 2007 . November 17, 2019.
29. Web site: One for the Fire: The Legacy of 'Night of the Living Dead'. filmaffinity.com. October 28, 2019.
30. Web site: Classic Rock Roll Of Honour Winners Revealed!. https://web.archive.org/web/20110501121455/http://www.classicrockmagazine.com/news/classic-rock-roll-of-honour-winners-revealed/. dead. May 1, 2011. October 9, 2019.
31. Web site: Metal Icons Rock Out at Golden Gods Awards. rollingstone.com. 27 May 2011 . October 9, 2019.
32. Web site: Metal Hammer Golden Gods' Winners Revealed. metalinsider.net. 14 June 2011 . October 9, 2019.
33. Web site: Ozzy Osbourne, Alice Cooper, Korn, Def Leppard Honored at Kerrang! Awards. blabbermouth.net. 9 June 2011 . October 9, 2019.
34. Web site: Alice Cooper Awards Guillermo Del Toro An Eyegore, Unveils New Haunted Maze At Universal Hollywood. nightswithalicecooper.com. October 9, 2019.
35. Web site: 2011 Eyegore Awards. ultimateclassicrock.com. 14 September 2011 . October 9, 2019.
36. Web site: The 2012 Eyegore Awards!. behindthethrills.com. October 9, 2019.
37. Web site: Rock & Roll Roast of Dee Snider. houseofhaironline.com. November 17, 2019.
38. Web site: NEWS: Winners of Relentless Kerrang! Awards 2015 confirmed!. deadpress.co.uk. October 9, 2019. December 5, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211205202253/https://www.deadpress.co.uk/news-winners-of-relentless-kerrang-awards-2015-confirmed/. dead.
39. Web site: Classic Rock Roll Of Honour: The Winners. metalshockfinland.com. 12 November 2015 . October 9, 2019.
40. Web site: Kerrang! Awards 2016: The Winners!. kerrang.com. 9 June 2016 . October 9, 2019.
41. News: Alice Cooper'stown restaurant shuts down in Phoenix. Sunnucks. Mike. bizjournals.com. 2019-10-01. en-US.
42. Web site: Cooper receives honorary doctorate at L.A.'s Musicians Institute. express.co.uk. 19 March 2012 . October 30, 2019.