| Ali ibn Sulayman al-Hashimi | |
| Native Name: | علي بن سليمان الهاشمي |
| Native Name Lang: | ar |
| Birth Date: | fl. 890 |
| Era: | Islamic Golden Age |
| Main Interests: | Astronomy, mathematics |
| Major Works: | ("Book of the Reasons Behind Astronomical Tables") |
Ali ibn Sulayman al-Hashimi, known as al-Hashimi, was an Islamic astronomer and mathematician, who flourished during the late 9th century.
No details of the 9th century Islamic astronomer Ali ibn Sulayman al-Hashimi's life are recorded, but he flourished in 890. As well as his work as an astronomer, he contributed to the development of irrational numbers.
Al-Hashimi's only known major work is the ("Book of the Reasons Behind Astronomical Tables"), which possibly dates from the late 9th century. It is a discussion of the astronomical ideas of the Greeks, Indians and Persians, which characterized Islamic astronomy before the arrival of the Ptolemaic tradition, and includes the basic theories underlying, chronology, planetary cycles and equations, eclipses, timekeeping, and astrology.
The work lacks an organized structure or any critical comments about other astronomers, and is prone to technical errors made by al-Hashimi, as well as mistakes by later copyists. It may have been copied by scribes in Damascus in 1288.
is extant in a unique manuscript now preserved at the Bodleian Library, Oxford University (MS. Arch. Selden. A.11). The work has no innovative ideas, but is historically important, as it cites 14 works by other astronomers, most of which are lost, and thus provides information about the history of science. It has been translated by Fuad I. Haddad and Edward Stewart Kennedy.